Prognostic factors for lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma:a retrospective study in Chinese patients

AIM:To explore the prognostic factors for lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma(LGACC)in Chinese patients.METHODS:Clinical and histopathological data were reviewed in patients with pathologically confirmed LGACC.Local recurrence,metastasis,and disease-specific death were the main outcome measures.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and a Cox proportional hazard model.RESULTS:This retrospective cohort study included 45 patients with pathologically confirmed LGACC between January 2008 and June 2022.Tumor(T)classification(P=0.005),nodal metastasis(N)classification(P=0.018)and positive margin(P=0.008)were independent risk factors of recurrence;T(P=0.013)and N(P=0.003)classification and the basaloid tumor type(P=0.032)were independent risk factors for metastasis;T classification(P<0.001)was an independent factor of death of disease.In the further analysis,the durations from first surgery to radiotherapy is correlated with metastatic risk in LGACC patients with basaloid component(P=0.022).CONCLUSION:Histological subtype should be emphasized when evaluating prognosis and guiding treatment.Timely radiotherapy may reduce the risk of metastasis in patients with basaloid component.

Permeability and heterogeneity adaptability of surfactant-alternating-gas foam for recovering oil from low-permeability reservoirs

As the traditional polymer stabilizer is eliminated to improve the injectability of foam in lowpermeability reservoirs,the stability,plugging capacity,conformance control and oil recovery performance of the surfactant-alternating-gas(SAG)foam become significantly important for determining its adaptability to permeability and heterogeneity,which were focused and experimentally researched in this paper.Results show that the SAG bubbles are highly stable in micron-sized channels and porous media(than in the conventional unconstrained graduated cylinder),making it possible to use in enhanced oil recovery(EOR).Such bubbles formed in porous media could be passively adjusted to match their diameter with the size of the pore.This endows the SAG foam with underlying excellent injectability and deep migration capacity.Permeability adaptability results indicate a reduced plugging capacity,but,increased incremental oil recovery by the SAG foam with decreased permeability.This makes it a good candidate for EOR over a wide range of permeability,however,parallel core floods demonstrate that there is a limiting heterogeneity for SAG application,which is determined to be a permeability contrast of 12.0(for a reservoir containing oil of 9.9 m Pa s).Beyond this limit,the foam would become ineffective.

Severe absence of intra-orbital fat in a patient with orbital venous malformation:A case report

BACKGROUND The orbital venous malformation is quite common in orbital diseases.Clinically,it is usually characterized by proptosis.However,among patients with distensible venous malformations,if the lesions continuously progress,they may induce enlargement of the orbital bone or orbital lipoatrophy,which in turn leads to enophthalmos.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report a patient who presented with enophthalmos and had a severe absence of intra-orbital fat secondary to orbital venous malformation.The patient was a 66-year-old female with a 20-year history of enophthalmos.Hertel exophthalmometry readings in a relaxed upright position were 4 mm OD and 13 mm OS with a 97 mm base.It was determined that she had positional“proptosis”.Physical examination also revealed a bulging mass on her hard palate.Computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed an expansion of the right orbit with local bony defects and multiple soft-tissue masses.CONCLUSION Long-term lack of awareness about the presence of orbital venous malformations,persistent venous congestion could lead to compression of the orbital fat,which in turn induces atrophy or the absence of intra-orbital fat.

Primary exploration of the application of case based learning method in clinical probation teaching of the integrated curriculum of hematology

Objective To explore the application and the effect of the case based learning(CBL)method in clinical probation teaching of the integrated curriculum of hematology among eight-year-program medical students.Methods The CBL method was applied to the experimental group,and the traditional approach for the control group.After the lecture,a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the teaching effect in the two groups.Results The CBL method efficiently increased the students’interest in learning and autonomous learning ability,enhanced their ability to solve clinical problems with basic theoretic knowledge and cultivated their clinical thinking ability.Conclusion The CBL method can improve the quality of clinical probation teaching of the integrated curriculum of hematology among eight-year-program medical students.