正常眼压性青光眼患者黄斑区微循环状态与视功能改变的关系研究

目的 联合使用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)和微视野计探讨正常眼压性青光眼(NTG)患者黄斑区微循环状态和视功能变化情况,并分析两者之间的相关性。方法 横断面观察性研究。收集NTG患者17例30眼作为NTG组,按病情严重程度分为轻度、中度和重度NTG组3组。选取同期年龄、性别相匹配的健康体检者13例23眼作为对照组。使用OCTA获取黄斑区浅层视网膜血管线性密度(LD)及灌注密度(PD)。使用微视野计检测黄斑区10°范围的视网膜光敏感度(RS)及2°、4°固视率。比较各组间OCTA参数及微视野计参数的差异,并分析NTG患者OCTA参数与微视野计参数之间的相关性。结果 对照组与轻度NTG组受试者之间除黄斑区中央和鼻侧的LD、PD差异均无统计学意义外,其余各区域和整体平均LD、PD在对照组和轻度、中度、重度NTG组受试者间均呈逐渐下降趋势。轻度NTG组患者黄斑区下方和颞侧区域RS均较对照组受试者降低。黄斑区各区域及整体平均RS随NTG病情分期加重而降低。在NTG组患者中,LD、PD与RS在黄斑区各区域和整体平均中均呈显著性正相关(均为P<0.05)。NTG组患者黄斑区LD、PD与P2在一定区域内呈正相关。结论 NTG患者黄斑区微循环状态及视功能均较健康人显著下降,且随病情进展而加重;NTG患者黄斑区血管密度与RS存在显著相关性。

外源褪黑素对辣椒果实采后生理特性及贮藏品质的影响

【目的】为探究外源褪黑素对辣椒果实采后生理特性及贮藏品质的影响。【方法】利用不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200和250μmol/L)褪黑素对辣椒果实进行浸泡处理2h,确定辣椒果实采后保鲜的最佳褪黑素浓度,并分析最佳褪黑素浓度处理后,贮藏过程中辣椒果实色泽、衰老、营养品质及抗氧化酶活性等的变化。【结果】适宜浓度(100~200μmol/L)褪黑素处理能降低果实(贮藏第12天)的失重率和丙二醛含量,维持果实硬度、亮度及风味品质,当褪黑素浓度为150μmol/L时,辣椒果实的色泽、硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性蛋白质含量均为最大值,相比对照组分别提高了8.70%(以L*表示)、27.73%、23.22%、24.64%,然而丙二醛的含量相比对照组下降了32.48%。进一步的动态分析发现贮藏早期150μmol/L(最佳浓度)外源褪黑素对辣椒果实生理品质无显著影响,但贮藏第8天后,外源褪黑素可显著提高辣椒果实中过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶的活性,降低果实的失重率、丙二醛含量及可溶性果胶含量,维持果实亮度及硬度。此外,外源褪黑素处理还可改善贮藏过程中辣椒果实的风味品质。贮藏第8天后,外源褪黑素组辣椒果实中维生素C、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性固形物、总酚的含量均高于对照组,增长幅度分别在11.71%~21.0%、5.55%~12.93%、15.21%~25.32%、11.05%~24.03%。【结论】外源褪黑素可诱导辣椒果实抗氧化酶活性的增强,降低丙二醛及可溶性果胶的积累,进而抑制果实衰老,维持或改善贮藏过程中辣椒果实的品质。

