新疆部分地区7~19岁儿童青少年散光现况

目的:调查中国新疆部分地区7~19岁儿童青少年散光现况,分析新疆儿童青少年散光的分布规律。方法:横断面研究。2019-05/12在新疆部分地区采取立意抽样调查41所学校,其中20所小学、21所中学,最终共纳入71838名儿童青少年作为调查对象进行相关眼部检查。结果:71838名学生检出散光(柱镜度≤-0.50D)35888名,散光检出率49.96%,其中在不同年龄、性别、教育程度、地区及民族之间散光检出率比较有差异(均P<0.001)。7~16岁之间随着年龄的增加散光检出率呈上升趋势,16岁达到最高为57.60%,16~19岁散光检出率呈下降趋势,散光检出率总体随着年龄增长呈上升趋势;随着教育程度的增加散光检出率呈上升趋势,且男生散光检出率(51.25%)高于女生(48.62%),省会城市散光检出率(50.99%)高于非省会城市(48.05%);汉族散光检出率(53.41%)高于维吾尔族(40.17%)、哈萨克族(48.23%)、柯尔克孜族(45.56%)、回族(48.87%)等;散光类型主要以顺规散光为主(74.53%),且随着年龄的增加顺规散光构成比呈下降趋势,而逆规散光及斜向散光构成比呈上升趋势。Logistic回归分析最终结果显示年龄、性别、民族、地区及教育程度均是散光的影响因素。结论:中国新疆部分地区7~19岁儿童青少年散光检出率49.96%,且以顺规散光(74.53%)为主。年龄、性别、民族、地区及教育程度均是散光的影响因素。

新疆和田地区居民干眼现况调查与分析

目的:评估中国新疆和田地区居民干眼的患病率和潜在的相关危险因素。方法:2019-01/09在中国新疆和田地区采取立意抽样的方法选取105个村18~98岁居民共计6 027人作为受试者,并进行横断面研究。调查者采用眼表疾病指数(OSDI)问卷的方式收集干眼主观症状,检查荧光素染色泪膜破裂时间(FBUT)及泪液分泌试验(SchirmerⅠ试验)来收集客观体征,从而分析干眼患病率及其危险因素。结果:从中国新疆和田地区居民中招募18~98岁共6 339名受试者进行相关眼部检查和问卷调查,其中有效问卷6 027份,有效回收率为95.08%。6 027名受试者中干眼检出率为40.37%(2 433/6 027),其中男性、女性干眼检出率分别为36.47%(846/2 320)、42.81%(1 587/3 707);18~24岁、25~34岁、35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁、≥65岁干眼检出率分别为13.77%、15.67%、33.31%、46.35%、47.65%、53.50%。根据干眼严重程度分为轻度干眼、中度干眼及重度干眼,它们的构成比依次为80.11%、19.03%、0.86%。结论:干眼在研究人群中的患病率为40.37%,女性干眼患病率高于男性,且随年龄的增加干眼患病率呈上升趋势,高龄和女性是干眼的危险因素。

Association of MMP-9 gene polymorphisms with acute coronary syndrome in the Uygur population of China

BACKGROUND：Matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） plays a pivotal role in early atherosclerosis, vascular remodeling and development of atherosclerotic lesion. The potentially functional MMP-9 gene polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility of acute coronary syndrome （ACS）. This study aimed to investigate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms （-1562C〉T, R279Q） of the MMP-9 gene in patients with ACS in the Uygur population of China. METHODS：This case-control study was composed of 361 ACS patients and 432 control subjects, who had undergone coronary angiography. Among the ACS patients, 162 （44.9%） had single-vessel disease, 145 （40.2%） had two-vessel disease, and 54 （14.9%） had three-vessel disease. The genotypes of the two selected SNPs were determined by the method of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP-PCR）. The relationship between the polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene and the severity of coronary arterial stenosis was analyzed.RESULTS： Analysis of the two SNPs showed that the frequency of CT and TT genotypes in patients with ACS was significantly higher than that in the control group （ACS vs. controls; CT＋TT： 25.5% vs. 15.8%, P=0.001）. And the -1562 gene allele （C/T） was significantly associated with acute coronary syndrome （ACS vs. controls; C allele： 85.7% vs. 91.5%, T allele： 14.3% vs. 8.5%, P〈0.001）. But the frequencies of CT＋TT and CC genotypes were not statistically different among ACS patients with one, two and three or more significantly diseased vessels （P=0.55）. The R279Q polymorphism site with regard to the association with ACS was not significant （P〉0.05）. The presence of CT or TT genotypes, assuming codominant effect of the T allele, was independently associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease when adjustment was made for age, body mass index, smoking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus [odds ratio=1.737 （95% confidence interval, 1.337-2.257）, P=0.018]. CONCLUSIONS： MMP-9-1562C〉T polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to ACS in the Uygur population of China. However, this mutation apparently is not related to the severity of coronary arterial stenosis. Another SNP （R279Q） polymorphism of MMP-9 is not significantly associated with the risk of ACS.

