Under the increasing pressure of water shortage and steppe degradation,information on the hydrological cycle in steppe region in Inner Mongolia,China is urgently needed.An intensive investigation of the temporal varia...Under the increasing pressure of water shortage and steppe degradation,information on the hydrological cycle in steppe region in Inner Mongolia,China is urgently needed.An intensive investigation of the temporal variations ofδD andδ1 8O in precipitation was conducted in 2007-2008 in the Xilin River Basin,Inner Mongolia in the northern China.TheδD andδ1 8O values for 54 precipitation samples range from+1.1‰to-34.7‰and-3.0‰to -269‰,respectively.This wide range indicates that stable isotopes in precipitation are primarily controlled by different condensation mechanisms as a function of air temperature and varying sources of vapor.The relationship between δD andδ1 8 O defined a well constrained line given by δD =7.89 δ18O+9.5,which is nearly identical to the Meteoric Water Line in the northern China.The temperature effect is clearly displayed in this area.The results of backward tra- jectory of each precipitation day show that the vapor of the precipitation in cold season(October to March)mainly originates from the west while the moisture source is more complicated in warm season(April to September).A light precipitation amount effect existes at the precipitation event scale in this area.The vapor source of precipitation with higher d-excesses are mainly from the west wind or neighboring inland area and precipitation with lower d-excesses from a monsoon source from the southeastern China.展开更多
为开发一种适合老年人群食用的老年营养鱼肉肠(nutritious fish sausage for the elderly,NFSE),以富含优质蛋白的鱼糜、虾肉和鸡胸肉为主料,以质构特性为响应值,采用正交试验(L9(3^4))法筛选南瓜粉、菊粉、胡萝卜粉和全土豆粉的最适添...为开发一种适合老年人群食用的老年营养鱼肉肠(nutritious fish sausage for the elderly,NFSE),以富含优质蛋白的鱼糜、虾肉和鸡胸肉为主料,以质构特性为响应值,采用正交试验(L9(3^4))法筛选南瓜粉、菊粉、胡萝卜粉和全土豆粉的最适添加比例。应用模糊数学法对最优配比制备的产品进行感官评定,并对其做质地剖面分析和营养学评价。结果表明:南瓜粉、菊粉、胡萝卜粉和全土豆粉的最优添加量分别为肉总质量的1.0%、1.0%、1.2%和0.5%,按此比例加工的NFSE产品模糊数学评定值为52.7%,凝胶强度和硬度适中,蛋白质含量高(18.2g/100g);产品中必需氨基酸/总氨基酸为38.7%,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸为63.0%,必需氨基酸指数为70.97,第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸(基于化学评分)或苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸(基于氨基酸评分);9种不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的77.02%,其中多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的38.08%;检测出的13种维生素中VE含量最高(2.37mg/100g),总膳食纤维含量为3.88%。展开更多
Hot flashes(HF)caused by low estrogen in menopause result from changes ir thermoregulatory processes in the hypothalamic preoptic area(POA).In the POA,transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)participate in heat...Hot flashes(HF)caused by low estrogen in menopause result from changes ir thermoregulatory processes in the hypothalamic preoptic area(POA).In the POA,transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)participate in heat dissipation processes.Studies suggest that TRPV1 expression may be regulated by norepinephrine(NE)-activated α2-adrenergic receptors(α2-ADR)in dorsal root ganglia.The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between NE regulated TRPV1 expression in POA of ovariectomized rats and the development of HF.Ninety female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups:SHAM,OVX and E2.In the POA,the expression of TRPV1 and α2-ADR were determined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting after 4 weeks of estrogen treatment,and NE content was detected using high-performance liquid chromatography.展开更多
As we know,English is an international language and important for our lives today.If you know English,you can read English magazines,newspapers,books,and also surf English websites to know more things around the world...As we know,English is an international language and important for our lives today.If you know English,you can read English magazines,newspapers,books,and also surf English websites to know more things around the world.In China.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Nation Basic Research Program of China(No.2007CB411502)German Science Foundation(Research Unit 536)Independent Research Project from State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science(No.SKLCS-ZZ-2010-02)
文摘Under the increasing pressure of water shortage and steppe degradation,information on the hydrological cycle in steppe region in Inner Mongolia,China is urgently needed.An intensive investigation of the temporal variations ofδD andδ1 8O in precipitation was conducted in 2007-2008 in the Xilin River Basin,Inner Mongolia in the northern China.TheδD andδ1 8O values for 54 precipitation samples range from+1.1‰to-34.7‰and-3.0‰to -269‰,respectively.This wide range indicates that stable isotopes in precipitation are primarily controlled by different condensation mechanisms as a function of air temperature and varying sources of vapor.The relationship between δD andδ1 8 O defined a well constrained line given by δD =7.89 δ18O+9.5,which is nearly identical to the Meteoric Water Line in the northern China.The temperature effect is clearly displayed in this area.The results of backward tra- jectory of each precipitation day show that the vapor of the precipitation in cold season(October to March)mainly originates from the west while the moisture source is more complicated in warm season(April to September).A light precipitation amount effect existes at the precipitation event scale in this area.The vapor source of precipitation with higher d-excesses are mainly from the west wind or neighboring inland area and precipitation with lower d-excesses from a monsoon source from the southeastern China.
