基于ARMv8架构的面向机器翻译的单精度浮点通用矩阵乘法优化

针对使用ARM处理器的移动智能设备执行神经网络推理计算效率不高的问题,提出了一套基于ARMv8架构的单精度浮点通用矩阵乘法(SGEMM)算法优化方案。首先,确定ARMv8架构的处理器执行SGEMM算法的计算效率受限于向量化计算单元使用方案、指令流水线和缓存未命中的发生概率;其次,针对三点导致计算效率受限的原因实现向量指令内联汇编、数据重排和数据预取三条优化技术;最后,根据语音方向的神经网络中常见的三种矩阵模式设计测试实验,实验中使用RK3399硬件平台运行程序。实验结果表示:方阵模式下单核计算速度为10.23 GFLOPS,达到实测浮点峰值的78.2%;在细长矩阵模式下单核计算速度为6.35 GFLOPS,达到实测浮点峰值的48.1%;在连续小矩阵模式下单核计算速度为2.53 GFLOPS,达到实测浮点峰值19.2%。将优化后的SGEMM算法部署到语音识别神经网络程序中,程序的实际语音识别速度取得了显著提高。

Waste biomass from production process co-firing with coal in a steam boiler to reduce fossil fuel consumption:A case study

Waste biomass is always generated during the production process in industries. The ordinary way to get rid of the waste biomass is to send them to landfill or burn it in the open field. The waste may potentially be used for co-firing with coal to save fossil fuel consumption and also reduce net carbon emissions. In this case study, the bio-waste from a Nicotiana Tahacum （NT） pre-treatment plant is used as the biomass to co-fire with coal. The samples of NT wastes were analysed. It was found that the wastes were of the relatively high energy content which were suitable for co-firing with coal. To investigate the potential and benefits for adding NT wastes to a Fluidised Bed Combustion （FBC） boiler in the plant, detailed modelling and simulation are carried out using the European Coal Liquefaction Process Simulation and Evaluation （ECLIPSE） process simulation package. The feedstock blending ratios of NT waste to coal studied in this work are varied from 0% to 30%. The results show that the addition of NT wastes may decrease the emissions of CO2 and SOx without reducing the boiler performance.

Surface passivation in n-type silicon and its application in silicon drift detector

Based on the surface passivation of n-type silicon in a silicon drift detector(SDD), we propose a new passivation structure of SiO2/Al2O3/SiO2 passivation stacks. Since the SiO2 formed by the nitric-acid-oxidation-of-silicon(NAOS)method has good compactness and simple process, the first layer film is formed by the NAOS method. The Al2O3 film is also introduced into the passivation stacks owing to exceptional advantages such as good interface characteristic and simple process. In addition, for requirements of thickness and deposition temperature, the third layer of the SiO2 film is deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD). The deposition of the SiO2 film by PECVD is a low-temperature process and has a high deposition rate, which causes little damage to the device and makes the SiO2 film very suitable for serving as the third passivation layer. The passivation approach of stacks can saturate dangling bonds at the interface between stacks and the silicon substrate, and provide positive charge to optimize the field passivation of the n-type substrate.The passivation method ultimately achieves a good combination of chemical and field passivations. Experimental results show that with the passivation structure of SiO2/Al2O3/SiO2, the final minority carrier lifetime reaches 5223 μs at injection of 5×10^(15) cm^(-3). When it is applied to the passivation of SDD, the leakage current is reduced to the order of nA.

Localizing and Characterizing Colloidal Particles Scattering Using Lens-free Holographic Microscopy

Lens-free holographic microscopy could achieve both improved resolution and field of view(FOV), which has huge potential applications in biomedicine, fluid mechanics and soft matter physics. Unfortunately, due to the limited sensor pixel size, target objects could not be located to a satisfactory level. Recent studies have shown that electromagnetic scattering can be fitted to digital holograms to obtain the 3 D positions of isolated colloidal spheres with nanometer precision and millisecond temporal resolution. Here, we describe a lens-free holographic imaging technique that fits multi-sphere superposition scattering to digital holograms to obtain in situ particle position and model parameters: size and refractive index of colloidal spheres. We show that the proposed method can be utilized to analyze the location and character of colloidal particles under large FOV with high density.

