海底隧道平纵线形组合方式复杂多样,容易导致驾驶人产生分心、疲劳等不良反应。为此,采集了30名驾驶人的实车数据,量化分析了海底隧道平纵线形对驾驶人视觉特征及车速的影响。运用Facelab眼动仪、GPS X10车载坡度计、行车记录仪等设备...海底隧道平纵线形组合方式复杂多样,容易导致驾驶人产生分心、疲劳等不良反应。为此,采集了30名驾驶人的实车数据,量化分析了海底隧道平纵线形对驾驶人视觉特征及车速的影响。运用Facelab眼动仪、GPS X10车载坡度计、行车记录仪等设备采集眨眼频率、单位时间内人眼闭合时间所占比例(percentage of eye closure over the pupil per unit time,PERCLOS)、隧道坡度、车速等数据。利用偏相关性分析得出海底隧道坡度、曲率与驾驶人眨眼频率、PERCLOS、车速的相关性及显著性,采用Ploy 2D非线性曲面拟合方法,分别建立眨眼频率、PERCLOS、车速与坡度-曲率的数学模型,量化分析眨眼频率、PERCLOS及车速与海底隧道平纵线形之间的关系,进而反映出海底隧道不同平纵线形组合对驾驶人的精神状态及行车状态的影响。结果表明:坡度1.3%和圆曲线半径4348 m的海底隧道平纵线形组合方式下,驾驶人的眨眼频率最大,精神最放松,适当增加上坡坡度值、减小圆曲线半径可以提高驾驶人的紧张感;坡度3.05%和圆曲线半径3521 m的海底隧道平纵线形组合方式下,驾驶人的PERCLOS最大,疲劳程度最高,适当增加下坡坡度值、减小圆曲线半径可以缓解驾驶人的疲劳;坡度1.78%和圆曲线半径2433 m的海底隧道平纵线形组合方式下,车速最快,适当增加上坡坡度值和圆曲线半径,可以降低车速。本文构建的视觉特征及车速模型,可以反映驾驶人的精神及行车状态随平纵线形的变化,为海底隧道平纵线形安全设计与运营管理提供理论支撑。展开更多
“Better Call Saul”is an excellent American television series.As a spin-off of“Breaking Bad”,it continues its excellent character design and intriguing plot development,giving audiences around the world a treat to ...“Better Call Saul”is an excellent American television series.As a spin-off of“Breaking Bad”,it continues its excellent character design and intriguing plot development,giving audiences around the world a treat to talk about.However,while“Breaking Bad”has a huge audience and the film and television industry has done a lot of research on it,“Better Call Saul”has not been studied in domestic academic circles.This paper takes several main characters of the play as the research object,analyzes how their characters are designed,and how they complement each other with the dramatic conflict of the plot,so as to explore a new angle of character design.Through the study of the characters in this American drama,this paper can provide a reference for the Chinese film and television industry.The results show that Chinese TV dramas can learn from this American drama to improve the depth of character design and avoid designing stereotyped and labeled characters.This may ultimately improve their artistic literacy and bring more excellent works to Chinese audiences.展开更多
A multi-objective scheme for structural topology optimization of distributed compliant mechanisms of micro-actuators in MEMS condition is presented in this work, in which mechanical flexibility and structural stiffnes...A multi-objective scheme for structural topology optimization of distributed compliant mechanisms of micro-actuators in MEMS condition is presented in this work, in which mechanical flexibility and structural stiffness are both considered as objective functions. The compliant micro-mechanism developed in this way can not only provide sufficient output work but also have sufficient rigidity to resist reaction forces and maintain its shape when holding the work-piece. A density filtering approach is also proposed to eliminate numerical instabilities such as checkerboards, mesh-dependency and one-node connected hinges occurring in resulting mechanisms. SIMP is used as the interpolation scheme to indicate the dependence of material modulus on element-regularized densities. The sequential convex programming method, such as the method of moving asymptotes （MMA）, is used to solve the optimization problem. The validation of the presented methodologies is demonstrated by a typical numerical example.展开更多
