Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted increasing attention in next-generation energy storage systems due to their high safety and economic.Unfortunately,the side reactions,dendrites and hydrogen evolution effe...Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted increasing attention in next-generation energy storage systems due to their high safety and economic.Unfortunately,the side reactions,dendrites and hydrogen evolution effects at the zinc anode interface in aqueous electrolytes seriously hinder the application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.Here,we report a critical solvation strategy to achieve reversible zinc electrochemistry by introducing a small polar molecule acetonitrile to form a“catcher”to arrest active molecules(bound water molecules).The stable solvation structure of[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)is capable of maintaining and completely inhibiting free water molecules.When[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)is partially desolvated in the Helmholtz outer layer,the separated active molecules will be arrested by the“catcher”formed by the strong hydrogen bond N-H bond,ensuring the stable desolvation of Zn^(2+).The Zn||Zn symmetric battery can stably cycle for 2250 h at 1 mAh cm^(-2),Zn||V_(6)O_(13) full battery achieved a capacity retention rate of 99.2%after 10,000 cycles at 10 A g^(-1).This paper proposes a novel critical solvation strategy that paves the route for the construction of high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric duplication cysts(GDCs)are a relatively uncommon congenital developmental abnormality,mainly occurring in infants but very rarely in adults.Because of the variability in clinical presentation,it is ...BACKGROUND Gastric duplication cysts(GDCs)are a relatively uncommon congenital developmental abnormality,mainly occurring in infants but very rarely in adults.Because of the variability in clinical presentation,it is often quite challenging to diagnose GDCs in adults.We are presenting a case report of an adult diagnosed operatively as having a GDC with a literature review to summarize clinical and imaging features and the treatment selections of GDCs in adults so that doctors could have a comprehensive understanding of this disease and make a precise diagnosis and a suitable therapeutic decision for patients.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old man presented with recurrent epigastric pain and fullness for two years.No significant findings were noted during physical examination and routine blood tests were unremarkable.An abdominal ultrasound revealed a large cyst in the upper left abdominal quadrant.A following contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CT)scan demonstrated a hypodense cystic lesion between the spleen and stomach.The lesion had scattered calcification in the cyst wall without any significant enhancement.The lesion was initially thought to be a cystic lymphangioma.The patient underwent a surgical resection and intraoperatively it was noted that the lesion was closely adherent to the greater curvature of the stomach.Subsequently,a resection of the gastric mass along with a partial gastrectomy was performed.The patient recovered quickly with a complete symptomatic relief and did not show any further complications during the 8-month follow-up.CONCLUSION GDCs are quite rare in adults,with a multitude of symptoms,which is quite challenging for precise diagnosis before histological examination.Some imaging techniques involving CT,magnetic resonance imaging,and endoscopic ultrasound could provide valuable morphological features for differential diagnosis.展开更多
Based on the D-H notation, kinematics model and inverse kinematics model of 6R industrial robots are established. Using graphical method, the boundary curve equations of the 6R industrial robot workspace are obtained....Based on the D-H notation, kinematics model and inverse kinematics model of 6R industrial robots are established. Using graphical method, the boundary curve equations of the 6R industrial robot workspace are obtained. Based on the prescribed workspace, the D-H parameter optimization method of 6R industrial robots is proposed. Using the genetic algorithm to determine the structural dimensions of a 6R robot, we make sure that its workspace can exactly contain the prescribed workspace. This method can be used to reduce the overall size of the robot, save materials and reduce the power consumption of the robot during its work time.展开更多
