Ultra-high-purity silicon tetrachloride(SiCl4)is demanded as an electronic-grade chemical to meet the stringent requirements of the rapidly developing semiconductor industry.The high requirement for ultra-high-purity ...Ultra-high-purity silicon tetrachloride(SiCl4)is demanded as an electronic-grade chemical to meet the stringent requirements of the rapidly developing semiconductor industry.The high requirement for ultra-high-purity SiCl4 has created the need for a high-efficient process for reducing energy consumption as well as satisfying product quality.In this paper,a mass of production technology of ultra-high-purity SiCl4 was successfully developed through chlorination reaction in the ultraviolet(UV)-based photo microreactor coupled with the distillation process.The influences of key operational parameters,including temperature,pressure,UV wavelength and light intensity on the product quality,especially for hydrogen-containing impurities,were quantified by the infrared transmittance of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)at 2185 cm^-1and 2160 cm^-1indicating that chara cteristic vib rational modes of Si-H bonds,as well as the operating conditions of distillation were also investigated as key factors for metal impurities removing.The advanced intensification of SiCl4 manufactured by the integration of photo microreactor and distillation achieves the products with superior specifications higher than the standard commercial products.展开更多
Diamond anvil cells combined with Raman spectroscopy and angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction(ADXRD) were used to investigate the compression behavior of cinchomeronic acid(C_7H_5NO_4, CA), a hydrogen-bonded polymorphs....Diamond anvil cells combined with Raman spectroscopy and angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction(ADXRD) were used to investigate the compression behavior of cinchomeronic acid(C_7H_5NO_4, CA), a hydrogen-bonded polymorphs. The compression of form-I at approximately 6.5 GPa caused an irreversible phase transition that produced the new polymorph form-III. Lattice and internal modes in the Raman spectra were analyzed to determine the modifications in the local environment of CA form-I molecules. The form-III was indexed and refined to a low-symmetry triclinic structure with space group P1. The mechanism for the phase transition involved the reconstructions in the hydrogen-bonded networks in CA form-I.展开更多
Technology advancement and the global tendency to use renewable energy in distributed generation units in the distribution network have been proposed as sources of energy supply.Despite the complexity of their protect...Technology advancement and the global tendency to use renewable energy in distributed generation units in the distribution network have been proposed as sources of energy supply.Despite the complexity of their protection,as well as the operation of distributed generation resources in the distribution network,factors such as improving reliability,increasing production capacity of the distribution network,stabilizing the voltage of the distribution network,reducing peak clipping losses,as well as economic and environmental considerations,have expanded the influence of distributed generation(DG)resources in the distribution network.The location of DG sources and their capacity are the key factors in the effectiveness of distributed generation in the voltage stability of distribution systems.Nowadays,along with the scattered production sources of electric vehicles with the ability to connect to the network,due to having an energy storage system,they are known as valuable resources that can provide various services to the power system.These vehicles can empower the grid or be used as a storage supply source when parked and connected to the grid.This paper introduces and studies a two-stage planning framework for the concurrent management of many electric vehicles and distributed generation resources with private ownership.In the first stage,the aim is to increase the profit of electric vehicles and distributed generation sources;finally,the purpose is to reduce operating costs.The proposed scheduling framework is tested on a distribution network connected to bus 5 of the RBTS sample network.Besides distributed generation sources and electric vehicles,we integrate time-consistent load management into the system.Due to distributed generation sources such as photovoltaic systems and wind turbines and the studied design in the modeling,we use the Taguchi TOAT algorithm to generate and reduce the scenario to ensure the uncertainty in renewable energy.MATLAB software is used to solve the problem and select the optimal answer.展开更多
