Microorganisms in sediments are critical to marine ecosystems.The microbial communities in marine sediments of the Bohai Sea(BS)and Yellow Sea(YS),the eastern Chinese marginal seas,were uncovered in employing the meta...Microorganisms in sediments are critical to marine ecosystems.The microbial communities in marine sediments of the Bohai Sea(BS)and Yellow Sea(YS),the eastern Chinese marginal seas,were uncovered in employing the metagenomic approach.In addition,the taxonomic and functional compositions of microbes were compared among various sediment core depths.Results showing the compositions,diversities,and functions of the microbial communities showed no significant variations with sea areas,and significant seasonal variations was observed in station 3500-7 only on functions of the microbial communities.Moreover,the compositions,diversities,and functions of the microbial communities changed noticeably in different sediment depths in close correlation with physical and chemical properties of sediments.However,the large fraction of the variation in functional communities remained unexplained.From bioinformatic analysis of the metagenomic data,the carbon-metabolismrelated genes such as glycosyl transferase(GT),glycoside hydrolase(GH),and carbohydrate esterase(CE)genes were rich in the microbial community,especially in the top sediment depth.Additionally,in this N-polluted habitat,nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation(anammox)were dominant in the top sediment depth,whereas dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)and denitrification were dominant in the middle and bottom depth,respectively.Further identification of possible biogeochemical links suggested that Gammaproteobacteria,Alphaproteobacteria,Nitrospirae,Nitrospinae,Chloroflexi,and Methanomicrobia might promote effective circulation of carbon and nitrogen cycling.This study expanded our knowledge about the structure and functional potential of microbial communities associated with different sediment depth,and provided further comprehensive information on element cycles in marine environments.展开更多
In order to improve the bioavailability of lutein(LUT),a novel lutein-stevio side nanoparticle(LUT-STE)were prepared previously,but the information about LUT-STE on protecting of eye health was limited.This study inve...In order to improve the bioavailability of lutein(LUT),a novel lutein-stevio side nanoparticle(LUT-STE)were prepared previously,but the information about LUT-STE on protecting of eye health was limited.This study investigated the effect of LUT-STE on antioxidant activity of H_(2)O_(2)-induced human retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE)cells.LUT and LUT-STE(final concentration of 5μg/mL)significantly enhanced cell viability from(74.84±5.10)%to(81.92±10.01)%(LUT)and(89.33±4.34)%(LUT-STE),and inhibited the cell apoptosis(P<0.05).After pretreatment with LUT-STE in ARPE cells,the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px)in ARPE cells were significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were decreased.In addition,the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)levels were inhibited by 13.61%and 17.39%,respectively,pretreatment with LUT and LUT-STE.Western blotting results showed that the pretreatment with LUT-STE inhibited the expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax pathway to inhibit H_(2)O_(2)-induced apoptosis.In summary,the novel delivery LUT-STE had more pronounced inhibitory effect on H_(2)O_(2)-induced damage in human ARPE cells.展开更多
Illumina sequencing and quantitative PCR(qPCR)based on the 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene were conducted to characterize the vertical distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in the sediments of two sites from...Illumina sequencing and quantitative PCR(qPCR)based on the 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene were conducted to characterize the vertical distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in the sediments of two sites from the South Yellow Sea.Both bacterial and archaeal communities showed a clear stratified distribution with sediment depth.The microbial communities in the upper layers were distinct from those in the deeper layers;the relative abundances of sequences of Thaumarchaeota,Gammaproteobacteria,and Actinobacteria were higher in the upper than in the deeper sediments,whereas the sequences of Bathyarchaeia,Lokiarchaeota,Euryarchaeota,Chloroflexi,and Deltaproteobacteria were relatively more abundant in the deeper sediments.Sediment depth and total organic carbon(TOC)can significantly influence both the bacterial and archaeal communities.Furthermore,bacterial and archaeal groups potentially involved in nitrogen,sulfur,and methane metabolism were detected in both sites.In our study,both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(Nitrospira)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(Candidatus Nitrosopumilus)were responsible for ammonia oxidization.Additionally,sulfur-reducing bacteria SEEP-SRB1 forming consortia with anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea ANME-2 a-2 b were capable of anaerobic methane oxidation(AOM)in the 3400-02 sediment samples.展开更多
