Molecular-level proton acceptor boosts oxygen evolution catalysis to enable efficient industrial-scale water splitting

Industrial water splitting has long been suppressed by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),which requires a catalyst to be efficient.Herein,we propose a molecular-level proton acceptor strategy to produce an efficient OER catalyst that can boost industrial-scale water splitting.Molecular-level phosphate(-PO_(4))group is introduced to modify the surface of PrBa_(0.5)Ca_(0.5)Co_(2)O_(5)+δ(PBCC).The achieved catalyst(PO_(4)-PBCC)exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic performance in alkaline media.Based on the X-ray absorption spectroscopy results and density functional theory(DFT)calculations,the PO_(4)on the surface,which is regarded as the Lewis base,is the key factor to overcome the kinetic limitation of the proton transfer process during the OER.The use of the catalyst in a membrane electrode assembly(MEA)is further evaluated for industrial-scale water splitting,and it only needs a low voltage of 1.66 V to achieve a large current density of 1 A cm^(-2).This work provides a new molecular-level strategy to develop highly efficient OER electrocatalysts for industrial applications.

Recent advances in bismuth-based multimetal oxide photocatalysts for hydrogen production from water splitting:Competitiveness,challenges,and future perspectives

The efficient utilization of photocatalytic technology is essential for clean energy.Bismuth-based multimetal oxides(Bi_(2)WO_(6),Bi_(2)MoO_(6),BiVO_(4)and Bi_(4)Ti_(3)O_(12))have aroused widespread attention as a visible light responsive photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution due to their low cost,nontoxicity,modifiable morphology,and outstanding optical and chemical properties.Nevertheless,the photocatalytic activities of pure materials are unsatisfactory because of their relative small specific surface area,poor quantum yield,and the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers.Therefore,some modification strategies,including morphological control,semiconductor combination,doping,and defect engineering,have been systematically studied to enhance photocatalytic H_(2)evolution activity in the past few years.Herein,we summarize the recent research progress on bismuth-based photocatalysts,pointing out the prospects,opportunities and challenges of bismuth-based photocatalysts.Eventually,we aims to put forward valuable suggestions for designing of bismuth-based photocatalysts applied in hydrogen production on the premise of consolidating the existing theoretical basis of photocatalysis.

Application of New Media in International Chinese Education

As a novel teaching method,new media short videos have become one of the teaching methods of international Chinese education.By analyzing the advantages and feasibility of this teaching method,this paper demonstrates that teaching using short videos is a more suitable teaching method for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.At the same time,the material selection and problems in the process of using this method are also analyzed.