基于创造性领域的脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)和功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)研究所积累的证据,探讨创造性思维的认知神经机制。EEG研究证据表明,目前最一致的结论为alpha频段能量对创造力的敏...基于创造性领域的脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)和功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)研究所积累的证据,探讨创造性思维的认知神经机制。EEG研究证据表明,目前最一致的结论为alpha频段能量对创造力的敏感性,可能反映创造力思维产生过程中自上而下的认知控制,以及对特定记忆的提取加工。fMRI研究证据表明:在脑区层次,创造性思维主要涉及前额叶、颞叶以及后部顶叶皮层;在神经网络层次,主要涉及认知控制网络(cognitive control network,CCN)、默认网络(default mode network,DMN)以及两者神经网络的功能耦合。根据现有研究结果,未来研究应聚焦在以下几个方面:(1)加强整合分析创造性EEG和fMRI研究结果,建立脑-心理-行为理论模型;(2)密切关注社会文化对创造力研究外部效度的影响;(3)结合EEG、fMRI以及近红外光谱(near infrared spectrum instrument,NIRS)成像等多种手段,系统深入地探究创造性思维的认知神经机制。展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to improve the quality and growth rate of native yellow cattle in Wenzhou.[Method]Three groups of cattle were subjected to artificial insemination using frozen semen from Wagyu bull.The groups...[Objective]The paper was to improve the quality and growth rate of native yellow cattle in Wenzhou.[Method]Three groups of cattle were subjected to artificial insemination using frozen semen from Wagyu bull.The groups consisted of 20 native yellow cattle,20 Angus catle,and 20 Luxi yellow cattle.The heifers were subsequently evaluated for body size and body weight,and underwent treatment with estrus synchronization,artificial insemination,and early pregnancy diagnosis.[Result]The mean body size and body weight of native yellow cattle were found to be significantly lower than those of Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle(P<0.05).The estrus synchronization rate and mating rate of native yellow cattle were both 100%,while the corresponding rates for Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle were 90%and 95%,respectively.The ultrasound examination conducted on the 32m day following the mating revealed a distinct image of gestation sac,which,when considered alongside the findings of the rectal examination,may be indicative of pregnancy.The conception rates were 75%,72%,and 74%for native yllow cattle,Angus cattle,and Luxi yellow cattle,respectively.[Conclusion]The reproductive performance of native beef cattle is relatively superior.展开更多
目的了解战斗机飞行员颈椎功能、核心稳定性及力量,明确颈痛和无颈痛飞行员颈椎功能和核心稳定性及力量的差异。方法 2020年10月-12月采用双盲设计对空军某部现役战斗机飞行员的颈椎功能、核心稳定性及核心力量进行测试,同时测量颈深屈...目的了解战斗机飞行员颈椎功能、核心稳定性及力量,明确颈痛和无颈痛飞行员颈椎功能和核心稳定性及力量的差异。方法 2020年10月-12月采用双盲设计对空军某部现役战斗机飞行员的颈椎功能、核心稳定性及核心力量进行测试,同时测量颈深屈肌面积及腹横肌、多裂肌的厚度。并依据最近3个月内有无颈痛分为颈痛组和无颈痛组,对两组飞行员的颈椎功能、核心稳定性及核心力量、颈深屈肌及腹横肌耐力进行对比分析。结果共纳入38例飞行员,颈痛组和无颈痛组的年龄、体质量指数、服役年限、飞行年限、总飞行时长和周飞行时长差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组飞行员颈椎活动度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无颈痛组的颈屈曲肌力[(15.5±4.9)vs.(12.1±3.0)N]和颈屈曲/颈伸展肌力比值(0.6±0.1 vs. 0.5±0.1)高于颈痛组(P<0.05),其余颈部浅层肌肉肌力指标两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。颈痛组的颈深屈肌耐力平均值[25.36 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]优于无颈痛组(17.11 mm Hg)(P=0.026)。两组的腹横肌耐力各测试值构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无颈痛组的左髋内旋肌力[(11.9±2.6)vs.(10.0±2.1)N]和左髋外旋肌力[(13.7±2.2)vs.(11.9±2.0)N]高于颈痛组(P<0.05),其余髋关节肌肉肌力两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。颈痛组的右侧腹横肌厚度[(1.1±0.3)vs.(0.8±0.3)cm]高于无颈痛组(P<0.05),两组飞行员的左侧腹横肌厚度、颈深屈肌横截面积和腰多裂肌厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论有颈痛的战斗机飞行员存在颈浅层屈肌肌力和左髋内旋、外旋肌力降低、颈浅层屈肌与伸肌肌力失衡。增强颈浅层屈肌肌力、改善颈浅层屈肌与伸肌平衡、增强髋内旋和外旋肌肌力或许有助于防治颈痛的发生。展开更多
基金Supported by Wenzhou Science and Technology Commissioner Special Project(X2023070)Science and Technology Program Project of Taishun County(2023TSXM0028)Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation-Jointly Guided Project(LH2022C092).
