化学实验“动态”教材库的建设思路与实施的总体设想

在当今“互联网+”时代,教材的数字化变革势在必行,相关探索近年来已在国内外广泛展开。化学实验“动态”教材库建设是厦门大学在化学实验教材建设实践过程中提出的一个有关化学实验教材建设的新思路。本文主要介绍化学实验“动态”教材库建设的具体思路与实施的总体设想,以期能更好地为国内高校化学实验教材建设提供可借鉴的经验。

Synergistic lubrication of few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/MoS_(2) heterojunction as a lubricant additive

The few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/MoS_(2) heterostructure was successfully prepared via vertically growing of MoS_(2) nanosheets on the few-layer Ti3C2Tx matrix using hydrothermal method.The tribological properties as additive in mineral oil(150N)were evaluated in detail.The 0.3 wt% of few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/MoS_(2) heterostructure addition amount can reduce the friction and wear of 150N by 39% and 85%,respectively.Moreover,the enhancement effect of few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/MoS_(2) on tribological properties of 150N is superior to that of few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),MoS_(2) nanosheets,and their mechanical mixture.Based on the characterization and analysis of wear debris and wear track,such excellent tribological properties of the few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/MoS_(2) heterostructure derive from its structural advantage toward good dispersion,the synergistic lubrication of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) and MoS_(2) nanosheets during the rubbing process,and the formation of tribo-film.

Optimization of several surface treatment processes for alleviating fretting damage of a locking pin

The operational safety and reliability of a variable gauge train are affected by the anti-fretting wear performance of the locking mechanism.The main purpose of this study is to optimize the surface treatment process for a locking pin material under actual service conditions to alleviate fretting damage.Based on the two basic principles of surface strengthening and friction reduction,a substrate(AISI 4135 steel)surface was treated by laser quenching(LQ),plasma nitriding(PN),and bonded MoS2 coating.Systematic fretting wear tests were conducted,and the wear behavior and damage mechanism of various treated surfaces were comprehensively investigated.The results indicate that the wear resistances of the LQ-and PN-treated surfaces were significantly improved,and their main wear mechanisms were abrasive wear,delamination,and oxidation wear.The MoS_(2) coating exhibits the lowest friction coefficient and energy dissipation due to its self-lubricating property,but it incurs the highest wear rate and failure in the form of plastic deformation.Furthermore,the rough compound layer with a high hardness on the PN-treated surface is conducive to the formation and maintenance of the third-body contact at the fretting interface,consequently resulting in a significant reduction in wear.An optimal surface treatment process for alleviating fretting damage of the locking pin is recommended via comprehensive evaluation,which provides a reference for the anti-fretting protection of related mechanical components.

Motivational interviewing and its application in the management of coronary heart disease

Objective:This review paper explores the concept,spirit,principles,and core skills of moti-vational interviewing(MI)as a psychological approach applied to CHD patients.Methods:Literature reviews based on English and Chinese articles.Results:The English and Chinese literature provided strong evidence for the effectiveness of MI in terms of behavior changes,blood pressure control,hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia control,compliance improvement,and improving quality of life amongst chronic heart failure patients.The Happy Life Club(HLC)is the only randomized controlled trial(RCT)that examined the effects of MI on behavior changes and self-management improvements in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The HLC pilot revealed positive outcomes,and RCTs will provide further evidence.Conclusion:MI has been expanded in its application to a wider range of lifestyle-related chronic diseases,including CHD.At the time of this review,MI represents a new concept and ap-proach in China for improving physical and mental health(body and mind)in patients with CHD.In order to integrate MI into medical practice,the authors suggest improving the medical education curriculum and strengthening vocational training,while conducting further research initiatives to assess the innovation and inform practice management.

The‘physical-mental’treatment of cardiovascular disease co-morbid with mental disorders

A 47-year-old woman complained of sudden chest tightness,shortness of breath,palpitations and a severe headache.Her highest blood pressure had reached 200/120 mmHg before and was diagnosed as hypertension.One month ago,the results of her cranial CT scan showed multiple lacunar cerebral infarctions.She then complained of insomnia,extreme fatigue,poor appetite,loss of interest in everything and paid more attention to her blood pressure and measured blood pressure over five times per day at home.The patient went to visit a psychologist who drew the conclusion of depression.She took sertraline(50 mg once a day)and followed up with the psychologist in the following 2 weeks.During the last month,she has taken 30-mg nifedipine controlledrelease tablets once a day and the blood pressure was well-controlled.More attention should be paid to the mental status of patients with cardiovascular disease.There are many screening tools to assess depression in cardiovascular disease patients.The‘physical-mental’treatment of cardiovascular disease cannot be conducted at one time and follow-ups are necessary.