LLR calculation for LDPC coded SCBT in 60 GHz WPAN

The single-carrier block transmission（SCBT）,a.k.a.,single-carrier frequency-domain equalization（SC-FDE）,is being considered as an option technique for the wireless personal area network（WPAN） operating at 60 GHz.It is found that for residential environment,in non-line-of-sight（NLOS） multi-path channels,the SCBT is much more effective to combat the inter-symbol interference（ISI） compared with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing（OFDM）.Low-density parity-check（LDPC） codes are a class of linear block codes which provide near capacity performance on a large collection of data transmission and storage channels while simultaneously admitting implementable decoders.To facilitate using LDPC codes for SCBT system,a new log-likelihood ratio（LLR） calculation method is proposed based on pilot symbols（PS）.Golay Sequences whose sum autocorrelation has a unique peak and zero sidelobe are used for creating the PS.The position and length of the PS are not fixed in the data blocks.The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the LDPC decoding performance in SCBT system.This is very promising to support ultra high-data-rate wireless transmission.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of neddle knife at acupoints selected from recent regions along meridians and according to anatomical structures in treating early and middle stage knee osteoarthritis

Objective:To stimulate tenderness points around knee joint in two metholds-corresponding acupoints selected from recent regions along meridians and anatomical structures,to compare the clinical efficacy of neddle knife of to cure early and middle stage knee osteoarthritis.Method:70 patients were randomly(Random Number Tables)divided into test group(acupoints selected from recent regions along meridians,n=35)and control group(anatomical structures,n=35),who were diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis.Observe the VAS(visual analogue scale),Lysholm,WOMAC(the Western Ontario and McMaster Unive rsities Osteoarthritis Index)and ROM(rang of motion)between two groups in first week,first month,third month after treatment.Recording the degree of improvement of knee joint’s pain,dysfunction and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rang of motion.Results:Within groups,the VAS,Lysholm,WOMAC and ROM were obviously different from pre-therapy scores in the third,sixth and twelfth week post-therapy(P<0.05).Between groups no significant difference were observed in the third week post-therapy about VAS,Lysholm,WOMAC scores(P>0.05).However,there were differences in the sixth,twelfth weeks post-therapy(P<0.05);compared with control group,the ROM of test group were difference in the third,sixth,twelfth weeks post-therapy(P<0.05).Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of stimulating corresponding acupoints tenderness points selected from recent regions along meridians to treat early and middle stage knee osteoarthritis was superior to anatomical structures,which can effectively relieve pain,dysfunction,symptoms of osteoarthritis of knee joint and rang of motion.

Efficacy and safety of low dose compound betamethasone in the treatment of mild knee osteoarthritis

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of intra-articular injection of low-dose compound betamethasone in the treatment of mild knee osteoarthritis.Methods:From September 2018 to December 2019,90 patients with mild knee osteoarthritis were divided into complete dose group and low dose group according to the treatment sequence,45 cases in each group.The complete dose group was treated with intra-artiular injection of betamethasone(1ml)and sodium hyaluronate(2ml),once a week,three times as a course of treatment.The low dose group was treated with intra-artiular injection of betamethasone(0.3ml)and sodium hyaluronate(2ml),once a week,three times as a course of treatment.Lysholm scores、the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)and visual analogue scale(VAS)were compared between the two groups before and after treatment,and the efficacy and safety of the two groups were evaluated.Results:80 patients were followed up with an average of(4.96±1.50)months ranging from 3 to 8 months,and 10 cases(11.11%)were dropped out,including 2 cases in the complete dose group,2 cases in the midway withdrawal group,and 1 case in the treatment course less than the treatment course;3 cases in the low dose group lost the follow-up,and 2 cases dropped out.Compared with that before treatment,Lysholm scores were significantly improved,WOMAC scores and VAS scores were significantly decreased in the two groups at 3 weeks,6 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment(P<0.001).The Lysholm scores of low dose group were78.10±2.16,86.78±2.55,80.90±2.26,WOMAC scores were 61.00±1.38,39.03±1.98,45.76±1.66 and VAS scores were 2.23±0.89,0.78±0.73 and 1.05±0.85 in low dose group at 3 weeks,6 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).No drugrelated adverse reactions occurred in both groups.Conclusion:The curative effect of low dose compound betamethasone intra-articular injection in the treatment of mild knee osteoarthritis is equivalent to that of complete dose compound betamethasone.It can improve the function and symptoms of knee joint,and is safe and effective.