文摘为开发一种适合老年人群食用的老年营养鱼肉肠(nutritious fish sausage for the elderly,NFSE),以富含优质蛋白的鱼糜、虾肉和鸡胸肉为主料,以质构特性为响应值,采用正交试验(L9(3^4))法筛选南瓜粉、菊粉、胡萝卜粉和全土豆粉的最适添加比例。应用模糊数学法对最优配比制备的产品进行感官评定,并对其做质地剖面分析和营养学评价。结果表明:南瓜粉、菊粉、胡萝卜粉和全土豆粉的最优添加量分别为肉总质量的1.0%、1.0%、1.2%和0.5%,按此比例加工的NFSE产品模糊数学评定值为52.7%,凝胶强度和硬度适中,蛋白质含量高(18.2g/100g);产品中必需氨基酸/总氨基酸为38.7%,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸为63.0%,必需氨基酸指数为70.97,第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸(基于化学评分)或苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸(基于氨基酸评分);9种不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的77.02%,其中多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的38.08%;检测出的13种维生素中VE含量最高(2.37mg/100g),总膳食纤维含量为3.88%。
文摘Hot flashes(HF)caused by low estrogen in menopause result from changes ir thermoregulatory processes in the hypothalamic preoptic area(POA).In the POA,transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)participate in heat dissipation processes.Studies suggest that TRPV1 expression may be regulated by norepinephrine(NE)-activated α2-adrenergic receptors(α2-ADR)in dorsal root ganglia.The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between NE regulated TRPV1 expression in POA of ovariectomized rats and the development of HF.Ninety female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups:SHAM,OVX and E2.In the POA,the expression of TRPV1 and α2-ADR were determined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting after 4 weeks of estrogen treatment,and NE content was detected using high-performance liquid chromatography.
文摘As we know,English is an international language and important for our lives today.If you know English,you can read English magazines,newspapers,books,and also surf English websites to know more things around the world.In China.
文摘为研究由不同来源的原料肉加工成的鱼肉肠,在感官品质、营养品质及凝胶特性等方面的异同,选用单一原料组:(1)未经漂洗的革胡子鲶鱼新鲜鱼肉(Catfish,C组),(2)未经漂洗的斑点叉尾鮰鱼新鲜鱼肉(Ietalurus Punetaus,IP组),(3)冷冻红鲛海水鱼糜(Frozen red shark seawater surimi,SS组);复合原料组:(4)SSC组(SS:C=1:1),(5)SSP组(SS:IP=1:1),(6)SFS组(SS:冷冻白鲢淡水鱼糜(Frozen white carp water surimi,FS)=1:1),分别作为加工鱼肉肠的原料肉制成6组鱼肉肠,对其进行感官评定、营养成分分析、理化指标和凝胶特性的测定。结果表明,6组鱼肉肠中SS组综合指标表现最优,感官评定(93.8分)、白度(Whiteness,W)值(68.96)、持水力(86.85%)和凝胶强度(797.73g.cm)最高,硬度、咀嚼度、弹性和黏聚性适中,驰豫时间T22最短(54.11 ms),P22最高(96.37%),但SS组的蛋白质和脂肪含量显著低于C组和IP组(P<0.05);C组的蛋白质(17.84%)和脂肪(7.22%)含量最高,质构特性表现在硬度和咀嚼度较高,但弹性、黏聚性和回复性较低,凝胶破裂力(918.97 g)和凝胶强度(737.99 g.cm)高,驰豫时间T22适中(72.81 ms),但P22低(87.49%),W值和持水力最低;IP组各项综合指标最差,其次是SSP组;SFS组鱼肉肠品质良好,所以是实际生产中常采用的原料配比;SSC组的原料是C和SS按1:1比例复配,各项指标表现优良,提高了鱼肉肠的蛋白和脂肪含量,弥补了W值和持水力的不足,驰豫时间T22缩短(70.67 ms),P22含量提高(94.19%),所以将革胡子鲶鱼生鲜鱼糜和冷冻海水鱼糜复配切实可行,可为鱼糜制品的生产开辟新的原料资源。