The treatment of wheat straw is very difficult,and its utilization rate is very low;accumulation causes air pollution and even fire.To make full use of wheat straw resources,we examined how using different physical an...The treatment of wheat straw is very difficult,and its utilization rate is very low;accumulation causes air pollution and even fire.To make full use of wheat straw resources,we examined how using different physical and chemical methods to treat the wheat straw which can improve its strength abilities,or enhance the activity of wheat straw ash.In terms of concrete additives,it can reduce the amount of cement used.In this paper,we found that alkali treatment can significantly improve the tensile strength of wheat straw fiber,but polyvinyl alcohol treatment has no obvious effect on the strength of wheat straw fiber after alkali treatment.At the same time,we analyzed the wheat straw fiber microstructure through scanning electron microscopy,and we also studied the wheat straw ash chemical composition after 600℃ high-temperature treatment.Through the compressive strength test,we found that the strength of concrete decreases with increasing of wheat straw fiber and wheat straw powder content,and the compressive strength of concrete with wheat straw ash instead of 5%cement decreases little,and the strength of the concrete also decreases with the increasing of wheat straw ash.Through the macroscopic observation of the failure form of concrete,we found that the failure form of concrete with wheat straw ash is similar to that of common concrete,while the failure degree of concrete with wheat straw fiber and wheat straw powder is weakened.Through the scanning electron microscope test of the concrete,it was found that wheat straw fiber has an effect on the cracking of concrete and the inner compactness of concrete can also be affected by adding wheat straw ash and wheat straw powder.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women.Early screening is the best way to improve the rates of early diagnosis and survival of breast cancer patients.The peak onset age for breast cancer in ...Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women.Early screening is the best way to improve the rates of early diagnosis and survival of breast cancer patients.The peak onset age for breast cancer in Chinese women is considerably younger than those in European and American women.It is imperative to develop breast cancer screening guideline that is suitable for Chinese women.By summarizing the current evidence on breast cancer screening in Chinese women,and referring to the latest guidelines and consensus on breast cancer screening in Europe,the United States,and East Asia,the China Anti-Cancer Association and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer(Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital)have formulated population-based guideline for breast cancer screening in Chinese women.The guideline provides recommendations on breast cancer screening for Chinese women at average or high risk of breast cancer according to the following three aspects:age of screening,screening methods,and screening interval.This article provides more detailed information to support the recommendations in this guideline and to provide more direction for current breast cancer screening practices in China.展开更多
A postmenopausal patient with a diagnosis of estrogen receptor(ER)(+), progesterone receptor(PR)(+), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)(-) breast cancer was reported. The patient refused surgery and wa...A postmenopausal patient with a diagnosis of estrogen receptor(ER)(+), progesterone receptor(PR)(+), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)(-) breast cancer was reported. The patient refused surgery and was resistant to conventional chemotherapy regimens. Computed tomography and the circulating tumor cell test indicated that the patient's tumor burden increased rapidly even after several chemotherapy sessions. Multiple genetic aberrances in the phosphatidylinositol3-kinases(PI3 K) signaling pathway were detected via next-generation sequencing(NGS)-based liquid biopsy, including a p. G1007 R missense mutation in exon 21 of PIK3 CA(33.61%), a p.L70 fs frameshift mutation in exon 3 of phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)(49.14%), and a p. D1542 Y missense mutation in exon 32 of mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR)(1.66%). Therefore, only the m TOR inhibitor everolimus was administered to the patient. Partial remission(PR) was observed after 2 months, and sustained stable disease(SD) was observed after a year and a half. Subsequent sequencing showed that the mutation ratio of PIK3 CA decreased to 4.17%, and that the PTEN and m TOR mutations disappeared, which revealed the significant curative effect of everolimus. We report the first case of successful monotherapy treatment using everolimus in a patient with advanced breast cancer bearing mutations in genes involved in the PI3 K/ARK/m TOR signaling pathway. The success of this case highlights the invaluable clinical contribution of NGS-based liquid biopsy, as it successfully provided an optimal therapeutic target for the patient with advanced breast cancer.展开更多