子图匹配和强化学习增强的三维点云配准

针对低质量三维点云数据配准精度不足、效率低的问题,为了实现低质量点云的精确、快速配准,提出一种基于子图匹配和强化学习的点云配准方法.首先将三维点云配准转化为一系列离散的刚性变换连续作用结果,利用强化学习策略训练一个端到端的模型以迭代输出刚性变换动作;然后对于模型架构,采用双流主干网络分别提取源点云与目标点云的局部特征信息,设计交叉图注意力模块将源点云图和目标点云图中的相似节点关联起来,使用带选通向量的加权实现图节点的聚合,分别获取源点云图与目标点云图的全局特征表示;最后融合源点云图与目标点云图的全局特征,基于融合特征预测离散的刚性变换动作.强化学习策略的引入显著提高了点云配准算法的泛化性,在加入交叉图注意力模块后,点云配准的精度及效率也进一步被提升.在ModelNet40和ScanObjectNN这2个公共基准数据集上与最新的点云配准方法 ReAgent进行实验的结果表明,所提方法能够将旋转误差的均方差数值降低至少0.16,各向同性旋转误差数值也降低至少0.16,有效地提升低质量点云配准的精度.

Exercise-induced adaptation of neurons in the vertebrate locomotor system

Vertebrate neurons are highly dynamic cells that undergo several alterations in their functioning and physiologies in adaptation to various external stimuli.In particular,how these neurons respond to physical exercise has long been an area of active research.Studies of the vertebrate locomotor system’s adaptability suggest multiple mechanisms are involved in the regulation of neuronal activity and properties during exercise.In this brief review,we highlight recent results and insights from the field with a focus on the following mechanisms:(a)alterations in neuronal excitability during acute exercise;(b)alterations in neuronal excitability after chronic exercise;(c)exercise-induced changes in neuronal membrane properties via modulation of ion channel activity;(d)exercise-enhanced dendritic plasticity;and(e)exercise-induced alterations in neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis.Our hope is to update the community with a cellular and molecular understanding of the recent mechanisms underlying the adaptability of the vertebrate locomotor system in response to both acute and chronic physical exercise.

Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact

A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization chamber.This system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement results.Testing conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision performance.However,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement performance.Data were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this issue.The feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature correction.The research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents.

前列腺癌中自噬性细胞死亡的分子通路和调控机制综述

前列腺癌(PCa)是全球男性中第2常见的癌症,近年来发病率和致死率均呈快速上升趋势。PCa的发生发展与自噬密切相关,自噬性细胞死亡可促进或抑制PCa细胞的增殖和存活。本文对自噬性细胞死亡抑制PCa进展的分子通路及其相关调控机制进行综述,以期探寻新的PCa治疗方法。

Psychological stress impact neurotrophic factor levels in patients with androgenetic alopecia and correlated with disease progression

BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia(AGA)is a common form of hair loss that can be influenced by psychological factors.AIM To investigate the impact of mental stress on neurotrophic factors in patients with AGA and correlate the findings with the progression of AGA.METHODS A total of 120 patients with AGA were analyzed in this study,which were divided into a non-stress group(n=30)and a stress group(n=90)on the basis of the presence or absence of psychological stress confirmed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 scale.The baseline demographic characteristics,serum cortisol levels,hair growth parameters,neurotrophic factors,and AGA progression scores between the non-stress and stress groups were compared.Correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships among stress,neurotrophic factors,hair loss progression,and AGA progression.RESULTS This study revealed significantly higher cortisol levels throughout the day in the stress group than in the non-stress group.The stress group exhibited lower levels of nerve growth factor,brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor and higher expression levels of neurotrophin(NT)-3 and NT-4 than the non-stress group.Hair parameters indicated lower hair diameter,decreased hair density,and more severe AGA grading in the stress group,whereas follicle count and terminal/vellus hair ratio showed no significant differences between the two groups.After 1 year of treatment with 5%minoxidil,efficacy was observed to be lower but AGA progression was notably more pronounced in the stress group than in the non-stress group.Disease progression was positively correlated with high stress and NT-4 levels.CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence of the influence of mental stress on neurotrophic factors and its correlation with the progression of AGA.The findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of AGA that considers the physiological and psychosocial aspects.Further research is warranted to validate the findings and explore targeted therapeutic interventions for individuals with stress-related AGA.