文摘海底隧道平纵线形组合方式复杂多样,容易导致驾驶人产生分心、疲劳等不良反应。为此,采集了30名驾驶人的实车数据,量化分析了海底隧道平纵线形对驾驶人视觉特征及车速的影响。运用Facelab眼动仪、GPS X10车载坡度计、行车记录仪等设备采集眨眼频率、单位时间内人眼闭合时间所占比例(percentage of eye closure over the pupil per unit time,PERCLOS)、隧道坡度、车速等数据。利用偏相关性分析得出海底隧道坡度、曲率与驾驶人眨眼频率、PERCLOS、车速的相关性及显著性,采用Ploy 2D非线性曲面拟合方法,分别建立眨眼频率、PERCLOS、车速与坡度-曲率的数学模型,量化分析眨眼频率、PERCLOS及车速与海底隧道平纵线形之间的关系,进而反映出海底隧道不同平纵线形组合对驾驶人的精神状态及行车状态的影响。结果表明:坡度1.3%和圆曲线半径4348 m的海底隧道平纵线形组合方式下,驾驶人的眨眼频率最大,精神最放松,适当增加上坡坡度值、减小圆曲线半径可以提高驾驶人的紧张感;坡度3.05%和圆曲线半径3521 m的海底隧道平纵线形组合方式下,驾驶人的PERCLOS最大,疲劳程度最高,适当增加下坡坡度值、减小圆曲线半径可以缓解驾驶人的疲劳;坡度1.78%和圆曲线半径2433 m的海底隧道平纵线形组合方式下,车速最快,适当增加上坡坡度值和圆曲线半径,可以降低车速。本文构建的视觉特征及车速模型,可以反映驾驶人的精神及行车状态随平纵线形的变化,为海底隧道平纵线形安全设计与运营管理提供理论支撑。
文摘“Better Call Saul”is an excellent American television series.As a spin-off of“Breaking Bad”,it continues its excellent character design and intriguing plot development,giving audiences around the world a treat to talk about.However,while“Breaking Bad”has a huge audience and the film and television industry has done a lot of research on it,“Better Call Saul”has not been studied in domestic academic circles.This paper takes several main characters of the play as the research object,analyzes how their characters are designed,and how they complement each other with the dramatic conflict of the plot,so as to explore a new angle of character design.Through the study of the characters in this American drama,this paper can provide a reference for the Chinese film and television industry.The results show that Chinese TV dramas can learn from this American drama to improve the depth of character design and avoid designing stereotyped and labeled characters.This may ultimately improve their artistic literacy and bring more excellent works to Chinese audiences.
基金Project supported by the National '973' Key Fundamental Research Project of China (No. 2003CB716207) the National '863' High-Tech Development Project of China (No.2003AA001031).
文摘A multi-objective scheme for structural topology optimization of distributed compliant mechanisms of micro-actuators in MEMS condition is presented in this work, in which mechanical flexibility and structural stiffness are both considered as objective functions. The compliant micro-mechanism developed in this way can not only provide sufficient output work but also have sufficient rigidity to resist reaction forces and maintain its shape when holding the work-piece. A density filtering approach is also proposed to eliminate numerical instabilities such as checkerboards, mesh-dependency and one-node connected hinges occurring in resulting mechanisms. SIMP is used as the interpolation scheme to indicate the dependence of material modulus on element-regularized densities. The sequential convex programming method, such as the method of moving asymptotes （MMA）, is used to solve the optimization problem. The validation of the presented methodologies is demonstrated by a typical numerical example.
文摘为建立窖泥评价标准、提升窖泥品质,本文以不同品质窖泥为研究对象,通过对比其表征指标发现:I级窖泥(优质)有较高的感官得分(7.4)、有机质含量(7.9%)、pH(7.6)和产有机酸能力(416.0 mg/g),以及适中的水分含量(39.2%);窖泥微生物多样性结果表明:共检测出42个菌属,微生物多样性随窖泥品质提升显著降低,不同品质窖泥微生物群落结构差异明显。表征指标与微生物群落相关性研究表明:窖泥的水分、pH显著影响窖泥微生物群落结构。窖泥中Petrimonas、Caproiciproducens、Clostridium sensu stricto 12等5个属与窖泥产有机酸能力呈显著相关;Petrimonas、Syntrophomonas、Lutispora等9个属与窖泥pH呈显著相关。Bacillus、Caldicoprobacter、Anaerosalibacter等14个属受窖泥有机质含量和水分含量影响显著;Caldicoprobacter、Sedimentibacter、Anaerosalibacter等6个菌属与窖泥气味感官呈显著相关。
