Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of an Fe–30Cr–2Mo ultra-pure super ferritic stainless steel

The hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of an Fe–30Cr–2Mo ultra-pure super ferritic stainless steel were investigated at the temperature range of 950–1150℃ and strain rate varying from 0.01 to 10 s^(−1).A strain compensated constitutive equation based on the Arrhenius-type model was established to predict the flow stress.The hot processing map based on the dynamic materials model was achieved to identify the optimum processing parameters.In addition,the features of microstructure evolution combined with the processing map were systematically investigated.The experimental results revealed that the flow stress increased with decreasing deformation temperature or increasing strain rate.Dynamic recovery was confirmed to be the predominant softening mechanism.The values of flow stress predicted by the strain compensated constitutive equation agreed well with the experimental values.The extent of dynamic recrystallization and recrystallized grain size increased with increasing deformation temperature or decreasing strain rate,and the continuous dynamic recrystallization was attributed to be the predominant mechanism of recrystallization during hot deformation.The optimum hot working parameters were determined to be the deformation temperature of 1070–1150℃ and strain rate of 0.1–1 s^(−1) with a peak power dissipation efficiency of 42%.

Enhancing High-Temperature Strength and Thermal Stability of Al2O3/Al Composites by High-Temperature Pre-treatment of Ultrafine Al Powders

Amorphous Al2 O3-reinforced Al composite(am-Al2 O3/Al) compacted from ultrafine Al powders for high-temperature usages confronts with drawbacks because crystallization of am-Al2 O3 at high temperatures will result in serious strength loss.Aiming at this unsolved problem,in this study,high-temperature Al materials with enhanced thermal stability were developed through introducing more thermally stable nano-sized particles via high-temperature pre-treatment of ultrafine A1 powders.It was found that the pre-treatment at ≤550℃ could introduce a few Al2 O3 in the Al matrix and increase the strength of the composites,but the strength was still below that of am-Al2 O3/Al because without being pinned firmly,grain boundaries(GBs) were softened at high temperature and intergranular fracture happened.When the pre-treatment was carried out at 600℃,nitridation and oxidation processes happened simultaneously,producing large numbers of intergranular(AlN+γ-Al2 O3) particles.GB sliding and intergranular fracture were suppressed;therefore,higher strength than that of am-Al2 O3/Al was realized.Furthermore,the(AIN+γ-Al2 O3)/Al exhibited more superior thermal stability compared to amAl2 O3/Al for annealing treatment at 580℃ for 8 h.Therefore,an effective way to fabricate high-temperature Al composite with enhanced thermal stability was developed in this study.