Zero liquid discharge(ZLD)treatment and reuse equipment of high salinity wastewater in coal-chemical industry often occur in various types of blockage problems because of high salt content,affecting the long-term stab...Zero liquid discharge(ZLD)treatment and reuse equipment of high salinity wastewater in coal-chemical industry often occur in various types of blockage problems because of high salt content,affecting the long-term stability of the device.In this study,the effects of solution temperature,steel,reaction time and wall roughness on fouling were investigated.The changes in the contents of fouling and fouling substances were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by XRD and EDS respectively,and the formation of scale was observed by SEM.The results show that with temperature increasing,Q235 steel is the most difficult to scale.Scaling rate of all salt scales reaches a maximum after 12 h,and the fouling rate decreases significantly from 12 to 48 h.It gradually stabilizes at 48 to 96 h.With the roughness increasing,the thickness of fouling layer increases,and a linear relationship is presented for 1 to 10 h.By comparing actual and simulated wastewater scaling rates,the relationship between actual and simulated wastewater scaling rates is y=ax-0.494.The composition of the scale was analyzed,calcium carbonate is the main product and increases with fouling time.Based on the above-mentioned results combining literatures,the hybrid prediction model with calcium carbonate as the main product is put forward.It is discussed microscopically that calcium carbonate is converted from aragonite and vaterite in a thermodynamically metastable state to calcite in a thermodynamically stable state.展开更多
The decomposition of copper anode slime heated by microwave energy in a sulfuric acid medium was investigated. Leaching experiments were carried out in a multi-mode cavity with microwave assistance. The leaching proce...The decomposition of copper anode slime heated by microwave energy in a sulfuric acid medium was investigated. Leaching experiments were carried out in a multi-mode cavity with microwave assistance. The leaching process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology（RSM）. Under the optimized conditions, the leaching efficiencies of copper and tellurium were 99.56% ± 0.16% and 98.68% ± 0.12%, respectively. Meanwhile, a conventional leaching experiment was performed in order to evaluate the influence of microwave radiation. The mechanism of microwave-assisted leaching of copper anode slime was also investigated. In the results, the microwave technology is demonstrated to have a great potential to improve the leaching efficiency and reduce the leaching time. The enhanced recoveries of copper and tellurium are believed to result from the presence of a temperature gradient due to the shallow microwave penetration depth and the superheating at the solid-liquid interface.展开更多
The modified Hofmann degradation of koumine(1) has proved abortive. The struture and stereochemistry of the main product(3) were deduced by spectral methods and confirmed by X-ray diffration analysis. From the roots o...The modified Hofmann degradation of koumine(1) has proved abortive. The struture and stereochemistry of the main product(3) were deduced by spectral methods and confirmed by X-ray diffration analysis. From the roots of Gelsemium elegans, dihydrokounine was first isolated as a natural product.展开更多
Due to the high salt content of coal chemical wastewater,pipeline fouling often occurs during wastewater treatment.Fouling will cause the diameter of the pipe to shrink or even block,which is not conducive to the safe...Due to the high salt content of coal chemical wastewater,pipeline fouling often occurs during wastewater treatment.Fouling will cause the diameter of the pipe to shrink or even block,which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the wastewater treatment process.In this paper,the experimental device was designed by using FLUENT software and the fouling deposition mechanisms at different flow velocities and different positions in a 90 deg bend were studied.The experimental results show that when the flow velocity is between 0.2 m·s^(-1) and 0.3 m·s^(-1),the thickness of fouling layer was positively correlated with the flow velocity;when the flow velocity is equal to 0.4 m·s^(-1),the formation of fouling is the most serious;when the flow velocity is between 0.4 m·s^(-1) and 0.7 m·s^(-1),the thickness of fouling layer was negative correlation with the flow velocity;with the increase of inlet velocity,the time for sediment point to develop into sediment surface is shortened.The fouling layer is easy to fall off because of the large shear force on the wall surface of the inner bend of the 90°elbow,so the density of sediment at this position is high.展开更多