Application of 3D printed patient-specific instrumentation in distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and advantages of 3D printed patient-specific instrumentation(PSI)assisted distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.Methods:75 patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis were included in the study performed DTT-HTO in our hospital from August 2017 to August 2019.The patients were divided into the PSI group(n=39)and conventional group(n=36)According to whether PSI was used in surgery.The differences of lateral cortical fracture rate,time of intraoperative X-ray exposure,intraoperative blood loss,operative time,weight bearing line(WBL),Posterior tibial slope(PTS)and Caton-Deschamps index(CDI)were compared between the two groups.Visual analogue scale(VAS)scores and Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS)scores were recorded to evaluate knee pain and function before surgery and after surgery at 3 months and 12 months.Results:All 75 patients were followed up for more than 12 months,the ranged from 12-26(18.74±6.21)months.Three lateral cortical fractures in the conventional group and no fracture in PSI group.The lateral cortical fracture rate,time of intraoperative X-ray exposure,intraoperative blood loss,operative time in PSI group were lower than those in conventional group(p敿0.05).WBL in two groups were significantly improved after surgery(p敿0.05),and PTS,CDI were no statistically improved after surgery(p>0.05).While there was no statistically significant difference with WBL,PTS and CDI between two groups(p>0.05).At 1 months,3 months and 12 months after surgery;VAS and HSS scores in both groups were significantly improved compared with that before surgery(p0.05),and were no statistically significant difference between two groups.Conclusion:3D printed patient-specific instrumentation assisted DTT-HTO has significant clinical efficacy,and effectively standardized surgical procedures,meanwhile reduced the time of intraoperative X-ray exposure,intraoperative blood loss and risk of lateral cortical fracture.

Expression changes of Akt and GSK-3β during vascular inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet in rats

Aim: To observe the expression changes of Akt and GSK-3β during vascular inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet in rats. Methods: 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats were separately fed for 18 weeks with two types of diets;a normal diet (control group, CON) or high-fat diet hyperlipidmia group, HLP). Then the body weight, lipid parameter, plasma hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) , malondialdehyde (MDA), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), Lectin-like oxidized cellulose low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), as well as aortic endothelial p-GSK-3β, GSK-3β, p-Akt, Akt expressions were determined. Results: In comparison with the control group, the model group showed a significant increase in the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) and significant decrease in the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) after high-fat diet for 18 weeks (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Meanwhile, a more obvious increase of plasma HGF, LOX-1 and serum MDA, TNF-α, and sICAM-1 levels were observed relative to the control group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, high-fat diet significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β in rat aorta. Conclusion: Short-term high-fat diet could induce vascular endothelium injury by increasing inflammation and oxidative stress. And PI3K/Akt pathway could play an important role in hyperlipidemia-induced vascular endothelium injury.