The direct coupling of allylic alcohols with arylboronic acids or their derivatives catalyzed by Ni（cod）2 in the presence of a catalytic amount of base has been developed. A wide variety of allylic substrates or ary...The direct coupling of allylic alcohols with arylboronic acids or their derivatives catalyzed by Ni（cod）2 in the presence of a catalytic amount of base has been developed. A wide variety of allylic substrates or aryIboronic acids turned out to be applicable to this catalytic system. The present method does not require the use of ligands for stabilizing the nickel catalyst in most cases or additional activators for activation of altylic alcohols.展开更多
水系可充电锌/二氧化锰电池因其成本低廉、能量密度高而引起了广泛关注.然而,缓慢的反应动力学和MnO_(2)阴极的歧化反应以及不可逆的相变现象对其发展造成了严重阻碍.在此,我们选用了Mo掺杂α-MnO_(2)(Mo–MnO_(2))作为阴极材料,通过铵...水系可充电锌/二氧化锰电池因其成本低廉、能量密度高而引起了广泛关注.然而,缓慢的反应动力学和MnO_(2)阴极的歧化反应以及不可逆的相变现象对其发展造成了严重阻碍.在此,我们选用了Mo掺杂α-MnO_(2)(Mo–MnO_(2))作为阴极材料,通过铵根离子插层机制所形成的N–H···O强键合作用来稳定Mo–MnO_(2)的2×2隧道结构,并且有效抑制了Mn^(3+)溶解,在质子插入/脱出过程中不会引起晶格的畸变,进一步提高了其循环稳定性.获得的Mo–MnO_(2)正极在100 mA g^(−1)时表现出265.2 mA h g^(−1)的高比容量和364.3 W h kg^(−1)的能量密度.在2.0 A g^(−1)下1000次循环后,容量保持率达95.2%.这项工作有助于深入了解非金属阳离子在电极主体材料间的键合作用,为设计具有高能量密度和长期循环能力的水系锌离子电池提供了新思路.展开更多
Mutants defective in chloroplast development or photosynthesis are liable to accumulate higher levels of anthocyanin in photo-oxidative stress.However,regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the mutants r...Mutants defective in chloroplast development or photosynthesis are liable to accumulate higher levels of anthocyanin in photo-oxidative stress.However,regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the mutants remain unclear.Here,we investigated the mechanism by which the deletion of thylakoid formation1（THF1） leads to an increased level of anthocyanin in Arabidopsis thaliana L.Physiological and genetic evidence showed that the increased level of anthocyanin in thf1 is dependent on coronatine-insensitive1（COM）signaling.Our data showed that thf1 had higher levels of basalα-linolenic acid（α-LeA）,and methyl jasmonate（JA）-induced α-LeA and 12-oxophytodienoic acid（OPDA） than the wild type（WT）.Consistently,expression levels of phospholipase genes including pPLAIIα and PLA-Iγ1 were elevated in thf1.Furthermore,inhibition of lipase activity by bromoenol lactone,a specific inhibitor of plant pPLA,led to producing identical levels of anthocyanins in WT and thf1 plants.Interestingly,OPDA biosynthesis was triggered by light illumination in isolated chloroplasts,indicating that new protein import into chloroplasts is not required for OPDA biosynthesis.Thus,we conclude that the elevated anthocyanin accumulation in thf1 is attributed to an increase in JA levels.This JA-mediated signaling to coordinate plant metabolism and growth in stress may be conserved in other photosensitive mutants.展开更多
High-rate battery-type cathode materials have attracted wide attention for advanced battery-supercapacitor hybrid(BSH)devices.Herein,a core-shell structure of the hollow mesoporous carbon spheres(HMCS)supported NiSe2 ...High-rate battery-type cathode materials have attracted wide attention for advanced battery-supercapacitor hybrid(BSH)devices.Herein,a core-shell structure of the hollow mesoporous carbon spheres(HMCS)supported NiSe2 nanosheets(HMCS/NiSe2)is constructed through two-step reactions.The HMCS/NiSe_(2)shows a max specific capacity of 1,153.5 C·g^(-1) at the current density of 1 A·g^(-1),and can remain at 774.5 C·g^(-1) even at 40 A·g^(-1)(the retention rate as high as 67.1%)and then the HMCS/NiSe_(2) electrode can keep 80.5%specific capacity after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A·g^(-1).Moreover,the density functional theory(DFT)calculation confirmed that the introduction HMCS into NiSe_(2) made adsorption/desorption of OH-easier,which can achieve higher rate capability.The HMCS/NiSe_(2)//6 M KOH//HMCS hybrid device has energy density of 47.15 Wh·kg^(-1) and power density of 801.8 W·kg^(-1).This work provides a feasible electrode material with a high rate and its preparation method for high energy density and power density energy storage devices.展开更多
of main observation and conclusion An efficient nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl pivalates with cyclobutanols is described.The use of Ni(cod)2/PCy3/base as the catalytic system enables the cleavage of inert C—...of main observation and conclusion An efficient nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl pivalates with cyclobutanols is described.The use of Ni(cod)2/PCy3/base as the catalytic system enables the cleavage of inert C—0 bond and C—C bond under mild conditions,thus providing a facile access to y-arylated ketones in generally good to excellent yields.This transformation is also characterized by wide substrate scope and functional group compatibility,for example,methoxy,γ-dimethylamino,keto,ester,fluoro and TMS groups are well-tolerated during the reaction process.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52272198 and 52002122)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M690947).
