Objective:Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)studies have demonstrated anatomical and functional alterations of brain regions in patients with migraine,and the efficacy of acupuncture for migraine could regulate these abn...Objective:Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)studies have demonstrated anatomical and functional alterations of brain regions in patients with migraine,and the efficacy of acupuncture for migraine could regulate these abnormal alterations.However,its pathogenesis remains ambiguous,and inconsistent results have been reported.The purpose of this study was to explore abnormal structural and functional alterations in patients with migraine using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)analysis and a seed-based functional connectivity(FC)approach and to provide a basis for future research.Methods:The study recruited 34 patients with migraine and 38 healthy controls who underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).VBM was evaluated across the whole brain,and group differences in the gray matter(GM)were compared.The significantly altered GM volumes considered as the seeding area were further calculated for the FC of the whole brain.The correlation between structural or functional changes of the brain and clinical features was also evaluated.Results:Patients with migraine manifested higher GM volumes in the left occipital lobe than healthy controls.Seed-based analyses demonstrated reduced FC between the left occipital lobe and right inferior frontal gyrus,extending to the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and right insula.Decreased FC in the left ACC was positively correlated with visual analog scale(VAS)and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS).展开更多
Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and severe consequences.Several published studies have revealed that electroacupuncture may reli...Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and severe consequences.Several published studies have revealed that electroacupuncture may relieve OSAS symptoms.However,the mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS remains unclear.Methods and analysis:We evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS.This was a two-group parallel randomized controlled trial.Sixty patients with OSAS will be randomly divided into an electro-acupuncture or shallow acupuncture group in a proportion of 1:1,and the patients will be administered 36 sessions of electro/shallow acupuncture treatment(three times a week for 12 weeks,20 min for each session).The Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) will be used as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes will include polysomnography(PSG),sleep quality,emotional state,and cognitive function.In addition,patients will receive neuroimaging scanning before and after the entire acupuncture treatment to evaluate neuroplasticity changes,including gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections.Expected outcomes:We believe that the use of electro-acupuncture will be more effective in patients with mild to moderate OSAS and that the cognitive and emotional status of patients will improve after acupuncture treatment.In addition,we aim to clarify which brain areas can be altered by acupuncture in patients with OSAS.Discussion:This randomized clinical trial aims to explore the curative effect and central mechanism of acupuncture treatment for OSAS.We will explore gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections of the brain using fMRI technology.The results of this study will be significant to the guidelines for clinical OSAS treatment.展开更多
Let G be a graph of maximum degree at most four. By using the overlap matrix method which is introduced by B. Mohar, we show that the average genus of G is not less than 1/3 of its maximum genus, and the bound is best...Let G be a graph of maximum degree at most four. By using the overlap matrix method which is introduced by B. Mohar, we show that the average genus of G is not less than 1/3 of its maximum genus, and the bound is best possible. Also, a new lower bound of average genus in terms of girth is derived.展开更多
In this paper,we obtain the thickness for some complete k-partite graphs for k=2,3.We first compute the thickness of K_(n,n+8)by giving a planar decomposition of K_(4k-1,4k+7)for k≥3.Then,two planar decompositions fo...In this paper,we obtain the thickness for some complete k-partite graphs for k=2,3.We first compute the thickness of K_(n,n+8)by giving a planar decomposition of K_(4k-1,4k+7)for k≥3.Then,two planar decompositions for K_(1,g,g)(g-1)when g is even and for K^(1,g,1/2(g-1)2)when g is odd are obtained.Using a recursive construction,we also obtain the thickness for some complete tripartite graphs.The results here support the long-standing conjecture that the thickness of K_(m,n)is[mn/2(m+n-2)]for any positive integers m,n.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund:82004197Department of Science and Technology,National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:GZY-KJS-2022-029The fifth batch of national research and training programs for clinical talents of traditional Chinese medicine,Project for new teachers of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine:2020-JYB-XJSJJ-045。
文摘Objective:Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)studies have demonstrated anatomical and functional alterations of brain regions in patients with migraine,and the efficacy of acupuncture for migraine could regulate these abnormal alterations.However,its pathogenesis remains ambiguous,and inconsistent results have been reported.The purpose of this study was to explore abnormal structural and functional alterations in patients with migraine using voxel-based morphometry(VBM)analysis and a seed-based functional connectivity(FC)approach and to provide a basis for future research.Methods:The study recruited 34 patients with migraine and 38 healthy controls who underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).VBM was evaluated across the whole brain,and group differences in the gray matter(GM)were compared.The significantly altered GM volumes considered as the seeding area were further calculated for the FC of the whole brain.The correlation between structural or functional changes of the brain and clinical features was also evaluated.Results:Patients with migraine manifested higher GM volumes in the left occipital lobe than healthy controls.Seed-based analyses demonstrated reduced FC between the left occipital lobe and right inferior frontal gyrus,extending to the anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)and right insula.Decreased FC in the left ACC was positively correlated with visual analog scale(VAS)and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (82004197)Project for New Teachers of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (2020-JYB-XJSJJ-046)。
文摘Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is considered a major public health issue due to its high prevalence and severe consequences.Several published studies have revealed that electroacupuncture may relieve OSAS symptoms.However,the mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS remains unclear.Methods and analysis:We evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of electro-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with OSAS.This was a two-group parallel randomized controlled trial.Sixty patients with OSAS will be randomly divided into an electro-acupuncture or shallow acupuncture group in a proportion of 1:1,and the patients will be administered 36 sessions of electro/shallow acupuncture treatment(three times a week for 12 weeks,20 min for each session).The Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) will be used as the primary outcome.Secondary outcomes will include polysomnography(PSG),sleep quality,emotional state,and cognitive function.In addition,patients will receive neuroimaging scanning before and after the entire acupuncture treatment to evaluate neuroplasticity changes,including gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections.Expected outcomes:We believe that the use of electro-acupuncture will be more effective in patients with mild to moderate OSAS and that the cognitive and emotional status of patients will improve after acupuncture treatment.In addition,we aim to clarify which brain areas can be altered by acupuncture in patients with OSAS.Discussion:This randomized clinical trial aims to explore the curative effect and central mechanism of acupuncture treatment for OSAS.We will explore gray matter density,white matter integrity,and functional connections of the brain using fMRI technology.The results of this study will be significant to the guidelines for clinical OSAS treatment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10901048)
文摘Let G be a graph of maximum degree at most four. By using the overlap matrix method which is introduced by B. Mohar, we show that the average genus of G is not less than 1/3 of its maximum genus, and the bound is best possible. Also, a new lower bound of average genus in terms of girth is derived.
基金supported by the JSSCRC(Grant No.2021530)NNSFC under Grant No.12271392。
文摘In this paper,we obtain the thickness for some complete k-partite graphs for k=2,3.We first compute the thickness of K_(n,n+8)by giving a planar decomposition of K_(4k-1,4k+7)for k≥3.Then,two planar decompositions for K_(1,g,g)(g-1)when g is even and for K^(1,g,1/2(g-1)2)when g is odd are obtained.Using a recursive construction,we also obtain the thickness for some complete tripartite graphs.The results here support the long-standing conjecture that the thickness of K_(m,n)is[mn/2(m+n-2)]for any positive integers m,n.