The area around Cangshan Mountain, located on the southeastern fringes of the Tibetan Plateau, is a key region in terms of revealing the processes involved in the uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau, plus its environment...The area around Cangshan Mountain, located on the southeastern fringes of the Tibetan Plateau, is a key region in terms of revealing the processes involved in the uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau, plus its environmental effects. Based on systemic field and laboratory work, this study uncovers the step-like geomorphologic structure, characteristics and processes revealed in the Cangshan Mountain area, to argue for the formation and development of the Quaternary glaciation there. The results indicate that there were two paleo-glaciations in the area, which were the early and late Dali Glaciations, and that these occurred during the time periods 5.76 × 104 aBP and 1.6 × 104 aBP respectively, being the southernmost paleo-glaciations to have taken place in China. Two step-like paleo-planation surfaces were formed vertically at the mountain (that is, at the summit of Cangshan, which is 3800 to 4000 m above sea level (a.s.l) in height;and at the paleo-glacial and peri-glacial active zones: 3700 to 3900 m a.s.l. in height). Meanwhile three widespread erosion surfaces can be identified at about 2900 to 3500 m, 3000 to 3100 m and 2450 to 2550 m a.s.l. in height;three fluvial fans developed on the landform at about 2250 to 2200 m, 2200 to 2150 m and 2150 to 2100 m a.s.l. in height respectively, and lacustrine relief developed surrounding the Erhai Lake.展开更多
Vascular regeneration and patency maintenance,without anticoagulant administration,represent key developmental trends to enhance small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVG)performance.In vivo engineered autologous biotubes h...Vascular regeneration and patency maintenance,without anticoagulant administration,represent key developmental trends to enhance small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVG)performance.In vivo engineered autologous biotubes have emerged as SDVG candidates with pro-regenerative properties.However,mechanical failure coupled with thrombus formation hinder translational prospects of biotubes as SDVGs.Previously fabricated poly(ε-caprolactone)skeleton-reinforced biotubes(PBs)circumvented mechanical issues and achieved vascular regeneration,but orally administered anticoagulants were required.Here,highly efficient and biocompatible functional modifications were introduced to living cells on PB lumens.The 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy(DMPE)-PEG-conjugated anti-coagulant bivalirudin(DPB)and DMPE-PEG-conjugated endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)-binding TPS-peptide(DPT)modifications possessed functionality conducive to promoting vascular graft patency.Co-modification of DPB and DPT swiftly attained luminal saturation without influencing cell viability.DPB repellent of non-specific proteins,DPB inhibition of thrombus formation,and DPB protection against functional masking of DPT’s EPC-capture by blood components,which promoted patency and rapid endothelialization in rat and canine artery implantation models without anticoagulant administration.This strategy offers a safe,facile,and fast technical approach to convey additional functionalization to living cells within tissue-engineered constructs.展开更多
目的采用网状Meta分析评价不同非药物戒烟干预措施对肺癌筛查高危人群戒烟的疗效。方法对Pubmed、Medline(Ovid)、PsycINFO、中文期刊网全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库进行检索,检索期限均从2010年01月至2020年09月公开发表...目的采用网状Meta分析评价不同非药物戒烟干预措施对肺癌筛查高危人群戒烟的疗效。方法对Pubmed、Medline(Ovid)、PsycINFO、中文期刊网全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库进行检索,检索期限均从2010年01月至2020年09月公开发表的随机对照临床试验。按照纳排标准对检索文献进行筛选,并进行质量评价和提取数据,采用Stata 14.0软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入文献28篇,共纳入34640例高危人群,涉及的干预措施包括5R简短戒烟干预、认知行为疗法、AWARD模式戒烟干预、动机性访谈、网络干预、电话干预、激励机制+电话干预、网络+电话干预、常规治疗和空白对照。网状Meta分析结果显示:在随访6个月的7 d点戒烟率指标上,根据累积曲线下面积(the surface under the cumulative ranking curve,SUCRA)得分排名依次为5R简短戒烟干预(0.88)、认知行为疗法(0.85)、AWARD模式戒烟干预(0.80)、激励机制+电话干预(0.73)、动机性访谈(0.53)、网络+电话干预(0.40)、网络干预(0.37)、电话干预(0.31)、常规治疗(0.13)和空白组(0.03)。在随访12个月的7 d点戒烟率指标上,排名依次为5R简短戒烟干预(0.94)、AWARD模式戒烟干预(0.81)、动机性访谈(0.51)、网络干预(0.40)、电话干预(0.19)和常规治疗(0.14)。结论现有证据表明,无论随访时间长短,5R简短戒烟干预方法对肺癌筛查高危人群戒烟的疗效最好。展开更多