文摘Aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted increasing attention in next-generation energy storage systems due to their high safety and economic.Unfortunately,the side reactions,dendrites and hydrogen evolution effects at the zinc anode interface in aqueous electrolytes seriously hinder the application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.Here,we report a critical solvation strategy to achieve reversible zinc electrochemistry by introducing a small polar molecule acetonitrile to form a“catcher”to arrest active molecules(bound water molecules).The stable solvation structure of[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)is capable of maintaining and completely inhibiting free water molecules.When[Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)]^(2+)is partially desolvated in the Helmholtz outer layer,the separated active molecules will be arrested by the“catcher”formed by the strong hydrogen bond N-H bond,ensuring the stable desolvation of Zn^(2+).The Zn||Zn symmetric battery can stably cycle for 2250 h at 1 mAh cm^(-2),Zn||V_(6)O_(13) full battery achieved a capacity retention rate of 99.2%after 10,000 cycles at 10 A g^(-1).This paper proposes a novel critical solvation strategy that paves the route for the construction of high-performance AZIBs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51822509,51701034)the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,China(Nos.KJQN201801137,KJQN201901106)the Basic and Advanced Research Project of CQ CSTC,China(No.cstc2018jcyjAX0035).
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric duplication cysts(GDCs)are a relatively uncommon congenital developmental abnormality,mainly occurring in infants but very rarely in adults.Because of the variability in clinical presentation,it is often quite challenging to diagnose GDCs in adults.We are presenting a case report of an adult diagnosed operatively as having a GDC with a literature review to summarize clinical and imaging features and the treatment selections of GDCs in adults so that doctors could have a comprehensive understanding of this disease and make a precise diagnosis and a suitable therapeutic decision for patients.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old man presented with recurrent epigastric pain and fullness for two years.No significant findings were noted during physical examination and routine blood tests were unremarkable.An abdominal ultrasound revealed a large cyst in the upper left abdominal quadrant.A following contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CT)scan demonstrated a hypodense cystic lesion between the spleen and stomach.The lesion had scattered calcification in the cyst wall without any significant enhancement.The lesion was initially thought to be a cystic lymphangioma.The patient underwent a surgical resection and intraoperatively it was noted that the lesion was closely adherent to the greater curvature of the stomach.Subsequently,a resection of the gastric mass along with a partial gastrectomy was performed.The patient recovered quickly with a complete symptomatic relief and did not show any further complications during the 8-month follow-up.CONCLUSION GDCs are quite rare in adults,with a multitude of symptoms,which is quite challenging for precise diagnosis before histological examination.Some imaging techniques involving CT,magnetic resonance imaging,and endoscopic ultrasound could provide valuable morphological features for differential diagnosis.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 50505030）, and the Developing Science and Technology Fund of Science Department of Shanghai Gov. （No. 024119032）.
文摘Based on the D-H notation, kinematics model and inverse kinematics model of 6R industrial robots are established. Using graphical method, the boundary curve equations of the 6R industrial robot workspace are obtained. Based on the prescribed workspace, the D-H parameter optimization method of 6R industrial robots is proposed. Using the genetic algorithm to determine the structural dimensions of a 6R robot, we make sure that its workspace can exactly contain the prescribed workspace. This method can be used to reduce the overall size of the robot, save materials and reduce the power consumption of the robot during its work time.
基金We thank the National Key Research and Development Pro- gram （No. 2016YFA0202900}, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21772217）, Science and Technology Commis- sion of Shanghai Municipality （No. 18XD1405000）, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences （No. XDB20000000）, and Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry （sioczz201807） for financial support.
文摘The direct coupling of allylic alcohols with arylboronic acids or their derivatives catalyzed by Ni（cod）2 in the presence of a catalytic amount of base has been developed. A wide variety of allylic substrates or aryIboronic acids turned out to be applicable to this catalytic system. The present method does not require the use of ligands for stabilizing the nickel catalyst in most cases or additional activators for activation of altylic alcohols.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22109163 and 52002122)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690947).