基于大学生需求的生殖健康教育课程设置及效果分析

目的了解综合大学开设“大学生生殖健康教育”素质拓展选修课的教学效果,为相关教育的开展提供参考和借鉴。方法根据文献综述和学生访谈结果,于2022年3月至5月在湖北宜昌某高校开设“大学生生殖健康教育”课程。在开课前及课程学习结束后,评估学生对生殖健康相关知识的掌握情况,了解学生对课程的评价。结果课程学习结束后,大学生掌握生殖健康相关知识正确率显著高于开课前(P<0.001)。超过95%的大学生认为学习到了生殖健康相关知识。词汇云结果提示,大学生认为通过学习有利于生殖健康的维护和自我保护意识的增强。结论生殖健康课程能提高大学生生殖健康知识,学生满意度较高,高校应重视对大学生进行生殖健康教育。

Progress and current perspectives of diagnosis and treatment of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach(HAS)is a rare malignant gastric tumor exhibiting both hepatocellular and adenocarcinomatous differentiation.Patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage,and their clinical symptoms closely resemble those of gastric adenocarcinoma.Because of its rarity,misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses are prevalent.Compared with gastric adenocarcinoma,HAS typically exhibits higher invasiveness and amore unfavorable prognosis.This review aimed to elaborate on the pathological features,potential mechanisms,clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and prognosis of HAS.The insights provided aimed to contribute robust guidance for the clinical management of patients with HAS.

信息技术与初中英语阅读教学深度融合的路径研究——以Unit 2 The WWF is working hard to save them all为例

分析传统的初中英语阅读教学存在的问题,以及信息技术与初中英语阅读教学深度融合的优势。以外研版初中《英语》八年级(上)Module 6 Unit 2 The WWF is working hard to save them all为例,探究信息技术与初中英语阅读教学深度融合的路径,即储备知识,课前试学;提高效率,课中互动;迁移创新,课后巩固。

专业认同对研究生主动创新行为的影响研究

研究生创新能力的提升是高校研究生教育关注的重点,创新行为是创新能力的表现。为揭示研究生主动创新行为的影响因素,研究基于自我决定理论,构建了以和谐式创新激情为中介变量,导学关系为调节变量的专业认同对研究生主动创新行为的影响机制模型。运用SPSS26.0和MPLUS8.3软件对413份研究生问卷进行实证分析,结果表明,专业认同正向影响研究生主动创新行为;和谐式创新激情在专业认同与研究生主动创新行为之间起中介作用;导学关系正向调节专业认同与和谐式创新激情的关系且正向调节和谐式创新激情在专业认同与研究生主动创新之间的中介作用。根据研究结论,建议通过提高研究生的专业认同、构建维系高质量的导学关系和推进创新学习环境氛围建设等方式激发研究生主动创新行为。

Optimization method of Hadamard coding plate inγ‑ray computational ghost imaging

Owing to the constraints on the fabrication ofγ-ray coding plates with many pixels,few studies have been carried out onγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Thus,the development of coding plates with fewer pixels is essential to achieveγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Based on the regional similarity between Hadamard subcoding plates,this study presents an optimization method to reduce the number of pixels of Hadamard coding plates.First,a moving distance matrix was obtained to describe the regional similarity quantitatively.Second,based on the matrix,we used two ant colony optimization arrangement algorithms to maximize the reuse of pixels in the regional similarity area and obtain new compressed coding plates.With full sampling,these two algorithms improved the pixel utilization of the coding plate,and the compression ratio values were 54.2%and 58.9%,respectively.In addition,three undersampled sequences(the Harr,Russian dolls,and cake-cutting sequences)with different sampling rates were tested and discussed.With different sampling rates,our method reduced the number of pixels of all three sequences,especially for the Russian dolls and cake-cutting sequences.Therefore,our method can reduce the number of pixels,manufacturing cost,and difficulty of the coding plate,which is beneficial for the implementation and application ofγ-ray computational ghost imaging.

