Strengthened Dominance Relation NSGA-Ⅲ Algorithm Based on Differential Evolution to Solve Job Shop Scheduling Problem

The job shop scheduling problem is a classical combinatorial optimization challenge frequently encountered in manufacturing systems.It involves determining the optimal execution sequences for a set of jobs on various machines to maximize production efficiency and meet multiple objectives.The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅲ(NSGA-Ⅲ)is an effective approach for solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.Nevertheless,it has some limitations in solving scheduling problems,including inadequate global search capability,susceptibility to premature convergence,and challenges in balancing convergence and diversity.To enhance its performance,this paper introduces a strengthened dominance relation NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm based on differential evolution(NSGA-Ⅲ-SD).By incorporating constrained differential evolution and simulated binary crossover genetic operators,this algorithm effectively improves NSGA-Ⅲ’s global search capability while mitigating pre-mature convergence issues.Furthermore,it introduces a reinforced dominance relation to address the trade-off between convergence and diversity in NSGA-Ⅲ.Additionally,effective encoding and decoding methods for discrete job shop scheduling are proposed,which can improve the overall performance of the algorithm without complex computation.To validate the algorithm’s effectiveness,NSGA-Ⅲ-SD is extensively compared with other advanced multi-objective optimization algorithms using 20 job shop scheduling test instances.The experimental results demonstrate that NSGA-Ⅲ-SD achieves better solution quality and diversity,proving its effectiveness in solving the multi-objective job shop scheduling problem.

The Preliminary Study on Screening and Application of Phthalic Acid-Degrading Bacteria

Phthalic acid is a main pollutant, which is also an important reason for the continuous cropping effect of tobacco. In order to degrade the phthalic acid accumulated in the environment and relieve the obstacle effect of tobacco continuous cropping caused by the accumulation of phthalic acid in the soil. In this study, phthalate degrading bacteria B3 is screened from continuous cropping tobacco soil. The results of biochemical identification and 16sDNA comparison show that the homology between degrading bacterium B3 and Enterobacter sp. is 99%. At the same time, the growth of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. B3 and the degradation of phthalic acid under different environmental conditions are studied. The results show that the environment with a temperature of 30˚C, PH of 7, and inoculation amount of not less than 1.2%, which is the optimal growth conditions for Enterobacter sp. B3. In an environment with a concentration of phthalic acid not exceeding 500 mg/L, Enterobacter sp. B3 has a better effect on phthalic acid degradation, and the degradation rate can reach 77% in 7 d. The results of indoor potting experiments on tobacco show that the degradation rate of phthalic acid by Enterobacter B3 in the soil is about 45%, which can reduce the inhibitory effect of phthalic acid on the growth of tobacco seedlings. This study enriches the microbial resources for degrading phthalic acid and provides a theoretical basis for alleviating tobacco continuous cropping obstacles.

A Generic Strategy to Create Mechanically Interlocked Nanocomposite/Hydrogel Hybrid Electrodes for Epidermal Electronics

Stretchable electronics are crucial enablers for next-generation wearables intimately integrated into the human body.As the primary compliant conductors used in these devices,metallic nanostructure/elastomer composites often struggle to form conformal contact with the textured skin.Hybrid electrodes have been consequently developed based on conductive nanocomposite and soft hydrogels to establish seamless skin-device interfaces.However,chemical modifications are typically needed for reliable bonding,which can alter their original properties.To overcome this limitation,this study presents a facile fabrication approach for mechanically interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrid electrodes.In this physical process,soft microfoams are thermally laminated on silver nanowire nanocomposites as a porous interface,which forms an interpenetrating network with the hydrogel.The microfoam-enabled bonding strategy is generally compatible with various polymers.The resulting interlocked hybrids have a 28-fold improved interfacial toughness compared to directly stacked hybrids.These electrodes achieve firm attachment to the skin and low contact impedance using tissue-adhesive hydrogels.They have been successfully integrated into an epidermal sleeve to distinguish hand gestures by sensing mus-cle contractions.Interlocked nanocomposite/hydrogel hybrids reported here offer a promising platform to combine the benefits of both materials for epidermal devices and systems.