Innovations in the diagnosis and management of uveitis: promising research to address unmet patient needs

Uveitis,or inflammation of the uveal tissues(iris,ciliary body and the choroid),and its contiguous structures,can lead to severe visual impairment and is among the leading causes of vision impairment worldwide(1).In clinical practice,specialists in uveitis and ocular immunology are called upon to manage a range of uveitis syndromes-infectious disease,noninfectious autoimmune conditions,and masquerade syndromes such as lymphoma.Moreover,ophthalmologists of all subspecialties(i.e.,medical and surgical retina,corneal surgeons,orbital/oculoplastic surgeons,and comprehensive ophthalmologists)are called upon to manage uveitis syndromes,emphasizing clear importance to understanding common uveitis syndromes,diagnostic workups,and the state-of-the-art in uveitis and ocular inflammation care.

Effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer on immune status and CRP in patients

Objective: To investigate the effect of laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer on the immune status and CRP. Methods: A total of 90 patients with colorectal cancer treated in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2017 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, each with 45 cases. The observation group received laparoscopic surgery, while the control group was given open surgery. The changes of immune indexes and CRP in two groups before and after 3 d and after 7 d were compared. Results: (1) In the control group, the postoperative 3 d and postoperative 7 d, CRP index were (7.87±2.01) mg/dL, (2.81±1.03) mg/dL, the observation group postoperative 3 d and postoperative 7 d, CRP index were (7.01±1.33) mg/dL, (1.59±0.81) mg/dL, compared with before treatment, the difference was statistically significant. The CRP in the observation group postoperative 7 d were significantly lower than those in the control group at the same time period, the difference was significant. The IgM and IgG index level of control group postoperative 3 d respectively (137.04±23.46) IU/mL and (114.36±27.18) IU/mL, compared with preoperative and observation group postoperative 3 d index level (163.07±30.19) IU/mL, (130.24±31.16) IU/mL decreased significantly, the difference was significant. (2) The control group postoperative 3 d CD4+and CD8+index level were respectively (0.49±0.05)×109/L, (0.29±0.08)×109/L. CD8+index level of 7 d after operation was (0.31±0.10)×109/L, which were significantly decreased than 1 d before operation and significantly lower than the same period of observation group indicator level (0.59±0.09)×109/L, (0.35±0.11)×109/L, (0.37±0.12)×109/L, the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has less influence on the immune function of patients, and has less inflammatory and stress damage, so it is worthy of clinical application.

区域场地土壤跨介质污染物多源清单:中国场地土壤污染防治的新策略

China has experienced rapid economic development and industrialization during the past four decades,leading to widespread distribution of various types of industrial facilities[1].With the understanding of soil contamination induced by industrial sites and rapid urbanization,abandoned industrial sites are generally reclassified for urban land[2].The remained brownfield sites(the sites of abandoned,idle,or under used industrial and commercial facilities where expansion or redevelopment is hindered by environmental contamination)exhibit great health risks to the residents due to that pollutants were continuously discharged intothe surrounding environments[3].

保膝截骨术在中国的发展

With the growth of the aging population, the number of patients with osteoarthritis has been increasing each year in China.The estimated overall incidence of osteoarthritis is approximately8% [1], with nearly 100 million people in China having osteoarthritis. Most cases involve osteoarthritis of the knee. Therefore, how to effectively treat knee osteoarthritis(KOA) is not only a medical problem but also a social one.

Effects of manganese substitution on magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of Tb_(0.5)Dy_(0.5)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_(x))_(1.92)/epoxy composites with spherical single-crystal particles

Spherical Tb_(0.5)Dy_(0.5)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_(x))_(1.92)(x=0,0.05,0.10 and 0.15)single-crystal particles were prepared.The magnetic anisotropy of the alloy decreases as x increases from 0 to 0.15.Subsequently,we prepared giant magnetostrictive composites with these spherical Tb_(0.5)Dy_(0.5)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_(x))_(1.92)single-crystal particles.As a consequence,well<111>-orie nted Tb_(0.5)Dy_(0.5)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_(x))_(1.92)composites with 55 vol%Tb_(0.5)Dy_(0.5)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_(x))_(1.92)particles were obtained.The Tb_(0.5)Dy_(0.5)(Fe_(0.9)Mn_(0.1))_(2)composite manifests a good low-field magnetostrictive property and saturation magnetostriction at an axial pressure of 10 MPa,λ_(‖,saturation)≈2100 ppm,which is larger than that of the commercially available Terfenol-D(1400-1800 ppm).The preparation of composites with single crystal spherical powders may be an effective solution of developing high-performance magnetostrictive composites.