Objective:Fluzoparib(SHR3162)is a novel,potent poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARP)1,2 inhibitor that showed anti-tumor activity in xenograft models.We conducted a phaseⅠ,first-in-human,dose-escalation and expansion(D-E...Objective:Fluzoparib(SHR3162)is a novel,potent poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARP)1,2 inhibitor that showed anti-tumor activity in xenograft models.We conducted a phaseⅠ,first-in-human,dose-escalation and expansion(D-Esc and D-Ex)trial in patients with advanced solid cancer.Methods:This was a 3+3 phaseⅠD-Esc trial with a 3-level D-Ex at 5 hospitals in China.Eligible patients for DEsc had advanced solid tumors refractory to standard therapies,and D-Ex enrolled patients with ovarian cancer(OC).Fluzoparib was administered orally once or twice daily(bid)at 11 dose levels from 10 to 400 mg/d.Endpoints included dose-finding,safety,pharmacokinetics,and antitumor activity.Results:Seventy-nine patients were enrolled from March,2015 to January,2018[OC(47,59.5%);breast cancer(BC)(16,20.3%);colorectal cancer(8,10.1%),other tumors(8,10.1%)];48 patients were treated in the D-Esc arm and 31 in the D-Ex arm.The maximum tolerated dose(MTD)was 150 mg bid,with a half-life of 9.14 h.Grade 3/4 adverse events included anemia(7.6%)and neutropenia(5.1%).The objective response rate(ORR)was 30%(3/10)in patients with platinum-sensitive OC and 7.7%(1/13)in patients with BC.Among patients treated with fluzoparib≥120 mg/d,median progression-free survival(m PFS)was 7.2[95%confidence interval(95%CI),1.8-9.3]months in OC,9.3(95%CI,7.2-9.3)months in platinum-sensitive OC,and 3.5(range,2.0-28.0)months in BC.In patients with germline BC susceptibility gene mutation(g BRCAMut)(11/43 OC;2/16 BC),m PFS was 8.9 months for OC(range,1.0-23.2;95%CI,1.0-16.8)and 14 and 28 months for BC(those two patients both also had somatic BRCAMut).Conclusions:The MTD of fluzoparib was 150 mg bid in advanced solid malignancies.Fluzoparib demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity in BC and OC,particularly in BRCAMut and platinum-sensitive OC.展开更多
Background:Metaplastic breast carcinoma(MBC)is a rare breast cancer subtype;most cases are triple‐negative breast cancers(TNBCs)and are poorly responsive to conventional systemic therapy.Few potential diagnostic and ...Background:Metaplastic breast carcinoma(MBC)is a rare breast cancer subtype;most cases are triple‐negative breast cancers(TNBCs)and are poorly responsive to conventional systemic therapy.Few potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for distinguishing between metaplastic TNBC and nonmetaplastic TNBC have been discovered.We performed bioinformatic analysis to explore the underlying mechanism by which metaplastic TNBC differs from nonmetaplastic TNBC and provides potential pathogenic genes of metaplastic TNBC.Methods:Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in metaplastic tumors and nonmetaplastic tumors from TNBC patients were screened using GSE165407.The GSE76275 data set and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database were used to screen DEGs in TNBC and non‐TNBC.Metascape and DAVID were used for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology(GO)analysis of DEGs.Online databases,including UALCAN,GEPIA,HPA,Breast Cancer Gene‐Expression Miner,and quantitative PCR and western blot,were used to examine KLK5 messenger RNA and protein expression in breast cancer.Analysis of KLK5‑associated genes was performed with TCGA data,and the LinkedOmics database was used to detect the genes co‐expressed with KLK5.STRING(Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes)and Cytoscape were used to screen for hub genes.Kaplan‑Meier plotter was used for survival analysis.Results:KLK5 was identified among the DEGs in nonmetaplastic TNBC and metaplastic TNBC.The KLK5 gene was overexpressed in nonmetaplastic TNBC but downregulated in metaplastic TNBC.KEGG and GO analyses revealed that epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition was a pathogenic mechanism in metaplastic TNBC and an important pathway by which KLK5 and its associated genes DSG1and DSG3 influence metaplastic TNBC progression. Prognosis analysis showedthat only low expression of KLK5 in metaplastic TNBC had clinical significance.Conclusion: Our research indicated that KLK5 may be a pivotal moleculewith a key role in the mechanism of tumorigenesis in metaplastic TNBC.展开更多