财政透明促进预算公开中的公众参与了吗?——基于2013—2020年90个城市的分析

预算公开的目的是让政府能够被看见,促使政府向公众负责任。但这个逻辑的成立不仅依靠政府主动公开预算信息,更需要公众广泛参与其中,主动查阅预算信息。而近年来,关于我国线上预算公开的公众参与情况的研究较为缺乏,也没有分析我国努力提升的财政透明度对公众参与产生的实际影响。基于此,论文搜集了2013—2020年90个城市预算公开中公众参与度和财政透明度的数据,开展了面板数据模型分析,发现预算公开中的公众参与度较低,存在着共同代理困境。财政透明度能够在一定程度上显著地提高公众参与度,政务微信公众号中的预算教育也发挥了重要的促进作用。为了进一步提高预算公开中的公众参与度,构建“预算公开—公众参与—政府回应”的问责机制,建议拓展预算公开途径,站在公众角度整理预算信息,畅通反馈途径。

Clinicopathologic features and treatment efficacy of Chinese patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective observational study

Background: The prognostic role of the V600 E mutation of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF)in metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC) is well established, but the therapeutic regimen targeting this disease is lacking. This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathologic features of and treatment efficacy of commonly used regimens on BRAF-mutated mCRCs.Methods: We collected and reviewed the medical records of mCRC patients treated at Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute(Beijing, China) between July 2011 and July 2016. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS),neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog(NRAS), and BRAF mutational status was assayed using direct sequencing. The details of clinicopathologic characteristics of patients and their responses to FOLFOXIRI regimen or standard therapy were obtained by reviewing the medical records. The progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS)were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using the log-rank test.Results: Of 1694 patients studied, 75 had BRAF exon 15 mutations. Of these 75 patients, 71 had V600 E mutation, 1 had D594 G mutation, 2 had K601 E mutation, and 1 had a novel T599_V600 insAGA alteration. No patients had KRAS or NRAS mutations. Of 63 patients with BRAFV600 E-mutated mCRC and sufficient clinical data, 27(42.9%) had right-sided colon tumors, 19(30.2%) had left-sided colon tumors, and 17(26.9%) had rectal tumors; 26(41.3%) had peritoneal metastases, and 50(79.4%) had distant lymph node metastases.The patients with BRAF K601 E-and T599_V600 insAGA-mutated tumors had similar clinicopathologic features to those with BRAFV600 E-mutated tumors. Patients with the BRAFV600 E mutation benefited more from FOLFOXIRI regimen compared with patients who underwent standard therapy(overall response rate 83.3% vs. 14.0%; median PFS 6.4 months vs. 2.8 months, P = 0.220; median OS11.0 months vs. 6.9 months, P = 0.048).Conclusions: BRAFV600 E mutations were commonly identified in right-sided tumors and showed a high incidence of peritoneal and distant lymph nodes metastases.This subtype of mCRC was characterized by short OS and unique patterns of metastasis. Compared with standard treatment regimens, the FOLFOXIRI regimen had acceptable and manageable toxicities and favorable efficacy on patients with BRAF-mutated mCRC.

Visualized SERS Imaging of Single Molecule by Ag/ Black Phosphorus Nanosheets

Single-molecule detection and imaging are of great value in chemical analysis,biomarker identification and other trace detection fields.However,the localization and visualization of single molecule are still quite a challenge.Here,we report a special-engineered nanostructure of Ag nanoparticles embedded in multi-layer black phosphorus nanosheets(Ag/BP-NS)synthesized by a unique photoreduction method as a surfaceenhanced Raman scattering(SERS)sensor.Such a SERS substrate features the lowest detection limit of 10^(–20) mol L^(−1) for R6G,which is due to the three synergistic resonance enhancement of molecular resonance,photoinduced charge transfer resonance and electromagnetic resonance.We propose a polarization-mapping strategy to realize the detection and visualization of single molecule.In addition,combined with machine learning,Ag/BP-NS substrates are capable of recognition of different tumor exosomes,which is meaningful for monitoring and early warning of the cancer.This work provides a reliable strategy for the detection of single molecule and a potential candidate for the practical bio-application of SERS technology.