Activation of Transition Metal(Fe,Co and Ni)-Oxide Nanoclusters by Nitrogen Defects in Carbon Nanotube for Selective CO_(2) Reduction Reaction

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),which can produce value-added chemical feedstocks,is a proton-coupled-electron process with sluggish kinetics.Thus,highly efficient,cheap catalysts are urgently required.Transition metal oxides such as CoO_(x),FeO_(x),and NiO_(x)are low-cost,low toxicity,and abundant materials for a wide range of electrochemical reactions,but are almost inert for CO_(2)RR.Here,we report for the first time that nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes(N-CNT)have a surprising activation effect on the activity and selectivity of transition metal-oxide(MO_(x)where M=Fe,Ni,and Co)nanoclusters for CO_(2)RR.MO_(x)supported on N-CNT,MO_(x)/N-CNT,achieves a CO yield of 2.6–2.8 mmol cm−2 min−1 at an overpotential of−0.55 V,which is two orders of magnitude higher than MO_(x)supported on acid treated CNTs(MO_(x)/O-CNT)and four times higher than pristine N-CNT.The faraday efficiency for electrochemical CO_(2)-to-CO conversion is as high as 90.3%at overpotential of 0.44 V.Both in-situ XAS measurements and DFT calculations disclose that MO_(x)nanoclusters can be hydrated in CO_(2)saturated KHCO_(3),and the N defects of N-CNT effectively stabilize these metal hydroxyl species under carbon dioxide reduction reaction conditions,which can split the water molecules and provide local protons to inhibit the poisoning of active sites under carbon dioxide reduction reaction conditions.

Defect engineering of high-loading single-atom catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an attractive approach to carbon capture and utilization for the production high-value-added products.However,CO_(2)RR still suffers from poor selectivity and low current density due to its sluggish kinetics and multitudinous reaction pathways.Single-atom catalysts(SACs)demonstrate outstanding activity,excellent selectivity,and remarkable atom utilization efficiency,which give impetus to the search for electrocatalytic processes aiming at high selectivity.There appears significant activity in the development of efficient SACs for CO_(2)RR,while the density of the atomic sites remains a considerable barrier to be overcome.To construct high-metal-loading SACs,aggregation must be prevented,and thus novel strategies are required.The key to creating high-density atomically dispersed sites is designing enough anchoring sites,normally defects,to stabilize the highly mobile separated metal atoms.In this review,we summarized the advances in developing high-loading SACs through defect engineering,with a focus on the synthesis strategies to achieve high atomic site loading.Finally,the future opportunities and challenges for CO_(2)RR in the area of high-loading single-atom electrocatalysts are also discussed.

m^(6)A甲基化修饰在肿瘤免疫中的作用及干预策略

N^(6)-甲基腺苷(N^(6)-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)修饰是真核生物信使RNA中最丰富的表观遗传修饰,其失调会导致mRNA异常生物学行为如翻译和降解紊乱,从而调控肿瘤发生发展。近期研究表明m^(6)A在免疫调控过程中可发挥重要作用,其不仅可调节免疫细胞的活化,还在肿瘤微环境中免疫应答发挥重要调控作用,从而影响免疫治疗效果。越来越多的证据表明m^(6)A修饰可能是肿瘤免疫治疗的重要潜在干预靶点。本文阐述了免疫细胞中m^(6)A修饰调控及其在肿瘤免疫微环境中相关调节作用,并进一步探讨了靶向m^(6)A调控蛋白在肿瘤免疫治疗中的干预策略及潜在治疗价值。