目的以Meta分析的方法评价关节镜下内固定和切开复位内固定对治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较。方法计算机检索国内外有关关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的相关研究,通过进行文献质量评价,应用Rev Man 5.3分析软件进行Meta分析。...目的以Meta分析的方法评价关节镜下内固定和切开复位内固定对治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较。方法计算机检索国内外有关关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的相关研究,通过进行文献质量评价,应用Rev Man 5.3分析软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入随机对照研究(RCT)文献14篇,共计1 364例患者。其中,关节镜下内固定组680例,切开复位内固定组684例。Meta分析结果显示,关节镜下内固定与切开复位内固定相比,能明显减少术后短期和长期术后并发症的发生(P=0.000);且能缩短手术时间,减少切口长度,减少术中出血量(P=0.000),缩短住院时间、完全负重下地时间、骨折愈合时间(P=0.000);在中短期功能评分优良率方面,关节镜更有优势(P=0.004),差异均有统计学意义。结论该系统评价为关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的疗效及并发症方面提供循证医学的证据支持,对手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、住院时间、下地负重时间、骨折愈合时间、术后6个月、12功能评分优良率和术口感染等并发症的有效性及安全性进行系统评价,与传统切开复位内固定术进行比较,关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折是安全可靠的。展开更多
Background:Sudden unexpected death of epilepsy(SUDEP)is a severe outcome of epilepsy.This study aimed to report the clinical and pathological findings in patients with SUDEP.Methods:The record of patients with sudden ...Background:Sudden unexpected death of epilepsy(SUDEP)is a severe outcome of epilepsy.This study aimed to report the clinical and pathological findings in patients with SUDEP.Methods:The record of patients with sudden death was screened.When the reason of death matched with the definition of SUDEP,the clinical and pathological data were analyzed.Eleven patients with SUDEP were included in the study.Results:Eight patients died after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure,seizures were induced by emotional changes in five patients,four cases were found dead in bed.Carbamazepine was prescribed in six patients.The autopsy showed brain edema and pulmonary edema in all eleven patients.Loss of neurons and gliosis were presented in some brains of SUDEP subjects.The main pathological changes in SUDEP include brain edema,pulmonary edema,loss of neurons and gliosis.Conclusions:Risk factors for SUDEP in the study are generalized tonic-clonic seizure,emotional disturbance and carbamazepine treatment.展开更多
基金financially supported by East-West Cooperation Project of Ningxia Key R&D Plan(2017BY064)National First-rate Discipline Construction Project of Ningxia(NXYLXK2017A04)。
文摘Zero liquid discharge(ZLD)treatment and reuse equipment of high salinity wastewater in coal-chemical industry often occur in various types of blockage problems because of high salt content,affecting the long-term stability of the device.In this study,the effects of solution temperature,steel,reaction time and wall roughness on fouling were investigated.The changes in the contents of fouling and fouling substances were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by XRD and EDS respectively,and the formation of scale was observed by SEM.The results show that with temperature increasing,Q235 steel is the most difficult to scale.Scaling rate of all salt scales reaches a maximum after 12 h,and the fouling rate decreases significantly from 12 to 48 h.It gradually stabilizes at 48 to 96 h.With the roughness increasing,the thickness of fouling layer increases,and a linear relationship is presented for 1 to 10 h.By comparing actual and simulated wastewater scaling rates,the relationship between actual and simulated wastewater scaling rates is y=ax-0.494.The composition of the scale was analyzed,calcium carbonate is the main product and increases with fouling time.Based on the above-mentioned results combining literatures,the hybrid prediction model with calcium carbonate as the main product is put forward.It is discussed microscopically that calcium carbonate is converted from aragonite and vaterite in a thermodynamically metastable state to calcite in a thermodynamically stable state.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period (No. 2012BAE06B05)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. N130602004)
文摘The decomposition of copper anode slime heated by microwave energy in a sulfuric acid medium was investigated. Leaching experiments were carried out in a multi-mode cavity with microwave assistance. The leaching process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology（RSM）. Under the optimized conditions, the leaching efficiencies of copper and tellurium were 99.56% ± 0.16% and 98.68% ± 0.12%, respectively. Meanwhile, a conventional leaching experiment was performed in order to evaluate the influence of microwave radiation. The mechanism of microwave-assisted leaching of copper anode slime was also investigated. In the results, the microwave technology is demonstrated to have a great potential to improve the leaching efficiency and reduce the leaching time. The enhanced recoveries of copper and tellurium are believed to result from the presence of a temperature gradient due to the shallow microwave penetration depth and the superheating at the solid-liquid interface.