STRONG COMPARISON PRINCIPLES FOR SOME NONLINEAR DEGENERATE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

In this paper, we obtain the strong comparison principle and Hopf Lemma for locally Lipschitz viscosity solutions to a class of nonlinear degenerate elliptic operators of the form △2ψ ＋ L（x,△ ψ）, including the conformal hessian operator.

Proteome-wide screening for the analysis of protein targeting of Chlamydia pneumoniae in endoplasmic reticulum of host cells and their possible implication in lung cancer development

Available reports have confirmed a link between bacterial infection and the progression of different types of cancers,including colon,lungs,and prostate cancer.Here we report the Chlamydia pneumonia proteins targeting in endoplasmic reticulum(ER)using in-silico approaches and their possible role in lung cancer etiology.We predicted 48 proteins that target human ER,which may be associated with protein folding and protein-protein interactions during infection.The results showed C.pneumoniae proteins targeting human ER and their implications in lung cancer growth.These targeted proteins may be involved in competitive interactions between host and bacterial proteins,which may change the usual pathway functions and trigger the development of lung cancer.Moreover,C.pneumoniae unfolded protein accumulation in the human ER possibly induces ER stress,consequently activating the unfolded protein response(UPR),and providing a favorable microenvironment for cancer growth.The current study showed the C.pneumoniae protein targeting in ER of host cell and their implication in lung cancer growth.These results may help researchers better manage lung cancer and establish a molecular mechanism for C.pneumoniae lung cancer association.

Prediction of Web Services Reliability Based on Decision Tree Classification Method

With the development of the service-oriented computing(SOC),web service has an important and popular solution for the design of the application system to various enterprises.Nowadays,the numerous web services are provided by the service providers on the network,it becomes difficult for users to select the best reliable one from a large number of services with the same function.So it is necessary to design feasible selection strategies to provide users with the reliable services.Most existing methods attempt to select services according to accurate predictions for the quality of service(QoS)values.However,because the network and user needs are dynamic,it is almost impossible to accurately predict the QoS values.Furthermore,accurate prediction is generally time-consuming.This paper proposes a service decision tree based post-pruning prediction approach.This paper first defines the five reliability levels for measuring the reliability of services.By analyzing the quality data of service from the network,the proposed method can generate the training set and convert them into the service decision tree model.Using the generated model and the given predicted services,the proposed method classifies the service to the corresponding reliability level after discretizing the continuous attribute of service.Moreover,this paper applies the post-pruning strategy to optimize the generated model for avoiding the over-fitting.Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in predicting the service reliability.

Influence of Heavy Metals on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth in <i>Eruca sativa</i>Mill.

Heavy metals present in soil and water naturally or as contaminants from human activities can cause bioaccumulation affecting the entire ecosystem and pose harmful health consequences in all life forms. Some famous non-food hyperaccumulators such as Thlaspi caerulescens, Sedum alfredii, Pteris vittata, Arabidopsis halleri and Athyrium yokoscense are of very little economic value, making it difficult for them to be used for phytoremediation. In this paper, the influence of heavy metals Cu, Ni, Zn, Hg, Cr, Pb and Cd on seed germination and early seedling growth in oil crop Eruca sativa was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Our results indicated that among the 7 heavy metals tested, only Ni at higher concentrations (1 mM and above) significantly decreased the Eruca seed germination in a dose-dependent manner. All heavy metals except Zn and Ni decreased the root length first, then the shoot length or the fresh seedling weight, and seed germination was always the last to be influenced. With Ni, the root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight were stimulated when Ni concentrations were under 1 mM;with Zn, the root length, shoot length and fresh seedling weight were increased by all concentrations tested (0.20 - 5.0 mM). Our results indicated that Eruca is tolerant or moderately tolerant to Cu, Hg, Cr, and Cd and highly tolerant to Pb, Ni and Zn, and can be developed as an industrial oil crop for phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals.

