本研究旨在了解酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(tyrosinase related protein 1,TYRP1)基因在中国地方绵羊群体内的遗传变异,以及TYRP1基因突变与不同毛色表型绵羊群体的相关性。通过直接测序法和PCR-RFLP技术对10个中国地方绵羊群体进行单核苷酸多态...本研究旨在了解酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(tyrosinase related protein 1,TYRP1)基因在中国地方绵羊群体内的遗传变异,以及TYRP1基因突变与不同毛色表型绵羊群体的相关性。通过直接测序法和PCR-RFLP技术对10个中国地方绵羊群体进行单核苷酸多态性(SNP)检测,利用Beagle、PLINK和POPGENE等软件对突变位点数据进行单倍型构建、连锁不平衡分析和遗传变异研究。突变位点检测结果表明,在绵羊TYRP1基因内识别了13个SNPs,其中位于TYRP1基因外显子上的10个SNPs位点,除个别位点在大尾寒羊、中国美利奴羊和岷县黑裘皮羊中没有发生突变外,其他突变位点在所有绵羊品种中均出现不同程度变异,说明中国地方绵羊群体具有较高的遗传多样性。单倍型分析结果表明,所有样本中共有42个单倍型,优势单倍型0000000000(245/918)、0100000001(91/918)在所有绵羊群体中均存在,除单倍型0101100000(93/918)在中国美利奴羊中没有出现,单倍型0001000001(69/918)在岷县黑裘皮羊、哈萨克羊群体中没有出现外,在其他群体中均存在。连锁分析结果表明,10个SNPs在所有样本中均存在2个连锁模块。群体遗传变异分析表明,中国地方绵羊群体具有较高水平的群体内遗传变异,各绵羊品种间存在明显的遗传分化模式,且各品种遗传关系与其品种传统分类结果基本一致。本研究为进一步研究TYRP1基因对绵羊毛色遗传性状的影响提供了参考依据。展开更多
In China’s major rice(Oryza sativa L.)production regions,the traditional fertilization modes are challenged by the continued decrease in manure and increase in mineral fertilizer.However,limited information exists on...In China’s major rice(Oryza sativa L.)production regions,the traditional fertilization modes are challenged by the continued decrease in manure and increase in mineral fertilizer.However,limited information exists on the influences of long-term fertilizer management on soil organic carbon(SOC)and soil physical properties under the intensive rice production system in southern China.The objective of this study was to characterize the changes of soil physical properties as related to mineral fertilizer,crop residues,and manure application based on a long-term field experiment.The experiment,initiated in 1986,has five treatments:unfertilized,mineral fertilizer alone,rice residues plus mineral fertilizer,low manure rate plus mineral fertilizer,and high manure rate plus mineral fertilizer.The cropping system consists of barley(Hordaum vulgare L.),early rice,and late rice,three crops in a year.In May 2006,after barley harvest,soil samples were collected from the 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm layers to determine SOC concentration,aggregate size distribution,bulk density(rb),saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks),and soil water characteristic curves(SWCC).The results indicated that manure significantly reducedrb,increased SOC concentration,soil aggregation,Ks,transmission and storage porosity,as well as water retention capacity.Combined application of crop residue and mineral fertilizer also improved soil physical properties,but the improvement by mineral fertilizer alone was limited.Correlation analysis demonstrated that S,the slope of the SWCC at its inflection point,was closely associated with the selected physical parameters,suggesting S was an effective parameter for soil physical quality evaluation.Nevertheless,in applying the S-theory,a unified approach to define the residual water content should be considered.展开更多
文摘本研究旨在了解酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(tyrosinase related protein 1,TYRP1)基因在中国地方绵羊群体内的遗传变异,以及TYRP1基因突变与不同毛色表型绵羊群体的相关性。通过直接测序法和PCR-RFLP技术对10个中国地方绵羊群体进行单核苷酸多态性(SNP)检测,利用Beagle、PLINK和POPGENE等软件对突变位点数据进行单倍型构建、连锁不平衡分析和遗传变异研究。突变位点检测结果表明,在绵羊TYRP1基因内识别了13个SNPs,其中位于TYRP1基因外显子上的10个SNPs位点,除个别位点在大尾寒羊、中国美利奴羊和岷县黑裘皮羊中没有发生突变外,其他突变位点在所有绵羊品种中均出现不同程度变异,说明中国地方绵羊群体具有较高的遗传多样性。单倍型分析结果表明,所有样本中共有42个单倍型,优势单倍型0000000000(245/918)、0100000001(91/918)在所有绵羊群体中均存在,除单倍型0101100000(93/918)在中国美利奴羊中没有出现,单倍型0001000001(69/918)在岷县黑裘皮羊、哈萨克羊群体中没有出现外,在其他群体中均存在。连锁分析结果表明,10个SNPs在所有样本中均存在2个连锁模块。群体遗传变异分析表明,中国地方绵羊群体具有较高水平的群体内遗传变异,各绵羊品种间存在明显的遗传分化模式,且各品种遗传关系与其品种传统分类结果基本一致。本研究为进一步研究TYRP1基因对绵羊毛色遗传性状的影响提供了参考依据。
基金the National Science and Technology Supporting Programs of China under Grants No 2006BAD02A15 and 2006BAD15B02.
文摘In China’s major rice(Oryza sativa L.)production regions,the traditional fertilization modes are challenged by the continued decrease in manure and increase in mineral fertilizer.However,limited information exists on the influences of long-term fertilizer management on soil organic carbon(SOC)and soil physical properties under the intensive rice production system in southern China.The objective of this study was to characterize the changes of soil physical properties as related to mineral fertilizer,crop residues,and manure application based on a long-term field experiment.The experiment,initiated in 1986,has five treatments:unfertilized,mineral fertilizer alone,rice residues plus mineral fertilizer,low manure rate plus mineral fertilizer,and high manure rate plus mineral fertilizer.The cropping system consists of barley(Hordaum vulgare L.),early rice,and late rice,three crops in a year.In May 2006,after barley harvest,soil samples were collected from the 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm layers to determine SOC concentration,aggregate size distribution,bulk density(rb),saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks),and soil water characteristic curves(SWCC).The results indicated that manure significantly reducedrb,increased SOC concentration,soil aggregation,Ks,transmission and storage porosity,as well as water retention capacity.Combined application of crop residue and mineral fertilizer also improved soil physical properties,but the improvement by mineral fertilizer alone was limited.Correlation analysis demonstrated that S,the slope of the SWCC at its inflection point,was closely associated with the selected physical parameters,suggesting S was an effective parameter for soil physical quality evaluation.Nevertheless,in applying the S-theory,a unified approach to define the residual water content should be considered.