文摘水系可充电锌/二氧化锰电池因其成本低廉、能量密度高而引起了广泛关注.然而,缓慢的反应动力学和MnO_(2)阴极的歧化反应以及不可逆的相变现象对其发展造成了严重阻碍.在此,我们选用了Mo掺杂α-MnO_(2)(Mo–MnO_(2))作为阴极材料,通过铵根离子插层机制所形成的N–H···O强键合作用来稳定Mo–MnO_(2)的2×2隧道结构,并且有效抑制了Mn^(3+)溶解,在质子插入/脱出过程中不会引起晶格的畸变,进一步提高了其循环稳定性.获得的Mo–MnO_(2)正极在100 mA g^(−1)时表现出265.2 mA h g^(−1)的高比容量和364.3 W h kg^(−1)的能量密度.在2.0 A g^(−1)下1000次循环后,容量保持率达95.2%.这项工作有助于深入了解非金属阳离子在电极主体材料间的键合作用,为设计具有高能量密度和长期循环能力的水系锌离子电池提供了新思路.
基金supported by grants to J.H.from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2013CB127000)the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teamsthe National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(30925005)
文摘Mutants defective in chloroplast development or photosynthesis are liable to accumulate higher levels of anthocyanin in photo-oxidative stress.However,regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the mutants remain unclear.Here,we investigated the mechanism by which the deletion of thylakoid formation1（THF1） leads to an increased level of anthocyanin in Arabidopsis thaliana L.Physiological and genetic evidence showed that the increased level of anthocyanin in thf1 is dependent on coronatine-insensitive1（COM）signaling.Our data showed that thf1 had higher levels of basalα-linolenic acid（α-LeA）,and methyl jasmonate（JA）-induced α-LeA and 12-oxophytodienoic acid（OPDA） than the wild type（WT）.Consistently,expression levels of phospholipase genes including pPLAIIα and PLA-Iγ1 were elevated in thf1.Furthermore,inhibition of lipase activity by bromoenol lactone,a specific inhibitor of plant pPLA,led to producing identical levels of anthocyanins in WT and thf1 plants.Interestingly,OPDA biosynthesis was triggered by light illumination in isolated chloroplasts,indicating that new protein import into chloroplasts is not required for OPDA biosynthesis.Thus,we conclude that the elevated anthocyanin accumulation in thf1 is attributed to an increase in JA levels.This JA-mediated signaling to coordinate plant metabolism and growth in stress may be conserved in other photosensitive mutants.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81601992,81802986,and 81601029)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ16H160008)the Medical and Health Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2019338991),China
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52002122)the Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province(No.2019AAA038)+1 种基金the Wuhan Yellow Crane Talent Program(No.2017-02)received funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No.823717-ESTEEM3.
文摘High-rate battery-type cathode materials have attracted wide attention for advanced battery-supercapacitor hybrid(BSH)devices.Herein,a core-shell structure of the hollow mesoporous carbon spheres(HMCS)supported NiSe2 nanosheets(HMCS/NiSe2)is constructed through two-step reactions.The HMCS/NiSe_(2)shows a max specific capacity of 1,153.5 C·g^(-1) at the current density of 1 A·g^(-1),and can remain at 774.5 C·g^(-1) even at 40 A·g^(-1)(the retention rate as high as 67.1%)and then the HMCS/NiSe_(2) electrode can keep 80.5%specific capacity after 5,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A·g^(-1).Moreover,the density functional theory(DFT)calculation confirmed that the introduction HMCS into NiSe_(2) made adsorption/desorption of OH-easier,which can achieve higher rate capability.The HMCS/NiSe_(2)//6 M KOH//HMCS hybrid device has energy density of 47.15 Wh·kg^(-1) and power density of 801.8 W·kg^(-1).This work provides a feasible electrode material with a high rate and its preparation method for high energy density and power density energy storage devices.
基金We thank the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFA0202900)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB20000000)the Scienceand Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.18XD1405000)for financial support.
文摘of main observation and conclusion An efficient nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl pivalates with cyclobutanols is described.The use of Ni(cod)2/PCy3/base as the catalytic system enables the cleavage of inert C—0 bond and C—C bond under mild conditions,thus providing a facile access to y-arylated ketones in generally good to excellent yields.This transformation is also characterized by wide substrate scope and functional group compatibility,for example,methoxy,γ-dimethylamino,keto,ester,fluoro and TMS groups are well-tolerated during the reaction process.