Purpose:Breast cancer is now the most common malignant tumor worldwide.About one-fourth of female cancer patients all over the world sufer from breast cancer.And about one in six female cancer deaths worldwide is caus...Purpose:Breast cancer is now the most common malignant tumor worldwide.About one-fourth of female cancer patients all over the world sufer from breast cancer.And about one in six female cancer deaths worldwide is caused by breast cancer.In terms of absolute numbers of cases and deaths,China ranks frst in the world.The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Breast Cancer were edited to help improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in China.Methods:The Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to classify evidence and consensus.Results:The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Breast Cancer include the epidemiology of breast cancer,breast cancer screening,breast cancer diagnosis,early breast cancer treatment,advanced breast cancer treatment,follow-up,rehabilitation,and traditional Chinese medicine treatment of breast cancer patients.Conclusion:We to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in China through the formulation of the CACA Guidelines.展开更多
Purpose:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer.It is still unclear that the mechanisms by which long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)regulates tumorigenesis of TNBC.In this study,we explore...Purpose:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer.It is still unclear that the mechanisms by which long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)regulates tumorigenesis of TNBC.In this study,we explored the function and regulation of lncRNA in TNBC.Methods:The diferentially expressed and overlapped lncRNAs were obtained from two microarray datasets of breast cancer.The cancer genome atlas(TCGA)data was applied to validate the roles of top diferentially expressed lncRNAs.The potential relationship among lncRNAs,miRNAs,and mRNAs and the efects of them on the TNBC tumorigenesis were further explored through multiple bioinformatic methods.Results:Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1351(LINC01351)was frst discovered to play an oncogenic role in TNBC.The highly expressed LINC01351 was signifcantly related to aggressive subtypes,advanced stages and metastasis of breast cancer.The overexpressed LINC01351 was associated with adverse prognosis of patients with TNBC.LINC01351 was found to negatively regulate ELK4 which was involved in the transcriptional regulation in cancer.The high expression of ELK4 showed favorable prognosis of patients with basal-like 1 subtype and luminal androgen receptor subtype of TNBC.Conclusion:The dysregulation of LINC01351 played an important role in triple-negative breast cancer.LINC01351 could be a poor prognostic marker and a potential target for patients with TNBC.展开更多
基金Supported by the Opening Project of Tunnel and Underground Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province (TERC) (2021-SDJJ-08).
文摘The treatment of wheat straw is very difficult,and its utilization rate is very low;accumulation causes air pollution and even fire.To make full use of wheat straw resources,we examined how using different physical and chemical methods to treat the wheat straw which can improve its strength abilities,or enhance the activity of wheat straw ash.In terms of concrete additives,it can reduce the amount of cement used.In this paper,we found that alkali treatment can significantly improve the tensile strength of wheat straw fiber,but polyvinyl alcohol treatment has no obvious effect on the strength of wheat straw fiber after alkali treatment.At the same time,we analyzed the wheat straw fiber microstructure through scanning electron microscopy,and we also studied the wheat straw ash chemical composition after 600℃ high-temperature treatment.Through the compressive strength test,we found that the strength of concrete decreases with increasing of wheat straw fiber and wheat straw powder content,and the compressive strength of concrete with wheat straw ash instead of 5%cement decreases little,and the strength of the concrete also decreases with the increasing of wheat straw ash.Through the macroscopic observation of the failure form of concrete,we found that the failure form of concrete with wheat straw ash is similar to that of common concrete,while the failure degree of concrete with wheat straw fiber and wheat straw powder is weakened.Through the scanning electron microscope test of the concrete,it was found that wheat straw fiber has an effect on the cracking of concrete and the inner compactness of concrete can also be affected by adding wheat straw ash and wheat straw powder.
