The Related Research of the Genes of Gibberellin Receptor(GID1) in Plant

The hormone gibberellin(GA) plays an important role in modulating diverse processes throughout plant development.Gibberellin(GA) perception is mediated by GID1(GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF1),a receptor that shows similarity to hormone-sensitive lipases.It has been postulated that plants have two types of GA receptors,including soluble and membrane-bound forms.In recent years,significant advances have been made in the research of Gibberellin Receptor(GID1).This article highlights recent advances in the molecular structure of Gibberellin Receptor(GID1),Molecular Interactions between the Gibberellin Receptor(GID1) with DELLA,Cloning and expression of GA receptors(GID1),function identification of GA receptor gene(GID1).These discoveries open new prospects for the understanding mechanism of GA receptors(GID1) in plants.

Isolation and Identification of Cellulose- decomposing Bacteria from Deep-litter Systems

In this study, 43 cellulose-decomposing strains were isolated from deep-litter systems. After preliminary screening with Congo red identification medium and filter paper strip medium, five strains with large transparent circles that disintegrated filter paper strips were obtained. After further liquid fermentation, CMC activity, FPA activity and natural eellulase activity of these five strains were determined, and two cellulose-decomposing strains with higher enzyme activity were screened, which were named F7 and F21. Based on molecular biological identification and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, these two cellulose- decomposing strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces sp. , respectively.

Estimation of Production Amount of Livestock and Poultry Manure and Environmental Impact Assessment in Guangxi

This study was intended to estimate production of major livestock and poultry manure and contaminant content,and find out current situation of manure pollution,so as to provide reference for pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding industry in Guangxi.Based on the related statistic data in 2010 and the excretion coefficient of different livestock and poultry,the manure and its contaminant production amount of main livestock and poultry in Guangxi were estimated.Then the annual livestock and poultry manure load of farmland and the loss of contaminant were also calculated to analyze the ecological pressure resulted from livestock and poultry breeding in Guangxi.Following results were obtained:in 2010,the production amount of the livestock and poultry manure in Guangxi was 9141.30×104tons,including nutrient TN42.07×104tons and TP 13.62×104tons;the annual livestock and poultry manure and N,P pure nutrient load of farmland was 21t/hm2,98kg/hm2,and 32 kg/hm2respectively;the production amount of manure contaminants was BOD5383.43×104tons,COD Cr435.42×104tons,and NH3-N 42.08×104tons;according to 30%loss rate,the loss amount of COD Cr and NH3-N was higher than the sum of industrial and life waste water.It was concluded that the livestock and poultry breeding industry had little impact on soil environment,but posed a grave threat to water environment.

Cd uptake in rice cultivars treated with organic acids and EDTA

A pot experiment was conducted to examine the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the content of malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline and protein, and Cd uptake in different rice cultivars exposed to Cd （0, 1 and 5 mg/kg） in the presence of organic acids and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid （EDTA）. The results showed the increase in activity of dismutase （SOD）, contents of proline and protein but a decline in activities of peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT）, and MDA content for cultivars Xiushui63 and IIyou527. The resistance to Cd was higher in Xiushui63 than that in IIyou527 under the same Cd treatment. Cadmium contents in grain, straw and roots of both cultivars were markedly reduced in the presence of organic acids and EDTA. Grain Cd contents was the highest for plants treated with organic acids, followed by organic acids ＋ 1/2EDTA, and the lowest with EDTA; Cd contents in straw and root were the lowest for plants treated with organic acids, followed by organic acids ＋ 1/2EDTA, and the highest with EDTA treatment when exposed to Cd.