Emissions of parent, nitrated, and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from indoor corn straw burning in normal and controlled combustion conditions

Emission factors （EFs） of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （pPAHs）, nitrated PAHs （nPAHs）, and oxygenated PAHs （oPAHs） were measured for indoor corn straw burned in a brick cooking stove under different burning conditions. The EFs of total 28 pPAHs, 6 nPAHs and 4 oPAHs were （7.9 ±3.4）, （6.5 ±1.6）×10^-3, and （6.1 ±1.4）×10^-1mg/kg, respectively. Fuel charge size had insignificant influence on the pollutant emissions. Measured EFs increased significantly in a fast burning due to the oxygen deficient atmosphere formed in the stove chamber. In both restricted and enhanced air supply conditions, the EFs of pPAHs, nPAHs and oPAHs were significantly higher than those measured in normal burning conditions. Though EFs varied among different burning conditions, the composition profiles and calculated isomer ratios were similar, without significant differences. The results from the stepwise regression model showed that fuel burning rate, air supply amount, and modified combustion efficiency were the three most significant influencing factors, explaining 72%-85% of the total variations.

Influence of fuel mass load,oxygen supply and burning rate on emission factor and size distribution of carbonaceous particulate matter from indoor corn straw burning

The uncertainty in emission estimation is strongly associated with the variation in emission factor （EF）,which could be influenced by a variety of factors such as fuel properties,stove type,fire management and even methods used in measurements.The impacts of these factors are complicated and often interact with each other.Controlled burning experiments were conducted to investigate the influences of fuel mass load,air supply and burning rate on the emissions and size distributions of carbonaceous particulate matter （PM） from indoor corn straw burning in a cooking stove.The results showed that the EFs of PM （EFPM）,organic carbon （EFOC） and elemental carbon （EFEC） were independent of the fuel mass load.The differences among them under different burning rates or air supply amounts were also found to be insignificant （p 〉 0.05） in the tested circumstances.PM from the indoor corn straw burning was dominated by fine PM with diameter less than 2.1 μm,contributing 86.4%±3.9% of the total.The size distribution of PM was influenced by the burning rate and air supply conditions.On average,EF PM,EF OC and EF EC for corn straw burned in a residential cooking stove were （3.84±1.02）,（0.846±0.895） and （0.391±0.350） g/kg,respectively.EF PM,EF OC and EF EC were found to be positively correlated with each other （p 〈 0.05）,but they were not significantly correlated with the EF of co-emitted CO,suggesting that special attention should be paid to the use of CO as a surrogate for other incomplete combustion pollutants.

Air pollution and inhalation exposure to particulate matter of different sizes in rural households using improved stoves in central China

