无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿材料由于其优异的光电性能、较宽的可调带隙及简单的制备工艺而得到广泛关注。溶液制备无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿结晶速率过快,结晶质量不高,所获得的CsPbX_(3)薄膜体相和表面存在大量的缺陷,严重影响了CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿...无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿材料由于其优异的光电性能、较宽的可调带隙及简单的制备工艺而得到广泛关注。溶液制备无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿结晶速率过快,结晶质量不高,所获得的CsPbX_(3)薄膜体相和表面存在大量的缺陷,严重影响了CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿太阳电池(perovskite solar cells,PSCs)的效率和稳定性,因此需要调控CsPbX_(3)薄膜的结晶过程,钝化其缺陷,以便获得高质量的钙钛矿薄膜和高效、稳定的无机CsPbX_(3)PSCs。近年来,前驱体工程已被证明是获得高质量钙钛矿薄膜的有效策略。该文对无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿晶体结构、光电性能、制备方法及存在问题等方面进行概述,总结并讨论了基于前驱体工程制备高质量无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿薄膜的4种主要方法,包括组分优化、添加剂策略、中间相调控、异质结构筑。其中,组分优化能够有效调控结晶速率和结晶路径;添加剂策略实现对不同类型缺陷的钝化;中间相调控是获得优良的表面形貌和高结晶度钙钛矿薄膜的关键策略;异质结构筑是抑制不利非辐射复合,提高钙钛矿稳定性的有效策略。最后,对无机CsPbX_(3)PSCs研究的发展趋势进行了展望,在未来应该深入探索CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿薄膜结晶机理和缺陷钝化物理机制,以制备高质量钙钛矿薄膜,同时应致力于大面积器件和叠层电池的制备和开发,以实现更高的光电转换效率和商业化应用。展开更多
目的探讨USP6基因重排检测在原发性和继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿(aneurysmal bone cyst,ABC)病理鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法对20例需要鉴别原发性和继发性的ABC病例(穿刺标本9例,切除标本11例),在常规福尔马林固定石蜡包埋标本上,利用USP6...目的探讨USP6基因重排检测在原发性和继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿(aneurysmal bone cyst,ABC)病理鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法对20例需要鉴别原发性和继发性的ABC病例(穿刺标本9例,切除标本11例),在常规福尔马林固定石蜡包埋标本上,利用USP6基因双色分离探针进行染色体荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)检测,计数分离阳性细胞,阳性细胞比例>7%视为分离重排阳性。结果 18例可判读荧光信号结果,2例切除标本检测失败。9例USP6基因分离重排阳性(阳性细胞比10%~70%),支持原发性ABC,其中2例为实性亚型;9例USP6基因分离重排阴性(阳性细胞<1%),其中4例经术后标本全面病理检查证实为继发性ABC,分别继发于骨巨细胞瘤2例、纤维结构不良1例和骨母细胞瘤1例。USP6基因断裂重排诊断原发性ABC的敏感性为64%(9/14),特异性为100%(4/4),准确率72%(13/18)。结论利用FISH法检测USP6基因断裂重排对原发性ABC的病理确诊有重要辅助作用,特别有助于穿刺少量标本和临床病理学表现不典型病例的病理诊断。展开更多
In this study, we analyze the regional GPS data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC） observed from 2009-2013 using the BERNESE GPS software, and then the preliminary results of horizontal veloci...In this study, we analyze the regional GPS data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC） observed from 2009-2013 using the BERNESE GPS software, and then the preliminary results of horizontal velocity field and strain rate field are presented, which could reflect the overall deformation features in the Chinese mainland from 2009-2013. Besides, the velocity error and the probable factors that could influence the estimate of long-term deformation are also discussed.展开更多
The 2008 Nura Mw6.7 earthquake occurred in front of the Trans-Alai Range, central Asia. We present Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar （InSAR） measurements of its coseismic ground deformation that are available...The 2008 Nura Mw6.7 earthquake occurred in front of the Trans-Alai Range, central Asia. We present Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar （InSAR） measurements of its coseismic ground deformation that are available for a major earthquake in the region. Analysis of the InSAR data shows that the earthquake ruptured a secondary fault of the Main Pamir Thrust for about 20 kin. The fault plane striking N46~E and dipping 48~SE is dominated by thrust slip up to 3 m, most of which is confined to the uppermost 2-5 km of the crust, similar to the nearby 1974 MwT.0 Markansu earthquake. The elastic model of interseismic deformation constrained by GPS measurements suggests that the two earthquakes may have resulted from the failures of two high-angle reverse faults that are about 10 km apart and rooted in a locked dScollement at depths of 5-6 kin. The elastic strain is built up by a freely creeping decollement at about 16 mm/a.展开更多
Based on Continuous GPS （CGPS） observation data of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC） and the Sichuan Continuous Operational Reference System （ SCCORS）, we calculated the horizontal cosei...Based on Continuous GPS （CGPS） observation data of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC） and the Sichuan Continuous Operational Reference System （ SCCORS）, we calculated the horizontal coseismic displacements of CGPS sites caused by the 2013 Lushan Mw 6.6 earthquake. The resuits indicate that the horizontal coseismic deformations of CGPS stations are consistent with thrust-compression rupture. Furthermore, the sites closest to the epicenter underwent significant coseismic displacements. Three network stations exhibited displacements greater than 9 mm （ the largest is 20.9 mm at SCTQ） , while the others were displaced approximately 1 -4 mm.展开更多