基金supported by National Key Technology Support Program (Grant No. 2015BAI12B15)
文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women.Early screening is the best way to improve the rates of early diagnosis and survival of breast cancer patients.The peak onset age for breast cancer in Chinese women is considerably younger than those in European and American women.It is imperative to develop breast cancer screening guideline that is suitable for Chinese women.By summarizing the current evidence on breast cancer screening in Chinese women,and referring to the latest guidelines and consensus on breast cancer screening in Europe,the United States,and East Asia,the China Anti-Cancer Association and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer(Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital)have formulated population-based guideline for breast cancer screening in Chinese women.The guideline provides recommendations on breast cancer screening for Chinese women at average or high risk of breast cancer according to the following three aspects:age of screening,screening methods,and screening interval.This article provides more detailed information to support the recommendations in this guideline and to provide more direction for current breast cancer screening practices in China.
文摘A postmenopausal patient with a diagnosis of estrogen receptor(ER)(+), progesterone receptor(PR)(+), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)(-) breast cancer was reported. The patient refused surgery and was resistant to conventional chemotherapy regimens. Computed tomography and the circulating tumor cell test indicated that the patient's tumor burden increased rapidly even after several chemotherapy sessions. Multiple genetic aberrances in the phosphatidylinositol3-kinases(PI3 K) signaling pathway were detected via next-generation sequencing(NGS)-based liquid biopsy, including a p. G1007 R missense mutation in exon 21 of PIK3 CA(33.61%), a p.L70 fs frameshift mutation in exon 3 of phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)(49.14%), and a p. D1542 Y missense mutation in exon 32 of mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR)(1.66%). Therefore, only the m TOR inhibitor everolimus was administered to the patient. Partial remission(PR) was observed after 2 months, and sustained stable disease(SD) was observed after a year and a half. Subsequent sequencing showed that the mutation ratio of PIK3 CA decreased to 4.17%, and that the PTEN and m TOR mutations disappeared, which revealed the significant curative effect of everolimus. We report the first case of successful monotherapy treatment using everolimus in a patient with advanced breast cancer bearing mutations in genes involved in the PI3 K/ARK/m TOR signaling pathway. The success of this case highlights the invaluable clinical contribution of NGS-based liquid biopsy, as it successfully provided an optimal therapeutic target for the patient with advanced breast cancer.
文摘Objective:Fluzoparib(SHR3162)is a novel,potent poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARP)1,2 inhibitor that showed anti-tumor activity in xenograft models.We conducted a phaseⅠ,first-in-human,dose-escalation and expansion(D-Esc and D-Ex)trial in patients with advanced solid cancer.Methods:This was a 3+3 phaseⅠD-Esc trial with a 3-level D-Ex at 5 hospitals in China.Eligible patients for DEsc had advanced solid tumors refractory to standard therapies,and D-Ex enrolled patients with ovarian cancer(OC).Fluzoparib was administered orally once or twice daily(bid)at 11 dose levels from 10 to 400 mg/d.Endpoints included dose-finding,safety,pharmacokinetics,and antitumor activity.Results:Seventy-nine patients were enrolled from March,2015 to January,2018[OC(47,59.5%);breast cancer(BC)(16,20.3%);colorectal cancer(8,10.1%),other tumors(8,10.1%)];48 patients were treated in the D-Esc arm and 31 in the D-Ex arm.The maximum tolerated dose(MTD)was 150 mg bid,with a half-life of 9.14 h.Grade 3/4 adverse events included anemia(7.6%)and neutropenia(5.1%).The objective response rate(ORR)was 30%(3/10)in patients with platinum-sensitive OC and 7.7%(1/13)in patients with BC.Among patients treated with fluzoparib≥120 mg/d,median progression-free survival(m PFS)was 7.2[95%confidence interval(95%CI),1.8-9.3]months in OC,9.3(95%CI,7.2-9.3)months in platinum-sensitive OC,and 3.5(range,2.0-28.0)months in BC.In patients with germline BC susceptibility gene mutation(g BRCAMut)(11/43 OC;2/16 BC),m PFS was 8.9 months for OC(range,1.0-23.2;95%CI,1.0-16.8)and 14 and 28 months for BC(those two patients both also had somatic BRCAMut).Conclusions:The MTD of fluzoparib was 150 mg bid in advanced solid malignancies.Fluzoparib demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity in BC and OC,particularly in BRCAMut and platinum-sensitive OC.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82002816。