Sustainable weed management strategies are essential to reduce chemical and labor inputs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water extracts from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamarck] on seed germination ...Sustainable weed management strategies are essential to reduce chemical and labor inputs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water extracts from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamarck] on seed germination of Ageratum conyzoides L. under controlled conditions. The aqueous was produced from plant parts i.e., roots, stems, and leaves of sweet potato at concentrations of 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 g·mL<sup>-1</sup>. The results showed that the plant parts of sweet potato all contained allelopathic substances, which showed high-concentration inhibition and low-concentration promotion of seed germination of A. conyzoides. When the aqueous extract concentrations were 0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 g·mL<sup>-1</sup>, the germination of A. conyzoides seeds was inhibited, while the germination was promoted at a concentration of 0.025 g·mL<sup>-1</sup>. This shows that when the planting density of sweet potato is large, it can form an obvious prevention and control effect on A. conyzoides, and thus improve herbicide resistance management.展开更多
Temperature and excitation dependent photoluminescence(PL) of InGaN epilayer grown on c-plane Ga N/sapphire template by molecular beam epitaxy(MBE) has been systematically investigated. The emission spectra of the sam...Temperature and excitation dependent photoluminescence(PL) of InGaN epilayer grown on c-plane Ga N/sapphire template by molecular beam epitaxy(MBE) has been systematically investigated. The emission spectra of the sample consisted of strong multiple peaks associated with one stimulated emission(SE) located at 430 nm and two spontaneous emissions(SPE) centered at about 450 nm and 480 nm, indicating the co-existence of shallow and deep localized states.The peak energy of SE exhibiting weak s-shaped variation with increasing temperature revealed the localization effect of excitons. Moreover, an abnormal increase of the SPE intensity with increasing temperature was also observed, which indicated that the carrier transfer between the shallow and deeper localized states exists. Temperature dependent time-resolved PL(TRPL) demonstrated the carrier transfer processes among the localized states. In addition, a slow thermalization of hot carriers was observed in InGaN film by using TRPL and transient differential reflectivity, which is attributed to the phonon bottleneck effect induced by indium aggregation.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42130410,41620104001,41976133)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.202061013)。
文摘Microorganisms in sediments are critical to marine ecosystems.The microbial communities in marine sediments of the Bohai Sea(BS)and Yellow Sea(YS),the eastern Chinese marginal seas,were uncovered in employing the metagenomic approach.In addition,the taxonomic and functional compositions of microbes were compared among various sediment core depths.Results showing the compositions,diversities,and functions of the microbial communities showed no significant variations with sea areas,and significant seasonal variations was observed in station 3500-7 only on functions of the microbial communities.Moreover,the compositions,diversities,and functions of the microbial communities changed noticeably in different sediment depths in close correlation with physical and chemical properties of sediments.However,the large fraction of the variation in functional communities remained unexplained.From bioinformatic analysis of the metagenomic data,the carbon-metabolismrelated genes such as glycosyl transferase(GT),glycoside hydrolase(GH),and carbohydrate esterase(CE)genes were rich in the microbial community,especially in the top sediment depth.Additionally,in this N-polluted habitat,nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation(anammox)were dominant in the top sediment depth,whereas dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)and denitrification were dominant in the middle and bottom depth,respectively.Further identification of possible biogeochemical links suggested that Gammaproteobacteria,Alphaproteobacteria,Nitrospirae,Nitrospinae,Chloroflexi,and Methanomicrobia might promote effective circulation of carbon and nitrogen cycling.This study expanded our knowledge about the structure and functional potential of microbial communities associated with different sediment depth,and provided further comprehensive information on element cycles in marine environments.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174246,51864003)the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources,China(No.202205AG070012)。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31801541)the Independent Innovation Fund Project of Agricultural Science and Technology in Jiangsu Province (CX (22)3065)+1 种基金Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Project of Taizhou (SCG 202105)the Taizhou Science and Technology Support Plan (TN202106)。
