Exploring the factors affecting electric bicycle riders'working conditions and crash involvement in Ningbo,China

The rapid development of the delivery industry brings convenience to modern society.However,the high rates of crashes and the survival of electric bicycle(e-bike)riders in the delivery industry raise concerns.The primary objective of this study is to explore the factors affecting delivery e-bike riders’stressful work pressure and crash involvement in China.Data were collected by a questionnaire survey administered in the city of Ningbo,China.A bivariate ordered probit(BOP)model was developed to simultaneously examine the factors associated with both the working conditions of delivery e-bike riders and their involvement in crashes.The marginal effects for the contributory factors were calculated to quantify their impacts on the outcomes.The results showed that the BOP model can account for commonly unobserved characteristics of the working conditions and crash involvement of delivery e-bike riders.The BOP model results showed that the stressful working conditions of delivery e-bike riders were affected by the number of orders and delivery time and rider age and risky riding behaviors.Delivery rider involvement in crashes was affected by the number of orders,strength of the punishment for traffic violations,and familiarity with traffic regulations.It was also found that stressful working conditions and crash involvement were strongly and positively correlated.The findings of this study can enhance our understanding of the factors that affect the working conditions and delivery rider crash involvement.Based on the results,some suggestions regarding public policy,risky riding behaviors,safety promotion,and stronger corporate governance rules were discussed to increase the targeted safety-related interventions for delivery ebike riders in Ningbo,China.

Review of bike-sharing system studies using bibliometrics method

Compared to motorized modes,bike-sharing systems(BSSs)are generally recognized as an environmentally friendly mode of transport and mobility.Due to the advantages and benefits of BSSs,they have spread globally in the past decade.The mapping knowledge domain(MKD)technique is an important tool for bibliometric analysis that can directly reflect the development status and trends in a research field and has been extensively applied in natural science,medical science,engineering and technology,humanities and the social sciences.In this paper,we conduct a systematic analysis of the development trend in bike-sharing studies taken from Web of Science(WoS)Core Collection articles published between 2010 and 2020 using the MKD software tool VOSviewer and Cite Space.The results show that the topics of the cited documents can be divided into three categories:(a)development,operation mode and lessons learned;(b)BSS static rebalancing problem;(c)spatiotemporal characteristics and demand prediction.Next,we conduct document co-citation analysis and keyword co-occurrence analysis to visually explore the research trends in bike-sharing studies.Our results also find that,(a)bicycle rebalancing problem,(b)travel behavioral movements and barrier,(c)impact factors and characteristics of the internal usage demand,(d)innovation and sustainability for BSSs in the future,and(e)built environment and land-use,are the five major research areas and interests for bike-sharing studies.Finally,examining the trends in BSSs studies by identifying keyword bursts allows an on-demand characteristics analysis based on multisource data fusion technology.This study expands the application field of the MKD analysis method and promotes the development of BSSs against a background of new technology innovation.