Cloning of Small Heat-shock Protein (sHSP) Gene from Sugarcaneand Analysis of Its Expression under Drought Stress

The present experiment was conducted to clone small heat-shock protein （sHSP） in sugarcane to explore mechanism of stress resistance in sugarcane. sHSP was amplified using RT-PCR from sugarcane leaves, the characteristics of the deduced protein wereanalyzed using bioinformatics software, and its expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that the eDNA of HSP gene obtained by RT-PCR which was 659 bp in full length with a 459 bp open reading frame, encodes a putative sHSP protein with 152 amino acids. Homology comparison between the amino acid sequences of the sHSP protein and 14 di[- ferent species indicated that the sHSP protein had 69% to 96% identity in amino acid sequence with other plants. The deduced amino acid sequence not only conrained a typical sHSP domain, but also was very conservative. The results of quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA of sHSP decreased inilially and then increased with time under drought stress. These results suggested that sHSP is expressed under induction of drought stress, anddrought resistance in sugarcane is enhanced by Si application.

A Survey Report on Sugarcane Production in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2013

In order to fully understand sugarcane production in Guangxi in 2013,the sample survey combined with data collection and field survey was carried out in sugarcane production areas in Nanning,Hechi,Liuzhou,Chongzuo,Baise and Laibin from May 28 to June 36 in2013. It was found that the sugarcane growing area in Guangxi in 2013 declined compared with that in 2012; the rate of emergence remained the same as previous year,and as for the plant number of plant crop and ratoon crop per hectare,there was a decline of 4000 and 2000 seedlings respectively compared with the figure in 2012; borer damage rate declined on the whole while the incidence of sugarcane smut increased.Due to the growth in the cost of planting,the growers were less enthusiastic for management. According to the findings,the fertilization and sugarcane field management should be accelerated; borer prevention work was also required,so as to reduce borer damage and dieback rate;the planting structure of varieties had to be adjusted and the cultivated area of " Guitang" as a fine sugarcane variety should also be enlarged;meanwhile other active measures needed to be taken to prevent and control the outburst of pest attack in local areas.

Molecular Detection of Main Diseases of Introduced Sugarcane in Guangxi

According to the quarantine procedures for sugarcane introduction, thirty-three sugarcane varieties/materials from the United States, Bangladesh, Thailand and some other countries were quarantined. The result showed that main diseases and pests that are concerned in quarantine were undiscovered. In addition, molecular detection results of Fiji disease and leaf scald disease were negative ; detection results of mosaic in six varleties/materials were positive; detection results of yellow leaf syndrome in eight varieties/materials were positive.

甘蔗节间伸长过程赤霉素生物合成关键基因的表达及相关植物激素动态变化

以甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)优良品种桂糖42号(GT42)为研究材料,分别于未伸长期(9–10叶龄以前)(Ls1)、伸长初期(12–13叶龄)(Ls2)和伸长盛期(15–16叶龄)(Ls3)取甘蔗第2片真叶(自顶部起)对应的节间组织,测定其赤霉素(GA)、生长素(IAA)、油菜素甾醇(BR)、细胞分裂素(CTK)、乙烯(ETH)和脱落酸(ABA)的含量,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)分析赤霉素合成途径关键基因GA20氧化酶基因(GA20-Oxidase1)、赤霉素受体基因(GID1)和DELLA蛋白编码基因(GAI)的差异表达。结果表明,在甘蔗伸长期间, GA和IAA含量呈现上升趋势, CTK和ABA含量呈下降趋势, ETH含量先上升后下降,BR含量则变化不明显;GA20-Oxidase1和GID1的表达呈上升趋势,而GAI的表达则呈下降趋势,这与相关植物激素的变化基本一致。综上,甘蔗节间伸长过程主要与GA和IAA相关,其次为CTK和ABA,而ETH受到IAA的调控影响节间伸长;植物激素间通过相互作用调控GA20-Oxidase1、GID1和GAI的表达,影响GA含量和GA的信号转导过程,进而影响甘蔗节间的伸长。该研究揭示了甘蔗节间伸长过程中赤霉素生物合成途径和信号转导关键基因的差异表达及植物激素含量的动态变化规律。