基金financial support from Industry Base Project supported by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(0714-EMTC02-5593/13)Scientific Research and Development of Henan province(174200510014)。
文摘Ultra-high-purity silicon tetrachloride(SiCl4)is demanded as an electronic-grade chemical to meet the stringent requirements of the rapidly developing semiconductor industry.The high requirement for ultra-high-purity SiCl4 has created the need for a high-efficient process for reducing energy consumption as well as satisfying product quality.In this paper,a mass of production technology of ultra-high-purity SiCl4 was successfully developed through chlorination reaction in the ultraviolet(UV)-based photo microreactor coupled with the distillation process.The influences of key operational parameters,including temperature,pressure,UV wavelength and light intensity on the product quality,especially for hydrogen-containing impurities,were quantified by the infrared transmittance of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)at 2185 cm^-1and 2160 cm^-1indicating that chara cteristic vib rational modes of Si-H bonds,as well as the operating conditions of distillation were also investigated as key factors for metal impurities removing.The advanced intensification of SiCl4 manufactured by the integration of photo microreactor and distillation achieves the products with superior specifications higher than the standard commercial products.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11604224,51805336,and 11774120)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials of Jilin University,China(Grant No.201708)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(Grant No.20180550861)the Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(Grant Nos.LJZ2016031 and LJZ2016030)Shenyang Jianzhu University Discipline Content Education,China(Grant Nos.XKHY2-105 and XKHY2-101)
文摘Diamond anvil cells combined with Raman spectroscopy and angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction(ADXRD) were used to investigate the compression behavior of cinchomeronic acid(C_7H_5NO_4, CA), a hydrogen-bonded polymorphs. The compression of form-I at approximately 6.5 GPa caused an irreversible phase transition that produced the new polymorph form-III. Lattice and internal modes in the Raman spectra were analyzed to determine the modifications in the local environment of CA form-I molecules. The form-III was indexed and refined to a low-symmetry triclinic structure with space group P1. The mechanism for the phase transition involved the reconstructions in the hydrogen-bonded networks in CA form-I.
文摘Technology advancement and the global tendency to use renewable energy in distributed generation units in the distribution network have been proposed as sources of energy supply.Despite the complexity of their protection,as well as the operation of distributed generation resources in the distribution network,factors such as improving reliability,increasing production capacity of the distribution network,stabilizing the voltage of the distribution network,reducing peak clipping losses,as well as economic and environmental considerations,have expanded the influence of distributed generation(DG)resources in the distribution network.The location of DG sources and their capacity are the key factors in the effectiveness of distributed generation in the voltage stability of distribution systems.Nowadays,along with the scattered production sources of electric vehicles with the ability to connect to the network,due to having an energy storage system,they are known as valuable resources that can provide various services to the power system.These vehicles can empower the grid or be used as a storage supply source when parked and connected to the grid.This paper introduces and studies a two-stage planning framework for the concurrent management of many electric vehicles and distributed generation resources with private ownership.In the first stage,the aim is to increase the profit of electric vehicles and distributed generation sources;finally,the purpose is to reduce operating costs.The proposed scheduling framework is tested on a distribution network connected to bus 5 of the RBTS sample network.Besides distributed generation sources and electric vehicles,we integrate time-consistent load management into the system.Due to distributed generation sources such as photovoltaic systems and wind turbines and the studied design in the modeling,we use the Taguchi TOAT algorithm to generate and reduce the scenario to ensure the uncertainty in renewable energy.MATLAB software is used to solve the problem and select the optimal answer.