文摘无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿材料由于其优异的光电性能、较宽的可调带隙及简单的制备工艺而得到广泛关注。溶液制备无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿结晶速率过快,结晶质量不高,所获得的CsPbX_(3)薄膜体相和表面存在大量的缺陷,严重影响了CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿太阳电池(perovskite solar cells,PSCs)的效率和稳定性,因此需要调控CsPbX_(3)薄膜的结晶过程,钝化其缺陷,以便获得高质量的钙钛矿薄膜和高效、稳定的无机CsPbX_(3)PSCs。近年来,前驱体工程已被证明是获得高质量钙钛矿薄膜的有效策略。该文对无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿晶体结构、光电性能、制备方法及存在问题等方面进行概述,总结并讨论了基于前驱体工程制备高质量无机CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿薄膜的4种主要方法,包括组分优化、添加剂策略、中间相调控、异质结构筑。其中,组分优化能够有效调控结晶速率和结晶路径;添加剂策略实现对不同类型缺陷的钝化;中间相调控是获得优良的表面形貌和高结晶度钙钛矿薄膜的关键策略;异质结构筑是抑制不利非辐射复合,提高钙钛矿稳定性的有效策略。最后,对无机CsPbX_(3)PSCs研究的发展趋势进行了展望,在未来应该深入探索CsPbX_(3)钙钛矿薄膜结晶机理和缺陷钝化物理机制,以制备高质量钙钛矿薄膜,同时应致力于大面积器件和叠层电池的制备和开发,以实现更高的光电转换效率和商业化应用。
文摘目的探讨USP6基因重排检测在原发性和继发性动脉瘤样骨囊肿(aneurysmal bone cyst,ABC)病理鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法对20例需要鉴别原发性和继发性的ABC病例(穿刺标本9例,切除标本11例),在常规福尔马林固定石蜡包埋标本上,利用USP6基因双色分离探针进行染色体荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)检测,计数分离阳性细胞,阳性细胞比例>7%视为分离重排阳性。结果 18例可判读荧光信号结果,2例切除标本检测失败。9例USP6基因分离重排阳性(阳性细胞比10%~70%),支持原发性ABC,其中2例为实性亚型;9例USP6基因分离重排阴性(阳性细胞<1%),其中4例经术后标本全面病理检查证实为继发性ABC,分别继发于骨巨细胞瘤2例、纤维结构不良1例和骨母细胞瘤1例。USP6基因断裂重排诊断原发性ABC的敏感性为64%(9/14),特异性为100%(4/4),准确率72%(13/18)。结论利用FISH法检测USP6基因断裂重排对原发性ABC的病理确诊有重要辅助作用,特别有助于穿刺少量标本和临床病理学表现不典型病例的病理诊断。
基金supported by Foundation of Institute of Seismology,China Earthquake Administration(201326119)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41074016,41274027,41304067)
文摘In this study, we analyze the regional GPS data of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC） observed from 2009-2013 using the BERNESE GPS software, and then the preliminary results of horizontal velocity field and strain rate field are presented, which could reflect the overall deformation features in the Chinese mainland from 2009-2013. Besides, the velocity error and the probable factors that could influence the estimate of long-term deformation are also discussed.
基金The study is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41274027,41274037,41374030 and 41474097)
文摘The 2008 Nura Mw6.7 earthquake occurred in front of the Trans-Alai Range, central Asia. We present Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar （InSAR） measurements of its coseismic ground deformation that are available for a major earthquake in the region. Analysis of the InSAR data shows that the earthquake ruptured a secondary fault of the Main Pamir Thrust for about 20 kin. The fault plane striking N46~E and dipping 48~SE is dominated by thrust slip up to 3 m, most of which is confined to the uppermost 2-5 km of the crust, similar to the nearby 1974 MwT.0 Markansu earthquake. The elastic model of interseismic deformation constrained by GPS measurements suggests that the two earthquakes may have resulted from the failures of two high-angle reverse faults that are about 10 km apart and rooted in a locked dScollement at depths of 5-6 kin. The elastic strain is built up by a freely creeping decollement at about 16 mm/a.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41074016)
文摘Based on Continuous GPS （CGPS） observation data of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China （CMONOC） and the Sichuan Continuous Operational Reference System （ SCCORS）, we calculated the horizontal coseismic displacements of CGPS sites caused by the 2013 Lushan Mw 6.6 earthquake. The resuits indicate that the horizontal coseismic deformations of CGPS stations are consistent with thrust-compression rupture. Furthermore, the sites closest to the epicenter underwent significant coseismic displacements. Three network stations exhibited displacements greater than 9 mm （ the largest is 20.9 mm at SCTQ） , while the others were displaced approximately 1 -4 mm.