文摘The modified Hofmann degradation of koumine(1) has proved abortive. The struture and stereochemistry of the main product(3) were deduced by spectral methods and confirmed by X-ray diffration analysis. From the roots of Gelsemium elegans, dihydrokounine was first isolated as a natural product.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2020AAC03025)Undergraduate Training Programs for Innovation(2019107490001)+1 种基金East-West Cooperation Project of Ningxia Key R&D Plan(2017BY064)National First-rate Discipline Construction Project of Ningxia(NXYLXK2017A04)。
文摘Due to the high salt content of coal chemical wastewater,pipeline fouling often occurs during wastewater treatment.Fouling will cause the diameter of the pipe to shrink or even block,which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the wastewater treatment process.In this paper,the experimental device was designed by using FLUENT software and the fouling deposition mechanisms at different flow velocities and different positions in a 90 deg bend were studied.The experimental results show that when the flow velocity is between 0.2 m·s^(-1) and 0.3 m·s^(-1),the thickness of fouling layer was positively correlated with the flow velocity;when the flow velocity is equal to 0.4 m·s^(-1),the formation of fouling is the most serious;when the flow velocity is between 0.4 m·s^(-1) and 0.7 m·s^(-1),the thickness of fouling layer was negative correlation with the flow velocity;with the increase of inlet velocity,the time for sediment point to develop into sediment surface is shortened.The fouling layer is easy to fall off because of the large shear force on the wall surface of the inner bend of the 90°elbow,so the density of sediment at this position is high.
文摘目的以Meta分析的方法评价关节镜下内固定和切开复位内固定对治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的疗效比较。方法计算机检索国内外有关关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的相关研究,通过进行文献质量评价,应用Rev Man 5.3分析软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入随机对照研究(RCT)文献14篇,共计1 364例患者。其中,关节镜下内固定组680例,切开复位内固定组684例。Meta分析结果显示,关节镜下内固定与切开复位内固定相比,能明显减少术后短期和长期术后并发症的发生(P=0.000);且能缩短手术时间,减少切口长度,减少术中出血量(P=0.000),缩短住院时间、完全负重下地时间、骨折愈合时间(P=0.000);在中短期功能评分优良率方面,关节镜更有优势(P=0.004),差异均有统计学意义。结论该系统评价为关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折的疗效及并发症方面提供循证医学的证据支持,对手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、住院时间、下地负重时间、骨折愈合时间、术后6个月、12功能评分优良率和术口感染等并发症的有效性及安全性进行系统评价,与传统切开复位内固定术进行比较,关节镜下内固定治疗轻型胫骨平台骨折是安全可靠的。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671286,81871019)Key-project of Social undertakings and people’s livelihood security of Chongqing Science&Technology Commission(cstc2017shms-zdyfX0009)Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJ1702011).
文摘Background:Sudden unexpected death of epilepsy(SUDEP)is a severe outcome of epilepsy.This study aimed to report the clinical and pathological findings in patients with SUDEP.Methods:The record of patients with sudden death was screened.When the reason of death matched with the definition of SUDEP,the clinical and pathological data were analyzed.Eleven patients with SUDEP were included in the study.Results:Eight patients died after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure,seizures were induced by emotional changes in five patients,four cases were found dead in bed.Carbamazepine was prescribed in six patients.The autopsy showed brain edema and pulmonary edema in all eleven patients.Loss of neurons and gliosis were presented in some brains of SUDEP subjects.The main pathological changes in SUDEP include brain edema,pulmonary edema,loss of neurons and gliosis.Conclusions:Risk factors for SUDEP in the study are generalized tonic-clonic seizure,emotional disturbance and carbamazepine treatment.