Household air pollution is considered to be among the top environmental risks in China.To examine the performance of improved stoves for reduction of indoor particulate matter（PM） emission and exposure in rural households, individual inhalation exposure to size-resolved PM was investigated using personal portable samplers carried by residents using wood gasifier stoves or improved coal stoves in a rural county in Central China.Concentrations of PM with different sizes in stationary indoor and outdoor air were also monitored at paired sites. The stationary concentrations of size-resolved PM in indoor air were greater than those in outdoor air, especially finer particles PM0.25. The daily averaged exposure concentrations of PM0.25, PM1.0, PM2.5 and total suspended particle for all the surveyed residents were 74.4 ± 41.1, 159.3 ± 74.3, 176.7 ± 78.1 and 217.9 ± 78.1 μg/m3,respectively. Even using the improved stoves, the individual exposure to indoor PM far exceeded the air quality guideline by WHO at 25 μg/m3. Submicron particles PM1.0 were the dominant PM fraction for personal exposure and indoor and outdoor air. Personal exposure exhibited a closer correlation with indoor PM concentrations than that for outdoor concentrations. Both inhalation exposure and indoor air PM concentrations in the rural households with gasifier firewood stoves were evidently lower than the reported results using traditional firewood stoves. However, local governments in the studied rural areas should exercise caution when widely and hastily promoting gasifier firewood stoves in place of improved coal stoves, due to the higher PM levels in indoor and outdoor air and personal inhaled exposure.

Soil microbiomes divergently respond to heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated industrial sites

Contaminated sites from electronic waste(e-waste)dismantling and coking plants feature high concentrations of heavy metals(HMs)and/or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in soil.Mixed contamination(HMsþPAHs)hinders land reclamation and affects the microbial diversity and function of soil microbiomes.In this study,we analyzed HM and PAH contamination from an e-waste dismantling plant and a coking plant and evaluated the influences of HM and PAH contamination on soil microbiomes.It was noticed that HMs and PAHs were found in all sites,although the major contaminants of the e-waste dismantling plant site were HMs(such as Cu at 5,947.58±433.44 mg kg^(-1),Zn at 4,961.38±436.51 mg kg^(-1),and Mn at 2,379.07±227.46 mg kg^(-1)),and the major contaminants of the coking plant site were PAHs(such as fluorene at 11,740.06±620.1 mg kg^(-1),acenaphthylene at 211.69±7.04 mg kg^(-1),and pyrene at 183.14±18.89 mg kg^(-1)).The microbiomes(diversity and abundance)of all sites were determined via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes,and redundancy analysis was conducted to investigate the relations between soil microbiomes and contaminants.The results showed that the microbiomes of the contaminated sites divergently responded to HMs and PAHs.The abundances of the bacterial genera Sulfuritalea,Pseudomonas,and Sphingobium were positively related to PAHs,while the abundances of the bacterial genera Bryobacter,Nitrospira,and Steroidobacter were positively related to HMs.This study promotes an understanding of how soil microbiomes respond to single and mixed contamination with HMs and PAHs.

N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide/N-hydroxysuccinimide ester(BSA/NHS) as coupling agents for dipeptide synthesis

A method using N,O-bis（trimethylsilyl）acetamide/N-hydroxysuccinimide ester（BSA/NHS） as coupling agents for dipeptide synthesis is descried. The coupling reaction between N-hydroxysuccinimide（NHS）esters and amines could be performed under mild conditions with N,O-bis（trimethylsilyl）acetamide（BSA） as coupling reagent and no additional acid/base is required. All byproducts and excessive reactants are water soluble or hydrolysable and easy to eliminate through water-washing at the purification stage.Moreover, all the reactants are inexpensive and widely used in conventional drug production.

A highly efficient way to recycle inactive stereoisomers of Bedaquiline into two previous intermediates via base-catalyzed C_(sp3)–C_(sp3) bond cleavage

Bedaquiline is a new medicine for pulmonary multi-drug resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB）, which is a pure enantiomer with two chiral centers. The current industrial preparation process requires the separation of active Bedaquiline from a mixture of four isomers. Obviously, direct dispose of the other three undesired stereoisomers will cause significant waste and increase the unnecessary cost of production. Here, we developed an efficient, facile and scalable process for recycling the inactive stereoisomers of Bedaquiline. All these inactive stereoisomers could be recycled by their conversion to two important intermediates in the Bedaquiline synthesis via a base-catalyzed Csp3-Csp3 bond cleavage of a benzyl alcohol intermediate. And the precise conditions and mechanism of the base-catalyzed cleavage reaction were discussed.