The effects of angiotensinⅡreceptor antagonist losartan on elastic properties of aorta in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were assessed.The ascending aortic distensibility in 26 patients(48±...The effects of angiotensinⅡreceptor antagonist losartan on elastic properties of aorta in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were assessed.The ascending aortic distensibility in 26 patients(48±3 years)with mild to moderate essential hypertension before and after 12 weeks of treatment with losartan(50 mg/day)was evaluated by using two-dimensional echocardiography.M-mode measurements of aortic systolic(D_(s))anD_(d)iastolic diameter(D_(d))were taken at a level approximately 3 cm above the aortic valve.Simultaneously,cuff brachial artery systolic(SBP)anD_(d)iastolic(DBP)pressures were measured.Aortic pressure-strain elastic modulus(E p)was calculated as D_(d)×(SBP-DBP)/(D_(s)-D_(d))×1333 and stiffness index beta(β)was defined as D_(d)×Ln(SBP/DBP)/(D_(s)-D_(d)).Blood pressure significantly decreased from 148±13/95±9 mmHg to 138±12/88±8 mmHg(systolic blood pressure,P=0.001;diastolic blood pressure,P=0.003).There was no significant difference in pulse pressure before and after treatment with losartan(53±10 mmHg vs 50±7 mmHg).The distensibility of ascending aorta increaseD_(s)ignificantly as showed by the significant decrease in pressure-strain elastic modulus from 4.42±5.79×10^(6)dynes/cm^(2)to 1.99±1.49×10^(6)dynes/cm^(2)(P=0.02)anD_(s)tiffness index beta from^(2)7.4±32.9 to 13.3±9.9(P=0.02).Although there was a weak correlation between the percent changes in pressure-strain elastic modulus anD_(s)tiffness index beta and that in diastolic blood pressure after losartan treatment(r=0.40,P=0.04 and r=0.55,P=0.004,respectively),no correlation was found between the percent changes in pressure-strain elastic modulus anD_(s)tiffness index beta and that in systolic blood pressure(r=0.04,P=0.8 and r=0.24,P=0.2,respectively).Our study demonstrated that angiotensinⅡreceptor antagonist losartan has a beneficial effect on aortic distensibility in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and this effect is partly independent of blood pressure reduction.展开更多
The rechargeable aluminum batteries(RAB)have shown great potential for energy storage applications due to their low-cost and superior volumetric capacity.However,the battery performances are far from satisfactory owin...The rechargeable aluminum batteries(RAB)have shown great potential for energy storage applications due to their low-cost and superior volumetric capacity.However,the battery performances are far from satisfactory owing to the poor kinetics of electrode reactions,including the solid-state ionic diffusion and interfacial charge transfer.The charge transfer reaction,typically the cation desolvation at the interface(Helmholtz plane),is crucial for determining the interfacial charge transfer,which induces the solvent effect in batteries but has not been explored in RABs.Herein,we provide a comprehensive understanding of solvent effects on interface kinetics and electrochemical performance of RAB by analyzing the desolvation process and charge transfer energy barrier.The pivotal role of solvent effects is confirmed by the successful application of Al(OTF)_(3)-H_(2)O electrolyte,which displays easy desolvation,low charge transfer resistance,and thus superior Al-ion storage performance over other electrolytes in our studies.In addition,based on the strong correlation between the calculated desolvation energy and charge transfer energy barrier,the calculation of dissociation energy of ion-solvent complex is demonstrated as an efficient index for designing electrolytes.The in-depth understanding of solvent effects provides rational guidance for new electrolyte and RAB design.展开更多
文摘The effects of angiotensinⅡreceptor antagonist losartan on elastic properties of aorta in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were assessed.The ascending aortic distensibility in 26 patients(48±3 years)with mild to moderate essential hypertension before and after 12 weeks of treatment with losartan(50 mg/day)was evaluated by using two-dimensional echocardiography.M-mode measurements of aortic systolic(D_(s))anD_(d)iastolic diameter(D_(d))were taken at a level approximately 3 cm above the aortic valve.Simultaneously,cuff brachial artery systolic(SBP)anD_(d)iastolic(DBP)pressures were measured.Aortic pressure-strain elastic modulus(E p)was calculated as D_(d)×(SBP-DBP)/(D_(s)-D_(d))×1333 and stiffness index beta(β)was defined as D_(d)×Ln(SBP/DBP)/(D_(s)-D_(d)).Blood pressure significantly decreased from 148±13/95±9 mmHg to 138±12/88±8 mmHg(systolic blood pressure,P=0.001;diastolic blood pressure,P=0.003).There was no significant difference in pulse pressure before and after treatment with losartan(53±10 mmHg vs 50±7 mmHg).The distensibility of ascending aorta increaseD_(s)ignificantly as showed by the significant decrease in pressure-strain elastic modulus from 4.42±5.79×10^(6)dynes/cm^(2)to 1.99±1.49×10^(6)dynes/cm^(2)(P=0.02)anD_(s)tiffness index beta from^(2)7.4±32.9 to 13.3±9.9(P=0.02).Although there was a weak correlation between the percent changes in pressure-strain elastic modulus anD_(s)tiffness index beta and that in diastolic blood pressure after losartan treatment(r=0.40,P=0.04 and r=0.55,P=0.004,respectively),no correlation was found between the percent changes in pressure-strain elastic modulus anD_(s)tiffness index beta and that in systolic blood pressure(r=0.04,P=0.8 and r=0.24,P=0.2,respectively).Our study demonstrated that angiotensinⅡreceptor antagonist losartan has a beneficial effect on aortic distensibility in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and this effect is partly independent of blood pressure reduction.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075028).
文摘The rechargeable aluminum batteries(RAB)have shown great potential for energy storage applications due to their low-cost and superior volumetric capacity.However,the battery performances are far from satisfactory owing to the poor kinetics of electrode reactions,including the solid-state ionic diffusion and interfacial charge transfer.The charge transfer reaction,typically the cation desolvation at the interface(Helmholtz plane),is crucial for determining the interfacial charge transfer,which induces the solvent effect in batteries but has not been explored in RABs.Herein,we provide a comprehensive understanding of solvent effects on interface kinetics and electrochemical performance of RAB by analyzing the desolvation process and charge transfer energy barrier.The pivotal role of solvent effects is confirmed by the successful application of Al(OTF)_(3)-H_(2)O electrolyte,which displays easy desolvation,low charge transfer resistance,and thus superior Al-ion storage performance over other electrolytes in our studies.In addition,based on the strong correlation between the calculated desolvation energy and charge transfer energy barrier,the calculation of dissociation energy of ion-solvent complex is demonstrated as an efficient index for designing electrolytes.The in-depth understanding of solvent effects provides rational guidance for new electrolyte and RAB design.
