The three-dimensional(3D)spheroid culture has been widely used as an important tool in biological research.Although several techniques have been established to prepare cell spheroids,fast and controllable production r...The three-dimensional(3D)spheroid culture has been widely used as an important tool in biological research.Although several techniques have been established to prepare cell spheroids,fast and controllable production remains one of the major challenges.In this study,a simple but efficient method utilizing the inertial focusing effect in rotating hanging droplets is demonstrated for the rapid and controllable production of cell spheroids.展开更多
Smoothing spline is a popular method in non-parametric function estimation.For the analysis of data from real applications,specific shapes on the estimated function are often required to ensure the estimated function ...Smoothing spline is a popular method in non-parametric function estimation.For the analysis of data from real applications,specific shapes on the estimated function are often required to ensure the estimated function undeviating from the domain knowledge.In this work,we focus on constructing the exact shape constrained smoothing spline with efficient estimation.The‘exact’here is referred as to impose the shape constraint on an infinite set such as an interval in one-dimensional case.Thus the estimation becomes a so-called semi-infinite optimisation problem with an infinite number of constraints.The proposed method is able to establish a sufficient and necessary condition for transforming the exact shape constraints to a finite number of constraints,leading to efficient estimation of the shape constrained functions.The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated by both simulation and real case studies.展开更多
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.JKF-YG20-B008 and YWF-19-BJ-J-132)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11674019 and 12072010)for the financial supportpartially supported by Yunnan Baiyao Group Co.Ltd.
文摘The three-dimensional(3D)spheroid culture has been widely used as an important tool in biological research.Although several techniques have been established to prepare cell spheroids,fast and controllable production remains one of the major challenges.In this study,a simple but efficient method utilizing the inertial focusing effect in rotating hanging droplets is demonstrated for the rapid and controllable production of cell spheroids.
基金supported by National Science Foundation[1634867].
文摘Smoothing spline is a popular method in non-parametric function estimation.For the analysis of data from real applications,specific shapes on the estimated function are often required to ensure the estimated function undeviating from the domain knowledge.In this work,we focus on constructing the exact shape constrained smoothing spline with efficient estimation.The‘exact’here is referred as to impose the shape constraint on an infinite set such as an interval in one-dimensional case.Thus the estimation becomes a so-called semi-infinite optimisation problem with an infinite number of constraints.The proposed method is able to establish a sufficient and necessary condition for transforming the exact shape constraints to a finite number of constraints,leading to efficient estimation of the shape constrained functions.The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated by both simulation and real case studies.
