The triterpenoids-enriched extracts from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia attenuate alcohol-induced chronic liver injury via suppression lipid accumulation in C57BL/6 mice

The major pathologic hallmark of the alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is the representation of chronic alcohol-induced hepatocyte lipid accumulation.This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective role of triterpenoids-enriched extracts from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia(ACT)in chronic alcohol-induced liver injury mice,establishing in C57BL/6 mice through gradient alcohol feeding for 24 weeks.In longterm alcohol consumption mice,the significantly lost body weight,increased organ indexes,hepatic alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were all remissed after 6-week ACT orally administration,showing its hepatoprotective property.ACT suppressed the triglyceride,total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels,and enhanced high-density lipoprotein levels in serum or/and liver of chronic alcohol damaged mice.Combining with the pathological observations,ACT displayed an anti-steatosis effects to restrain the progress of ALD.Based on proteomic analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ACT had been confi rmed to regulate the levels of lipid biogeneration-related factors and depressed the over-accumulation of hepatic reactive oxygen species.According to further data,ACT prevented alcoholic liver injury may be associated with mediating lipid metabolism-related to PGC-1αand NF-κB signaling.In summary,ACT protected the body against chronic alcohol ingest induced liver injury through its regulation lipid on metabolism.

A biosensor based on a modified S-taper fiber for target protein detection

A biosensor based on a modified S-taper fiber was proposed and experimentally demonstrated for antigen detection. Antibody was immobilized over the activated S-taper waist, where the fiber detected the interaction between the antibody and target antigen. Compared with a unmodified S-taper fiber structure, the silanized fiber had a detection limit of approximately 8.33 × 10-5 RIU when the concentration of antigen solution was changed1%. The antibody and antigen binding processing was monitored in real time by analyzing and investigating the transmission spectral characteristics of the modified S-taper fiber. The cost-effectiveness, real-time detection,and high integration properties of the fiber enable its use in a modal interferometer for biosensing applications including disease diagnosis and biological specificity recognition.

Propagation characteristics of photonic crystal fibers selectively filled with ionic liquid

We present a numerical and experimental study of the propagation characteristics of photonic crystal fibers(PCFs)selectively filled with ionic liquid(IL;1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodine).Three types of IL-filled PCF are investigated:one with all air holes filled,one with an IL-filled air hole in the second ring,and one with an IL-filled air hole in the third ring.The results show that the third type of IL-filled PCF is the most sensitive to temperature;the sensitivity of resonant dips between the LP01 and LP21 modes is−2.9 nm/XC.Moreover,the intensity of the resonant dips changes with the polarization angle of the light source;the sensitivity is−0.79 dB per unit polarization angle.Based on this property,IL-filled PCFs with different utilities can be realized by changing the filling position flexibly.Consequently,IL-filled PCFs can be used under flexible conditions and controllable temperatures to create a compact polarization-angle sensor.

A twist sensor based on polarization-maintaining fibers with different cladding diameters

A fiber twist sensor using a Sagnac interferometer incorporating a tapered polarization-maintaining fiber(PMF)is proposed.The transmission properties of the sensor are investigated both theoretically and experimentally.Given the optoelastic effect,which depends on fiber geometry,the modal and group birefringences of the PMF can be controlled by applying different twist angles.The spectral wavelength shifts,free spectral ranges,and transmission losses of the original,microtapered,and etched PMFs were compared.Notably,the interference dips for the etched PMF move in opposite directions.As a result,the proposed PMF-based sensor could have multiparameter sensing applications.

Characteristic extraction of soliton dynamics based on convolutional autoencoder neural network

In this article,we use a convolutional autoencoder neural network to reduce data dimensioning and rebuild soliton dynamics in a passively mode-locked fiber laser.Based on the particle characteristic in double solitons and triple solitons interactions,we found that there is a strict correspondence between the number of minimum compression parameters and the number of independent parameters of soliton interaction.This shows that our network effectively coarsens the high-dimensional data in nonlinear systems.Our work not only introduces new prospects for the laser self-optimization algorithm,but also brings new insights into the modeling of nonlinear systems and description of soliton interactions.

Sub-terahertz-repetition-rate frequency comb generated by filter-induced instabilities in passive driven fiber resonators

Ultrahigh-repetition-rate frequency comb generation exhibits great potential in applications of optical waveform synthesis, direct comb spectroscopy, and high capacity telecommunications. Here we present the theoretical investigations of a filter-induced instability mechanism in passive driven fiber resonators with a wide range of cavity dispersion regimes. In this novel concept of modulation instability, coherent frequency combs are demonstrated numerically with rates up to sub-terahertz level. Floquet stability analysis based on the Ikeda map is utilized to understand the physical origin of the filter-induced instability. Comparison with the well-known Benjamin–Feir instability and parametric instability is performed, revealing the intrinsic distinction in the family of modulation instabilities. Our investigations might benefit the development of ultrahigh-repetition-rate frequency comb generation, providing an alternative method for the microresonators.