文摘Background:Metaplastic breast carcinoma(MBC)is a rare breast cancer subtype;most cases are triple‐negative breast cancers(TNBCs)and are poorly responsive to conventional systemic therapy.Few potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for distinguishing between metaplastic TNBC and nonmetaplastic TNBC have been discovered.We performed bioinformatic analysis to explore the underlying mechanism by which metaplastic TNBC differs from nonmetaplastic TNBC and provides potential pathogenic genes of metaplastic TNBC.Methods:Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in metaplastic tumors and nonmetaplastic tumors from TNBC patients were screened using GSE165407.The GSE76275 data set and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database were used to screen DEGs in TNBC and non‐TNBC.Metascape and DAVID were used for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology(GO)analysis of DEGs.Online databases,including UALCAN,GEPIA,HPA,Breast Cancer Gene‐Expression Miner,and quantitative PCR and western blot,were used to examine KLK5 messenger RNA and protein expression in breast cancer.Analysis of KLK5‑associated genes was performed with TCGA data,and the LinkedOmics database was used to detect the genes co‐expressed with KLK5.STRING(Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes)and Cytoscape were used to screen for hub genes.Kaplan‑Meier plotter was used for survival analysis.Results:KLK5 was identified among the DEGs in nonmetaplastic TNBC and metaplastic TNBC.The KLK5 gene was overexpressed in nonmetaplastic TNBC but downregulated in metaplastic TNBC.KEGG and GO analyses revealed that epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition was a pathogenic mechanism in metaplastic TNBC and an important pathway by which KLK5 and its associated genes DSG1and DSG3 influence metaplastic TNBC progression. Prognosis analysis showedthat only low expression of KLK5 in metaplastic TNBC had clinical significance.Conclusion: Our research indicated that KLK5 may be a pivotal moleculewith a key role in the mechanism of tumorigenesis in metaplastic TNBC.
基金Department of Breast Surgery,Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital,Harbin,China。
文摘Purpose:Breast cancer is now the most common malignant tumor worldwide.About one-fourth of female cancer patients all over the world sufer from breast cancer.And about one in six female cancer deaths worldwide is caused by breast cancer.In terms of absolute numbers of cases and deaths,China ranks frst in the world.The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Breast Cancer were edited to help improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in China.Methods:The Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to classify evidence and consensus.Results:The CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Breast Cancer include the epidemiology of breast cancer,breast cancer screening,breast cancer diagnosis,early breast cancer treatment,advanced breast cancer treatment,follow-up,rehabilitation,and traditional Chinese medicine treatment of breast cancer patients.Conclusion:We to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in China through the formulation of the CACA Guidelines.
基金supported by the following grants:Foundation of Young Innovative Talents (Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital,2018-1-31)National Science Foundation of China (NSFC No.81401950)+2 种基金China Scholarship Council (File No.201706940019)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty)Construction ProjectTianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital"14th Five-Year"Peak Discipline Support Program Project.
文摘Purpose:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer.It is still unclear that the mechanisms by which long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)regulates tumorigenesis of TNBC.In this study,we explored the function and regulation of lncRNA in TNBC.Methods:The diferentially expressed and overlapped lncRNAs were obtained from two microarray datasets of breast cancer.The cancer genome atlas(TCGA)data was applied to validate the roles of top diferentially expressed lncRNAs.The potential relationship among lncRNAs,miRNAs,and mRNAs and the efects of them on the TNBC tumorigenesis were further explored through multiple bioinformatic methods.Results:Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1351(LINC01351)was frst discovered to play an oncogenic role in TNBC.The highly expressed LINC01351 was signifcantly related to aggressive subtypes,advanced stages and metastasis of breast cancer.The overexpressed LINC01351 was associated with adverse prognosis of patients with TNBC.LINC01351 was found to negatively regulate ELK4 which was involved in the transcriptional regulation in cancer.The high expression of ELK4 showed favorable prognosis of patients with basal-like 1 subtype and luminal androgen receptor subtype of TNBC.Conclusion:The dysregulation of LINC01351 played an important role in triple-negative breast cancer.LINC01351 could be a poor prognostic marker and a potential target for patients with TNBC.