文摘[Objective]The paper was to improve the quality and growth rate of native yellow cattle in Wenzhou.[Method]Three groups of cattle were subjected to artificial insemination using frozen semen from Wagyu bull.The groups consisted of 20 native yellow cattle,20 Angus catle,and 20 Luxi yellow cattle.The heifers were subsequently evaluated for body size and body weight,and underwent treatment with estrus synchronization,artificial insemination,and early pregnancy diagnosis.[Result]The mean body size and body weight of native yellow cattle were found to be significantly lower than those of Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle(P<0.05).The estrus synchronization rate and mating rate of native yellow cattle were both 100%,while the corresponding rates for Angus cattle and Luxi yellow cattle were 90%and 95%,respectively.The ultrasound examination conducted on the 32m day following the mating revealed a distinct image of gestation sac,which,when considered alongside the findings of the rectal examination,may be indicative of pregnancy.The conception rates were 75%,72%,and 74%for native yllow cattle,Angus cattle,and Luxi yellow cattle,respectively.[Conclusion]The reproductive performance of native beef cattle is relatively superior.
文摘目的了解战斗机飞行员颈椎功能、核心稳定性及力量,明确颈痛和无颈痛飞行员颈椎功能和核心稳定性及力量的差异。方法 2020年10月-12月采用双盲设计对空军某部现役战斗机飞行员的颈椎功能、核心稳定性及核心力量进行测试,同时测量颈深屈肌面积及腹横肌、多裂肌的厚度。并依据最近3个月内有无颈痛分为颈痛组和无颈痛组,对两组飞行员的颈椎功能、核心稳定性及核心力量、颈深屈肌及腹横肌耐力进行对比分析。结果共纳入38例飞行员,颈痛组和无颈痛组的年龄、体质量指数、服役年限、飞行年限、总飞行时长和周飞行时长差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组飞行员颈椎活动度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无颈痛组的颈屈曲肌力[(15.5±4.9)vs.(12.1±3.0)N]和颈屈曲/颈伸展肌力比值(0.6±0.1 vs. 0.5±0.1)高于颈痛组(P<0.05),其余颈部浅层肌肉肌力指标两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。颈痛组的颈深屈肌耐力平均值[25.36 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]优于无颈痛组(17.11 mm Hg)(P=0.026)。两组的腹横肌耐力各测试值构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无颈痛组的左髋内旋肌力[(11.9±2.6)vs.(10.0±2.1)N]和左髋外旋肌力[(13.7±2.2)vs.(11.9±2.0)N]高于颈痛组(P<0.05),其余髋关节肌肉肌力两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。颈痛组的右侧腹横肌厚度[(1.1±0.3)vs.(0.8±0.3)cm]高于无颈痛组(P<0.05),两组飞行员的左侧腹横肌厚度、颈深屈肌横截面积和腰多裂肌厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论有颈痛的战斗机飞行员存在颈浅层屈肌肌力和左髋内旋、外旋肌力降低、颈浅层屈肌与伸肌肌力失衡。增强颈浅层屈肌肌力、改善颈浅层屈肌与伸肌平衡、增强髋内旋和外旋肌肌力或许有助于防治颈痛的发生。