Myocardial injury is associated with higher mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019:a meta-analysis

In December 2019,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)broke out in Wuhan,China,and has spread widely all over the world,reaching the pandemic level.[1]According to the latest WHO report,693,224 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed globally as of March 30,2020,with more than 33,000 deaths.[2]Because COVID-19 is highly contagious and harmful,it is crucial to determine the predictors of severe infection and death for risk stratification and guiding clinical treatment and intervention.

Characteristics and outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve replacement in China:a report from China aortic valve transcatheter replacement registry(CARRY)

Background:The past decade has witnessed an ever-increasing momentum of transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)and a subsequent paradigm shift in the contemporary management of severe aortic stenosis(AS).We conducted a multi-centric TAVR registry based on Chinese patients(the China Aortic valve tRanscatheter Replacement registrY[CARRY])to delineate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Chinese patients who underwent TAVR and compare the results between different valve types in different Chinese regions.Methods:CARRY is an all-comer registry of aortic valve disease patients undergoing TAVR across China and was designed as an observational study that retrospectively included all TAVR patients at each participating site.Seven hospitals in China participated in the CARRY,and 1204 patients from April 2012 to November 2020 were included.Categorical variables were compared using the chi-squared test,and continuous variables were analyzed using a t test or analysis of variance(ANOVA)test.The Kaplan–Meier curve was used to estimate the risk of adverse events during follow-up.Results:The mean age of the patients was 73.8±6.5 years and 57.2%were male.The median Society of Thoracic Surgeon-Predicted Risk of Mortality score was 6.0(3.7–8.9).Regarding the aortic valve,the proportion of bicuspid aortic valve(BAV)was 48.5%.During the hospital stay,the stroke rate was 0.7%,and the incidence of high-degree atrioventricular block indicating permanent pacemaker implantation was 11.0%.The in-hospital all-cause mortality rate was 2.2%.After 1 year,the overall mortality rate was 4.5%.Compared to patients with tricuspid aortic valve(TAV),those with BAV had similar in-hospital complication rates,but a lower incidence of in-hospital mortality(1.4%vs.3.3%)and 1 year mortality(2.3%vs.5.8%).Conclusions:TAVR candidates in China were younger,higher proportion of BAV,and had lower rates of post-procedural complications and mortality than other international all-comer registries.Given the use of early generation valves in the majority of the population,patients with BAV had similar rates of complications,but lower mortality than those with TAV.These findings further propel the extension of TAVR in low-risk patients.

Anatomical characteristics of patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in China

With accumulating evidence of transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)worldwide,it is gradually realized that patients being treated are different across different coun-tries,including but not limited to their age,habitus,disease etiology,aortic valve morphology,and sizes of structures.[1]In China,the average age of TAVR patients is around 5 years younger than industrialized countries,[2]making Chinese patients a good predictive sample of what the industrialized countries might see in TAVR screening in the near future due to the expansion of this technique to younger patients,but anatomical features appreciated from multi-slice computed tomography(MSCT)in the Chinese patient population have not been well demonstrated.

Is there a role for B lymphocyte chimerism in the monitoring of B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation?

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and significance of B-cell chimerism for the detection of early engraftment, transplant rejection, and disease relapse. Methods: The dynamic monitoring of lineage-specific cell subtypes (B, T, and NK cells) was made in 20 B-cell acute lympho-blastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In the early period after allo-HSCT, the latest establishment of B-cell complete chimerism (CC) was observed in a majority of patients. Results: The percentage of donor cells of B-cell lineage was lower than the percent of T-cell lineage in most of the mixed chimerism (MC) patients. During graft rejection, the frequency of patients with decreasing MC of B-, T-and NK-cell lineage were 5/5, 2/5, and 2/5. When disease relapsed, five patients showed a faster decrease of the donor percent of B-cells than of T-or NK-cells. Only one patient displayed a more rapid decrease in NK-cells than in T-or B-cells. Conclusion: Monitoring of B-cell chimerism after HSCT seems to be valuable for insuring complete engraftment, anticipating graft rejection, and relapse in B-ALL patients. Copyright ? 2015, Chinese Medical Association Production. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).