柞市麻羊生产性能及肉品质研究

试验旨在对特色羊品种柞市麻羊的生产性能及肉质性状进行详细的介绍。采集柞市麻羊的背最长肌和股四头肌,采用国标法测定其胴体性能、肉质性状、质构特性、肌纤维特性以及肌肉的常规营养成分。结果表明,不同月龄柞市麻羊的宰前活重介于20.00~26.50 kg、胴体重介于8.50~11.40 kg、屠宰率介于42.50%~43.01%。麻羊羊肉粗蛋白含量介于9.13%~12.25%,粗脂肪含量介于0.93%~1.08%,钙、磷含量分别介于2.24%~3.36%和0.31%~0.42%。麻羊胸部肌肉的红度(a*值)和黄度(b*值)低于腿部,亮度(L*值)则相反;麻羊胸部肌肉的系水力较腿部好,p H和熟肉率低于腿部,新鲜腿部肌肉剪切力值低于胸部,蒸煮后则相反。麻羊胸部肌肉的硬度、胶着性和咀嚼性高于腿部,黏附性、回复性、内聚性以及弹性没有较大差异。麻羊胸部的肌纤维密度、细胞直径以及细胞面积都高于腿部。综上说明,柞市麻羊羊肉是一种高蛋白、低脂肪的优质蛋白质肉食品,具有较强的市场竞争优势和广泛的养殖前景。

Plasma treated M1 MoVNbTeO_(x)-CeO_(2) composite catalyst for improved performance of oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane

High activity and productivity of MoVNbTeO_(x) catalyst are challenging tasks in oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)for industrial application.In this work,phase-pure M1 with 30 wt%CeO_(2) composite catalyst was treated by oxygen plasma to further enhance catalyst performance.The results show that the oxygen vacancies generated by the solid-state redox reaction between M1 and CeO_(2) capture active oxygen species in gas and transform V^(4+)to V^(5+)without damage to M1 structure.The space-time yield of ethylene of the plasma-treated catalyst was significantly increased,in which the catalyst shows an enhancement near~100% than that of phase-pure M1 at 400℃ for ODHE process.Plasma treatment for catalysts demonstrates an effective way to convert electrical energy into chemical energy in catalyst materials.Energy conversion is achieved by using the catalyst as a medium.

An Analysis of the Static and Dynamic Behavior of the Hydraulic Compensation System of a Multichannel Valve

Electro-hydraulic proportional valve is the core control valve in many hydraulic systems used in agricultural and engineering machinery.To address the problem related to the large throttling losses and poor stability typically associated with these valves,here,the beneficial effects of a triangular groove structure on the related hydraulic response are studied.A mathematical model of the pressure compensation system based on the power-bond graph method is introduced,and the AMESim software is used to simulate its response.The results show that the triangular groove structure increases the jet angle and effectively compensates for the hydrodynamic force.The steady-state differential pressure at the valve port of the new pressure compensation structure was 0.65 MPa.Furthermore,experimental results show that the pressure difference at the main valve port is 0.73 MPa,and that the response time is less than 0.2 s.It is concluded that the new compensation structure has good pressure compensation response characteristics.

煤矸石集料混凝土抗压强度及耐久性能

以煤矸石-普通碎石混合作为粗集料制备了一系列混凝土试样,其中煅烧和未煅烧煤矸石等量替代普通碎石的掺量为0%、30%、50%、70%和100%,探究了煤矸石粗集料掺量和700℃煅烧对混凝土抗压强度、快速氯离子渗透、抗碳化性能和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能的影响,并借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)观测矿物成分变化,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测微观结构。实验结果表明煤矸石作混凝土集料是可行的,最大掺量受混凝土设计强度和所处环境的限制。煤矸石与胶凝材料粘结处空腔的存在不利于混凝土抗压强度和耐久性能,但对固化氯离子性能有利。相比于掺未煅烧煤矸石的混凝土,掺煅烧煤矸石的混凝土的内部结构更致密,但煅烧煤矸石自身的缺陷导致其未获得较大优势。后续研究将致力于更大程度地激发煅烧煤矸石集料的活性以更好地发挥其优势。本研究为煤矸石的大宗高效利用提供试验基础和理论依据。