基于中医传承辅助平台探讨禽流感中医兽药规律研究

该文通过中医传承辅助平台挖掘现代文献,探究禽流感中医兽药的处方用药规律,为禽流感中兽药开发提供参考。以“中兽药”“鸡”“禽流感”等为检索词来检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库,检索时间区间为建库至2022年10月。应用EndNote X9进行文献筛选合并,建立治疗禽流感的中医兽药数据库,采用频数分析、聚类分析、关联规则分析等技术研究用药规律。结果表明:248篇文献359味中药中,频次排前10的为金银花、黄芪、甘草、板蓝根、连翘、黄芩、大青叶、鱼腥草、柴胡和黄连;四气出现频次由高到低排序为寒、温、平、凉、热;五味为苦味、甘味、辛味、酸味、咸味;归经为肺、胃、心、脾和肝;功效统计归类前五位为清热药、补虚药、解表药、化痰止咳平喘药以及利水渗湿药。关联分析中发现,金银花-板蓝根二组合药物出现频次最高,但置信度最高为板蓝根-连翘-金银花三组合药物。聚类分析中,发现三组合中黄芪、金银花、甘草、鱼腥草、板蓝根组合出现频次最高,为133次。可见,中药治疗禽流感类疾病具有一定的规律,其治疗以清热类为主,以“板蓝根-连翘-金银花”为核心药组,佐以补虚类、解表类等,可为治疗禽流感中兽药新药开发提供参考。

Drinking water quality & health risk assessment of secondary water supply systems in residential neighborhoods

Secondary water supply systems(SWSSs)are important components of the water supply infrastructure that ensure residents’drinking water safety.SWSSs are characterized by long detention time,warm temperature,and unreasonable management,which may trigger the deterioration of water quality and increase risks.In this study,drinking water quality index(DWQI)and health risk assessment(HRA)were selected and modified to quantitatively assess the water quality and health risks of SWSSs in residential neighborhoods.In total,121 seasonal water samples were selected.It was observed that the water quality was excellent with the DWQI of 0.14±0.04,excluding one sample,which was extremely poor owing to its excessive total bacterial count.The HRA results revealed that the health risks were low:negligible non-carcinogenic risk for any population;negligible and acceptable carcinogenic risk for children aged 6–17 and adults.However,samples revealed higher carcinogenic risk(7.63×10−5±3.29×10−6)for children aged 0–5,and arsenic was the major substance.Summer samples had poor water quality and higher health risks,which called for attention.To further investigate the water quality and health risks of SWSSs,monthly sampling was conducted during summer.All 24 water samples were qualified in Chinese standard(GB 5749-2022)and characterized as excellent quality.Their HRA results were consistent with the seasonal samples’and the health risks were mainly concentrated in May.Overall,our study provides a suitable framework for water quality security,advice for managers,and references for administrators in other cities.

A visual analysis approach for data imputation via multi-party tabular data correlation strategies

Data imputation is an essential pre-processing task for data governance,aimed at filling in incomplete data.However,conventional data imputation methods can only partly alleviate data incompleteness using isolated tabular data,and they fail to achieve the best balance between accuracy and eficiency.In this paper,we present a novel visual analysis approach for data imputation.We develop a multi-party tabular data association strategy that uses intelligent algorithms to identify similar columns and establish column correlations across multiple tables.Then,we perform the initial imputation of incomplete data using correlated data entries from other tables.Additionally,we develop a visual analysis system to refine data imputation candidates.Our interactive system combines the multi-party data imputation approach with expert knowledge,allowing for a better understanding of the relational structure of the data.This significantly enhances the accuracy and eficiency of data imputation,thereby enhancing the quality of data governance and the intrinsic value of data assets.Experimental validation and user surveys demonstrate that this method supports users in verifying and judging the associated columns and similar rows using theirdomain knowledge.

VIS+AI: integrating visualization with artificial intelligence for efficient data analysis

Visualization and artificial intelligence(AI)are well-applied approaches to data analysis.On one hand,visualization can facilitate humans in data understanding through intuitive visual representation and interactive exploration.On the other hand,AI is able to learn from data and implement bulky tasks for humans.In complex data analysis scenarios,like epidemic traceability and city planning,humans need to understand large-scale data and make decisions,which requires complementing the strengths of both visualization and AI.Existing studies have introduced AI-assisted visualization as AI4VIS and visualization-assisted AI as VIS4AI.However,how can AI and visualization complement each other and be integrated into data analysis processes are still missing.In this paper,we define three integration levels of visualization and AI.The highest integration level is described as the framework of VIS+AI,which allows AI to learn human intelligence from interactions and communicate with humans through visual interfaces.We also summarize future directions of VIS+AI to inspire related studies.

The clinical effectiveness and safety of using epidermal growth factor,fibroblast growth factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor as therapeutics in acute skin wound healing:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Promoting wound healing is crucial to restore the vital barrier function of injured skin.Growth factor products including epidermal growth factor(EGF),fibroblast growth factor(FGF)and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF)have been used for decades although no systematic evaluation exists regarding their effectiveness and safety issues in treating acute skin wounds.This has resulted in a lack of guidelines and standards for proper application regimes.Therefore,this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to critically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these growth factors on skin acute wounds and provide guidelines for application regimes.Methods:We searched PubMed/Medline(1980-2020),Cochrane Library(1980-2020),Cochrane CENTRAL(from establishment to 2020),ClinicalTrials.gov(from establishment to 2020),Chinese Journal Full-text Database(CNKI,1994-2020),China Biology Medicine disc(CBM,1978-2019),Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP,1989-2020)andWanfang Database(WFDATA,1980-2019).Randomized controlled trials(RCTs),quasi-RCTs and controlled clinical trials treating patients with acute skin wounds from various causes and with those available growth factors were included.Results:A total of 7573 papers were identified through database searching;229 papers including 281 studies were kept after final screening.Administering growth factors significantly short-ened the healing time of acute skin wounds,including superficial burn injuries[mean differ-ence(MD)=−3.02;95%confidence interval(CI):−3.31∼−2.74;p<0.00001],deep burn injuries(MD=−5.63;95%CI:−7.10∼−4.17;p<0.00001),traumata and surgical wounds(MD=−4.50;95%CI:−5.55∼−3.44;p<0.00001).Growth factors increased the healing rate of acute skin wounds and decreased scar scores.The incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the growth factor treatment group than in the non-growth factor group.Conclusions:The studied growth factors not only are effective and safe for managing acute skin wounds,but also accelerate their healing with no severe adverse reactions.

A novel method for objectively, rapidly and accurately evaluating burn depth via near infrared spectroscopy

The accurate and objective evaluation of burn depth is a significant challenge in burn wound care.Herein,we used near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)technology to measure the different depth of thermal burns in ex vivo porcine models.Based on the intensity of the spectral signals and the diffuse reflection theory,we extracted the optical parameters involved in functional(total hemoglobin andwater content)and structural(tissue scattered size and scattered particles)features that reflect the changes in burn depth.Next,we applied support vector regression to construct a model including the optical property parameters and the burn depth.Finally,we histologically verified the burn depth data collected via NIRS.The results showed that our inversion model could achieve an average relative error of about 7.63%,while the NIRS technology diagnostic accuracy was in the range of 50μm.For the first time,this novel technique provides physicians with real-time burn depth information objectively and accurately.