文摘The area around Cangshan Mountain, located on the southeastern fringes of the Tibetan Plateau, is a key region in terms of revealing the processes involved in the uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau, plus its environmental effects. Based on systemic field and laboratory work, this study uncovers the step-like geomorphologic structure, characteristics and processes revealed in the Cangshan Mountain area, to argue for the formation and development of the Quaternary glaciation there. The results indicate that there were two paleo-glaciations in the area, which were the early and late Dali Glaciations, and that these occurred during the time periods 5.76 × 104 aBP and 1.6 × 104 aBP respectively, being the southernmost paleo-glaciations to have taken place in China. Two step-like paleo-planation surfaces were formed vertically at the mountain (that is, at the summit of Cangshan, which is 3800 to 4000 m above sea level (a.s.l) in height;and at the paleo-glacial and peri-glacial active zones: 3700 to 3900 m a.s.l. in height). Meanwhile three widespread erosion surfaces can be identified at about 2900 to 3500 m, 3000 to 3100 m and 2450 to 2550 m a.s.l. in height;three fluvial fans developed on the landform at about 2250 to 2200 m, 2200 to 2150 m and 2150 to 2100 m a.s.l. in height respectively, and lacustrine relief developed surrounding the Erhai Lake.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.H2021405021)the Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.2017102)the Hebei Education Department(Grant No.ZD2019107)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)projects 81921004(D.K.),82127808(D.K.),32222043(K.W.),82250610231(A.C.M.)National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFA1105102(K.W.)+3 种基金Tianjin Natural Science Foundation 20JCYBJC01150(K.W.)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation 18JCZDJC37600(K.W.)NCC Fund NCC2020PY18(K.W.)Tianjin"Project+Team"Key Training Foundation XC202035(K.W.).
文摘Vascular regeneration and patency maintenance,without anticoagulant administration,represent key developmental trends to enhance small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVG)performance.In vivo engineered autologous biotubes have emerged as SDVG candidates with pro-regenerative properties.However,mechanical failure coupled with thrombus formation hinder translational prospects of biotubes as SDVGs.Previously fabricated poly(ε-caprolactone)skeleton-reinforced biotubes(PBs)circumvented mechanical issues and achieved vascular regeneration,but orally administered anticoagulants were required.Here,highly efficient and biocompatible functional modifications were introduced to living cells on PB lumens.The 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy(DMPE)-PEG-conjugated anti-coagulant bivalirudin(DPB)and DMPE-PEG-conjugated endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)-binding TPS-peptide(DPT)modifications possessed functionality conducive to promoting vascular graft patency.Co-modification of DPB and DPT swiftly attained luminal saturation without influencing cell viability.DPB repellent of non-specific proteins,DPB inhibition of thrombus formation,and DPB protection against functional masking of DPT’s EPC-capture by blood components,which promoted patency and rapid endothelialization in rat and canine artery implantation models without anticoagulant administration.This strategy offers a safe,facile,and fast technical approach to convey additional functionalization to living cells within tissue-engineered constructs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41922023,41830428,42173038,41973055,and 42130109)the Research Funds for the Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling(Nanjing University,China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(2022300192).
文摘目的采用网状Meta分析评价不同非药物戒烟干预措施对肺癌筛查高危人群戒烟的疗效。方法对Pubmed、Medline(Ovid)、PsycINFO、中文期刊网全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库进行检索,检索期限均从2010年01月至2020年09月公开发表的随机对照临床试验。按照纳排标准对检索文献进行筛选,并进行质量评价和提取数据,采用Stata 14.0软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入文献28篇,共纳入34640例高危人群,涉及的干预措施包括5R简短戒烟干预、认知行为疗法、AWARD模式戒烟干预、动机性访谈、网络干预、电话干预、激励机制+电话干预、网络+电话干预、常规治疗和空白对照。网状Meta分析结果显示:在随访6个月的7 d点戒烟率指标上,根据累积曲线下面积(the surface under the cumulative ranking curve,SUCRA)得分排名依次为5R简短戒烟干预(0.88)、认知行为疗法(0.85)、AWARD模式戒烟干预(0.80)、激励机制+电话干预(0.73)、动机性访谈(0.53)、网络+电话干预(0.40)、网络干预(0.37)、电话干预(0.31)、常规治疗(0.13)和空白组(0.03)。在随访12个月的7 d点戒烟率指标上,排名依次为5R简短戒烟干预(0.94)、AWARD模式戒烟干预(0.81)、动机性访谈(0.51)、网络干预(0.40)、电话干预(0.19)和常规治疗(0.14)。结论现有证据表明,无论随访时间长短,5R简短戒烟干预方法对肺癌筛查高危人群戒烟的疗效最好。
