Noninferiority clinical trial comparing the bowel cleansing efficacy of sodium phosphate tablets(Quiklean®)with a polyethylene glycol/bisacodyl kit

BACKGROUND Efficient bowel cleansing is essential for a successful colonoscopy,but the ideal cleansing agent,volume,and pharmaceutical dosage form have yet to be determined.Small-volume cleansers enhance patient compliance.AIM To compare the bowel cleansing efficacy of 32-tablet sodium phosphate(Quiklean®)with 2-L polyethylene glycol(PEG)/bisacodyl(Klean-Prep/Dulcolax®)under identical dietary recommendations.METHODS This multicenter,randomized,parallel-group,noninferiority clinical trial enrolled 472 outpatients,randomized 456 subjects,and scheduled 442 subjects to undergo colonoscopy(Quiklean®=222 and Klean-Prep/Dulcolax®=220).After bowel preparation,a colonoscopist performed the colonoscopy with video recorded for rating.The primary efficacy endpoint was the bowel cleansing quality using the Aronchick Scale.The secondary endpoints were the bowel cleansing efficacy of three colon segments,tolerability and acceptability,safety using the Ottawa bowel preparation scale,questionnaires by subjects,and monitoring of adverse events.RESULTS Success rates(Excellent+Good)of the bowel cleansing quality by Aronchick Scale were 98.6%(n=205)and 97.6%(n=204)in the Quiklean®and Klean-Prep/Dulcolax®groups,respectively.Quiklean®demonstrated noninferiority over Klean-Prep/Dulcolax®in colon cleansing efficacy.Quicken showed better tolerability and acceptability in the overall experience(was rated as excellent;24.0%vs 17.2%;P=0.0016)and the taste of the study preparation(was rated as excellent,23.1%vs 13.4%;P<0.0001)than Klean-Prep/Dulcolax®.Safety profiles did not differ between the two groups.Our data indicate that Quiklean®is an adequate,well-tolerated bowel cleansing preparation compared with the standard comparator Klean-Prep/Dulcolax®.CONCLUSION Quiklean®is sodium phosphate tablets available on Taiwan’s market for bowel preparation;it potentially offers patients an alternative to standard large-volume bowel preparation regimens and may,therefore,increase positive attitudes toward colonoscopies and participation rates.

结合PTFE与热激化的燃烧合成原位生成Zr_2Al_3C_4/Al_2O_3复材（英文）

采用自蔓延燃烧合成(SHS)结合ZrO_2铝热还原与PTFE化学激化制备Zr_2Al_3C_4–Al_2O_3复材。原料包括氧化锆、铝、碳黑和PTFE粉末。除了传统的SHS方法外,合成实验以化学炉辅助的燃烧合成法(COSHS)进行。实验发现,达成自蔓延燃烧的最低PTFE含量为2%(质量分数)。当使用传统SHS方法时,由于燃烧温度低(1152~1272°C)且反应时间不足,合成复材中主要的碳化物为ZrC,而不是Zr_2Al_3C_4。但是,当应用COSHS技术时,燃烧温度可提高至1576°C,而且反应在高温下的时间增长,同时可避免铝蒸气的流失;因此,可以成功制备内含少许Zr_3Al_3C_5的Zr_2Al_3C_4-Al_2O_3复材。Zr_2Al_3C_4晶粒为平板状,厚度约2μm,长度约10~30μm,多数晶粒紧密堆栈成层状微结构。