文摘In order to improve the bioavailability of lutein(LUT),a novel lutein-stevio side nanoparticle(LUT-STE)were prepared previously,but the information about LUT-STE on protecting of eye health was limited.This study investigated the effect of LUT-STE on antioxidant activity of H_(2)O_(2)-induced human retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE)cells.LUT and LUT-STE(final concentration of 5μg/mL)significantly enhanced cell viability from(74.84±5.10)%to(81.92±10.01)%(LUT)and(89.33±4.34)%(LUT-STE),and inhibited the cell apoptosis(P<0.05).After pretreatment with LUT-STE in ARPE cells,the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px)in ARPE cells were significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were decreased.In addition,the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)levels were inhibited by 13.61%and 17.39%,respectively,pretreatment with LUT and LUT-STE.Western blotting results showed that the pretreatment with LUT-STE inhibited the expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax pathway to inhibit H_(2)O_(2)-induced apoptosis.In summary,the novel delivery LUT-STE had more pronounced inhibitory effect on H_(2)O_(2)-induced damage in human ARPE cells.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC1404402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41620104001,41806131)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.2016ASKJ02)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018M632722)。
文摘Illumina sequencing and quantitative PCR(qPCR)based on the 16 S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene were conducted to characterize the vertical distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in the sediments of two sites from the South Yellow Sea.Both bacterial and archaeal communities showed a clear stratified distribution with sediment depth.The microbial communities in the upper layers were distinct from those in the deeper layers;the relative abundances of sequences of Thaumarchaeota,Gammaproteobacteria,and Actinobacteria were higher in the upper than in the deeper sediments,whereas the sequences of Bathyarchaeia,Lokiarchaeota,Euryarchaeota,Chloroflexi,and Deltaproteobacteria were relatively more abundant in the deeper sediments.Sediment depth and total organic carbon(TOC)can significantly influence both the bacterial and archaeal communities.Furthermore,bacterial and archaeal groups potentially involved in nitrogen,sulfur,and methane metabolism were detected in both sites.In our study,both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(Nitrospira)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(Candidatus Nitrosopumilus)were responsible for ammonia oxidization.Additionally,sulfur-reducing bacteria SEEP-SRB1 forming consortia with anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea ANME-2 a-2 b were capable of anaerobic methane oxidation(AOM)in the 3400-02 sediment samples.
文摘Sustainable weed management strategies are essential to reduce chemical and labor inputs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water extracts from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lamarck] on seed germination of Ageratum conyzoides L. under controlled conditions. The aqueous was produced from plant parts i.e., roots, stems, and leaves of sweet potato at concentrations of 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 g·mL<sup>-1</sup>. The results showed that the plant parts of sweet potato all contained allelopathic substances, which showed high-concentration inhibition and low-concentration promotion of seed germination of A. conyzoides. When the aqueous extract concentrations were 0.050, 0.075, and 0.100 g·mL<sup>-1</sup>, the germination of A. conyzoides seeds was inhibited, while the germination was promoted at a concentration of 0.025 g·mL<sup>-1</sup>. This shows that when the planting density of sweet potato is large, it can form an obvious prevention and control effect on A. conyzoides, and thus improve herbicide resistance management.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0501604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10874127 and 61227902)
文摘Temperature and excitation dependent photoluminescence(PL) of InGaN epilayer grown on c-plane Ga N/sapphire template by molecular beam epitaxy(MBE) has been systematically investigated. The emission spectra of the sample consisted of strong multiple peaks associated with one stimulated emission(SE) located at 430 nm and two spontaneous emissions(SPE) centered at about 450 nm and 480 nm, indicating the co-existence of shallow and deep localized states.The peak energy of SE exhibiting weak s-shaped variation with increasing temperature revealed the localization effect of excitons. Moreover, an abnormal increase of the SPE intensity with increasing temperature was also observed, which indicated that the carrier transfer between the shallow and deeper localized states exists. Temperature dependent time-resolved PL(TRPL) demonstrated the carrier transfer processes among the localized states. In addition, a slow thermalization of hot carriers was observed in InGaN film by using TRPL and transient differential reflectivity, which is attributed to the phonon bottleneck effect induced by indium aggregation.