Solutions with Dead Cores for a Parabolic P-Laplacian Equation

We study the solutions with dead cores and the decay estimates for a parabolic p-Laplacian equation with absorption by sub- and supersolution method. Special attention is given to the case where the solution of the steady-state problem vanishes in an interior region.

The Impact Compression Behaviors of Silica Nanoparticles—Epoxy Composites

The compressive properties of epoxy with different silica nanoparticles (SiO2 nanoparticles) contents at quasi-static and high strain rates loading were investigated via experiment. This article evaluates the compressive failure behaviors and modes at different SiO2 nanoparticles contents and different strain rates. The results indicated that the stress strain curves were sensitive to strain rate, and the compressive failure stress of composites with various SiO2 nanoparticles contents increased with the strain rates, and it increased along with SiO2 nanoparticles contents and then declined. The compressive failure stress and the compressive failure modes of the composites were apparently different from the change of SiO2 nanoparticles contents.

ISSR Markers as a Tool for Assessing Genetic Diversity in the Chinese Alligator (Alligator sinensis)

Eight different inter simple sequence repeat(ISSR) markers were used as tools to investigate genetic variability and population differentiation in the Chinese alligator,Alligator sinensis,in this study. Eleven polymorphic bands(17.2%) out of a total of 64 were generated from 110 individuals in three populations. Analysis of molecular variation showed that most of the genetic variation(98.0%) occurred within the populations. Dendrogram relationship based on Nei’s unbiased genetic diversity illustrated that two breeding populations were genetically closely related. The Nm value of the study was 4.520,suggesting that high levels of gene flow existed and no differentiation appeared in the populations. In a reconstructed Neighbor-Joining tree,the haplotypes coming from the same populations did not gather as a class,suggesting the three populations had no apparent geographic pattern. This study shows that ISSR markers could be well applied as a feasible tool to assess genetic diversity in Chinese alligator individuals.

Integrated Biological Control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt (<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>) and Its Effect on Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Biological control agents and soil amendments have been applied to control tobacco bacterial wilt, but the mechanism is not well-known. In the present study, a field experiment was performed to investigate the soil physicochemical properties, disease index (DI) and disease incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt, and rhizosphere microbial community. The results show that the control efficacy of single application of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide was 46.43% and 51.92%, respectively. While the combined control efficacy of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide was 65.79%. Besides, the combined application of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide could increase soil pH, total N alkaline N, and exchangeable Ca, which were negatively associated with the microbial diversity, soil-borne pathogenic microorganisms, and incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt. Additionally, the combination of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide can improve the proportion of some antagonistic microbial species, and these antagonistic microbial species were inversely associated with the DI of tobacco bacterial wilt. In conclusion: The integrated measure may influence soil microbial communities through enhancing soil physicochemical properties and rebuild healthy soil microbial community structure to mitigate tobacco bacterial wilt. The current study presented valuable insights into the mechanisms enhancing soil health in the integrated measure.

