Transarterial chemoembolization versus percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for recurrent unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma:Development of a prognostic nomogram

Background:Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy(PMCT)are commonly used to treat intrahepatic recurrent liver cancers.However,there is no informa-tion regarding their effectiveness in patients with recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)after resection.Methods:A total of 275 patients with localized recurrent ICC who received either TACE(n=183)or PMCT(n=92)were studied.A propensity score matching analysis was performed to compare prognostic impact of TACE and PMCT.Prognostic factors for TACE and PMCT were identified respectively.Predictive nomograms for each TACE and PMCT were developed using the Cox independent prognostic factors and were validated in independent patient groups by receiver operating characteristic curves and area under curve values.Results:Both TACE and PMCT provided curativeness in partial patients(5-year overall survival:21.4%and 6.1%,respectively),but TACE provided better survival benefit in both overall patients(hazard ratio[HR]=0.71;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.50–0.97;P=0.034)and propensity score matching analysis(HR=0.69;95%CI:0.47–0.98;P=0.041).Independent prognostic factors for TACE were tumor size>5 cm,poor differentiation,and major resection,whereas poor differentiation,hepatitis B virus infection,cholelithiasis,and lymph node metastasis were identified for PMCT.Both predictive nomograms for TACE and PMCT were validated to be effective with area under curve values of 0.77 and 0.70,respectively.Conclusions:TACE provided better survival benefits compared to PMCT.However,there was a disparity in prognostic factors,suggesting evaluation of the two nomograms may be supportive in modality selection.Further prospective validation studies are required for the results to be applied in clinical medicine.

p28^GANK inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death via enhancement of the endoplasmic reticulum adaptive capacity

它一致地被看了那 oncoprotein p28GANK，它是在人的 hepatocellular 癌(HCC ) 的 overexpressed，在 HCC 的 tumorigenesis 起一个关键作用。然而，内在的机制仍然保持不清楚。这里，我们证明 p28GANK 在 endoplasmic 蜂窝胃导致的 HCC 房间禁止 apoptosis (嗯) 应力。在期间嗯应力， p28GANK 提高展开的蛋白质反应，支持嗯从翻译压抑的恢复，并且从而便于房间的能力应付压力条件。而且， p28GANK upregulates 调整葡萄糖的蛋白质 78 (GRP78 ) ，一把钥匙嗯女伴蛋白质，它随后提高合拢能力的 ER 并且支持恢复从嗯应力。我们也证明 p28GANK 增加 p38 激活 mitogen 的蛋白质 kinase 和 Akt phosphorylation，并且禁止原子因素 kappa B (NF-B ) 激活在下面嗯强调 upregulation，它接着贡献 GRP78。一起拿，我们的结果显示 p28GANK 禁止嗯在 HCC 房间的导致压力的 apoptosis，至少部分地，由提高适应反应和 GRP78 表示。我们建议 p28GANK 在 ER 压力条件下面为 HCC 前进有潜在的含意。

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

Three high-nitrogen stainless steels with different N contents were successfully processed by equal-channel angular pressing for one pass, and their microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. It was found that the microstructure of the billet was heterogeneous across the billet thickness, resulting in the difference in the mechanical properties due to the different deformation conditions. A relatively low strength, high uniform elongation, and high work- hardening rate for the samples at the bottom of the billet was achieved in comparison with those processed at the top. Meanwhile, it was observed that the density of deformation twins increased with the content of N; accordingly, the strength and elongation of the alloys increase with the content of N, resulting in a good strength-ductility combination.

Study on Micron Porous Copper Prepared by Physical Vacuum Dealloying

Porous copper was prepared successfully by physical vacuum dealloying method using the CuZn alloy pre- cursors （Cu30Zn70, Cu40Zn60 and Cu50Zn50 alloys）. The micron porous copper showed a three-dimensional continuous porous structure with 1-5 μm pore size. With the increase of the Zn content in the CuZn alloy, the pore structure of the porous copper was more uniform and ordered. Temperature was the key factor for physical dealloying, and the optimized temperature was 500 ℃ for the CuZn alloy. The pores would fuse and disappear when the temperature was over 500 ℃. Physical vacuum dealloying was an effective preparation method for porous copper, which can be used to prepare other porous metals based on the sublimation and the Kirkendall effect.

Effect of Microstructure on Corrosion Behavior of Mg–Sr Alloy in Hank's Solution

Mg–Sr alloy has been studied as a potential biodegradable material with excellent bioactivity to promote the bone formation. However, its degradation behavior needs to be well controlled to avoid the negative effect, which is important for future application. Therefore in this study, the microstructure and its effect on corrosion behavior of an Mg–1.5 Sr alloy were investigated. The microstructures of the alloy under different processing procedures were characterized by both optical and scanning electron microscopes. The corrosion performance was studied in Hank's solution using immersion,potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) tests. The results showed that the grain size and the amount and distribution of b-Mg_(17)Sr_2 had obvious effects on the corrosion behavior of Mg–Sr alloy. The smaller the grain size was, the more the protective surface layer formed on Mg–Sr alloy, and the higher the corrosion resistance was. For the as-cast Mg–Sr alloy, the network-like second phases precipitated along the grain boundaries could not hinder the corrosion due to their own corrosion cracking accelerating the intergranular corrosion. However, the refinement of second phases increased the corrosion resistance of the as-extruded alloy. After solution treatment at 450 °C for 5 h, the grains in the alloy did not grow much and b-Mg_(17)Sr_2 phases homogenously distributed in the alloy, resulting in the increase in corrosion resistance. However, after aging treatment, large amount of precipitated second phases increased the galvanic corrosion of the alloy, accelerating the development of corrosion.

Effect of Cold Deformation on the Friction–Wear Property of a Biomedical Nickel-Free High-Nitrogen Stainless Steel

The microstructural,mechanical and corrosion properties of different cold-rolled biomedical nickel-free highnitrogen stainless steels（NFHNSSs） were investigated to study the effect of cold deformation on its dry wear resistance as well as corrosion–wear behaviors in distilled water and Hank＇s solution. The results indicated that NFHNSS was characterized by stable austenite and possessed excellent work-hardening capacity; due to increasing cold deformation,the corrosion resistance just decreased very slightly and the dry wear rate decreased initially but subsequently increased,while the corrosion–wear resistance was improved monotonically in both distilled water and Hank＇s solution in spite of the presence of corrosive ions. The friction coefficients for different cold-rolled NFHNSSs were very close under the same lubricating condition,but they were the largest in distilled water compared to that in dry wear tests and Hank＇s solution.