二代测序在家族遗传性高危胃肠肿瘤筛查中的应用

目的:探索二代测序技术对家族遗传性高危胃肠肿瘤患者进行遗传筛查的意义及高危因素在筛选患者中的价值。方法:选取2016年3月至2016年4月收治于北京大学肿瘤医院的322例结直肠癌及胃癌患者,筛选出25例遗传性胃肠肿瘤高危患者,运用二代测序技术对患者的外周血白细胞DNA进行42个遗传性肿瘤综合征相关基因的胚系检测。结果:24%(6/25)患者检测出遗传性肿瘤相关基因的病理性胚系突变,其中50%(3/6)患者肿瘤组织的免疫组织化学检测表现为错配修复蛋白表达缺失,83%(5/6)患者发病年龄≤50岁且具有恶性肿瘤家族史。发生胚系突变的6例遗传性肿瘤相关基因分别为MYH基因错义突变1例,APC基因缺失突变1例和遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌(hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer,HNPCC)相关基因的突变4例(包括MLH1、MLH3、TGFBR2的错义突变和MSH6的无义突变各1例),且提供了MLH3的胚系致病突变的家系验证。结论:通过二代测序技术对本研究入组的25例患者进行家族遗传性肿瘤综合征的筛查,检测出遗传性肿瘤相关基因的胚系致病突变6例,提示运用二代测序技术对家族遗传性高危消化道肿瘤患者进行遗传筛查具有提高检测阳性率的临床应用价值。

教师掌握幼儿数学领域核心经验的现状与促进策略

数学核心经验是幼儿进行数学学习所需的基础性关键概念和能力,教师对这些核心经验的认识与掌握程度决定了教师支持幼儿数学思维和能力发展的质量。对当前我国幼儿园教师掌握数学领域核心经验的现状进行调查可知教师的掌握水平较低,受幼儿园性质、教师教龄、年龄、学历、职称等因素的影响较大,应从改善教师工作环境、强化教师培训、建构教师专业发展长效机制等方面入手,提升教师对数学领域核心经验的掌握水平。

唾液酸化Lewis X和半乳糖凝集素-3表达与甲状腺乳头状癌浸润转移的关系

目的:探讨唾液酸化Lewis X (SLeX)和半乳糖凝集素-3 (Galectin-3)在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及其与癌组织浸润转移的关系。方法:应用免疫组化染色EliVisionTM plus两步法检测164例甲状腺乳头状癌组织和30例癌旁甲状腺组织中SLeX和Galectin-3的表达状况。结果:癌组织SLeX和Galectin-3总体阳性表达率分别为70.7%和92.1%,癌旁甲状腺组织SLeX和Galectin-3总体阳性表达率分别为6.7%和20.0%,两者在癌组织总体阳性表达率显著高于癌旁甲状腺组织(P <0.05)。有浸润患者SLeX和Galectin-3总体阳性表达率分别为84.8%和98.0%,无浸润患者分别为49.2%和83.1%,两者在有浸润患者中的总体阳性表达率均显著高于无浸润患者(P <0.05)。有淋巴结转移患者SLeX和Galectin-3总体阳性表达率分别为89.2%和96.8%,无淋巴结转移患者分别为46.5%和85.9%,两者在有淋巴结转移患者中的总体阳性表达率均显著高于无淋巴结转移患者(P <0.05)。癌组织SLeX与Galectin-3表达具有一定正相关性(r = 0.41)。结论:SLeX和Galectin-3在甲状腺乳头状癌组织中多数呈强阳性表达,两者与癌组织浸润转移密切相关。

三药联合方案治疗晚期转移性结直肠癌的疗效和安全性比较

目的:探讨5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)/亚叶酸(leucovorin,LV)联合伊立替康和奥沙利铂(FOLFOXIRI)方案与卡培他滨联合伊立替康和奥沙利铂(CAPRINOX)方案一线应用于晚期不可切除结直肠癌的安全性及初步疗效的差异。方法:回顾性分析北京大学肿瘤医院2013年1月至2018年11月诊治的晚期转移性结直肠癌(metastatic colorectal cancer,mCRC)患者73例,所有患者均为一线化疗,按照治疗方案分为两组,其中45例为FOLFOXIRI方案组,28例为CAPRINOX方案组,根据化疗的客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)、转化根治性切除率及不良反应对比两种化疗方案的临床疗效和安全性。结果:FOLFOXIRI方法的ORR、中位无疾病进展时间(median progression free survival,mPFS)、R0切除的比例与CAPRINOX方法比较差异无统计学意义(60% vs.57.1%,7.7个月 vs.9.6个月,24.4% vs.17.9%;P>0.05)。所有患者在治疗期间,未出现治疗相关性死亡,两组主要不良反应包括白细胞减少、中性粒细胞减少、疲乏、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、脱发、转氨酶升高和周围神经毒性,FOLFOXIRI组3/4级不良反应发生率为33.3%(15/45),CAPRINOX组3/4级不良反应发生率为46.4%(13/28),差异无统计学意义(P=0.263)。结论:FOLFOXIRI和CAPRINOX均是一线治疗mCRC的有效方案,三药联合方案近期疗效高,不良反应可以耐受。

EBV-BZLF1通过激活PI3K/AKT信号通路促进胃癌细胞生长

目的:明确EB病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)BZLF1基因(EBV-BZLF1)对EB的分子机制。方法:运用过表达BZLF1的慢病毒感染胃癌细胞系AGS和HGC27,分别采用CCK8、细胞凋亡检测、细胞迁移和侵袭实验及Western blot法检测细胞的增殖能力、细胞凋亡与迁移侵袭能力及细胞信号通路变化情况。将过表达BZLF1的胃癌细胞HGC27注射于非肥胖糖尿病/重症联合免疫缺陷(NOD/SCID)小鼠背部皮下构建移植瘤模型,观察BZLF1对肿瘤生长的影响。结果:过表达BZLF1的慢病毒感染组AGS-BZLF1与HGC27-BZLF1相比亲本细胞,细胞中BZLF1蛋白表达明显上调;体外细胞增殖与小鼠体内成瘤能力均显著增强(P<0.05);细胞凋亡受到BZLF1蛋白的抑制,其中AGS-BZLF1和HGC27-BZLF1凋亡率为(2.40±0.14)%和(3.90±0.14)%,显著低于AGS和HGC细胞的(5.75±0.35)%和(9.70±0.42)%(P<0.05);但细胞迁移和侵袭能力无明显改变。深入分子机制研究发现,BZLF1表达上调后,PI3K/AKT信号通路明显激活,表现为pAKT和pS6蛋白表达上调。使用BEZ235抑制剂阻断PI3K/AKT信号通路后,HGC27-BZLF1和AGS-BZLF1细胞的生长均受到抑制。结论:EBV-BZLF1可通过激活PI3K/AKT信号通路促进胃癌细胞生长,靶向PI3K/AKT通路抑制剂或可成为EBV阳性胃癌的治疗选择。

肥城市农村居民肺癌发病趋势分析及预测

目的:分析山东省肥城市2000年1月1日至2012年12月31日农村居民肺癌发病率的变化情况,预测2013年至2018年发病率变化趋势,为制定肺癌防治策略提供参考。方法:采用肥城市2000年1月1日至2012年12月31日农村居民肿瘤发病登记资料,采用Joinpoint模型分析发病率变化情况,计算年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC);采用差分自回归移动平均模型(autoregressive integrated moving average model,ARIMA)模型对发病率进行预测。结果:肥城市农村居民新发肺癌3 908例,其中男性2 633例,女性1 275例,发病率为40.77/10万(中标率为32.95/10万,世标率为32.97/10万),男性发病率是女性的2.14倍(P<0.001);肺癌发病率呈逐年上升趋势,无转折点,发病率由25.13/10万上升至64.92/10万,APC值为9.74%(P<0.001)男、女性人群发病率均呈上升趋势(P<0.001);肺癌发病率的年龄变化趋势可分为3段:0~59岁、60~79岁和80岁及以上,发病率在0~59岁年龄段呈快速上升趋势(APC=113.38,P<0.001),60~79岁增幅趋缓(APC=20.39,P<0.05),80岁及以上开始缓慢下降(APC=-21.20,P>0.05);2013年至2018年,肺癌发病率仍呈逐年上升趋势,2018年将达到87.92/10万,年均增长率为4.92%。结论:肺癌的发生与人口老龄化、不良行为习惯和环境危险因素等密切相关,随着人口老龄化进程的加快,肺癌的发病率仍将持续升高;肺癌的防治应结合其发病特点,制定针对性策略。