Prophylactic intra-peritoneal drain placement following pancreaticoduodenectomy:A systematic review and metaanalysis

AIM:To conduct a meta-analysis comparing outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)with or without prophylactic drainage.METHODS:Relevant comparative randomized and nonrandomized studies were systemically searched based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Postoperative outcomes were compared between patients with and those without routine drainage.Pooled odds ratios(OR)with 95%CI were calculated using either fixed effects or random effects models.RESULTS:One randomized controlled trial and four non-randomized comparative studies recruiting 1728patients were analyzed.Patients without prophylactic drainage after PD had significantly higher mortality(OR=2.32,95%CI:1.11-4.85;P=0.02),despite the fact that they were associated with fewer overall complications(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.48-0.82;P=0.00),major complications(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.60-0.93;P=0.01)and readmissions(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.60-0.98;P=0.04).There were no significant differences in the rates of pancreatic fistula,intraabdominal abscesses,postpancreatectomy hemorrhage,biliary fistula,delayed gastric emptying,reoperation or radiologic-guided drains between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Indiscriminate abandonment of intraabdominal drainage following PD is associated with greater mortality,but lower complication rates.Future randomized trials should compare routine vs selective drainage.

Protective effects of combined treatment with ciprofol and mild therapeutic hypothermia during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

Despite improvement in cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)performance,cardiac arrest(CA)is still associated with poor prognosis.The high mortality rate is due to multi-organ dysfunction caused by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury(I/R).The guidelines for CPR suggest the use of therapeutic hypothermia(TH)as an effective treatment to decrease mortality and the only approach confirmed to reduce I/R injury.During TH,sedative agents(propofol)and analgesia agents(fentanyl)are commonly used to prevent shiver and pain.However,propofol has been associated with a number of serious adverse effects such as metabolic acidosis,cardiac asystole,myocardial failure,and death.In addition,mild TH alters the pharmacokinetics of agents(propofol and fentanyl)and reduces their systemic clearance.For CA patients undergoing TH,propofol can be overdosed,leading to delayed awakening,prolonged mechanical ventilation,and other subsequent complications.Ciprofol(HSK3486)is a novel anesthetic agent that is convenient and easy to administer intravenously outside the operating room.Ciprofol is rapidly metabolized and accumulates at low concentrations after continuous infusion in a stable circulatory system compared to propofol.Therefore,we hypothesized that treatment with HSK3486 and mild TH after CA could protect the brain and other organs.

Enhanced deposition of Zn O films by Li doping using radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering

Radio frequency(RF) reactive magnetron sputtering was utilized to deposit Li-doped and undoped zinc oxide(Zn O) films on silicon wafers. Various Ar/O2 gas ratios by volume and sputtering powers were selected for each deposition process. The results demonstrate that the enhanced Zn O films are obtained via Li doping. The average deposition rate for doped Zn O films is twice more than that of the undoped films. Both atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies indicate that Li doping significantly contributes to the higher degree of crystallinity of wurtzite–Zn O. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrates that Li doping promotes the(002) preferential orientation in Li-doped Zn O films. However, an increase in the Zn O lattice constant, broadening of the(002) peak and a decrease in the peak integral area are observed in some Li-doped samples, especially as the form of Li2 O. This implies that doping with Li expands the crystal structure and thus induces the additional strain in the crystal lattice. The oriented-growth Li-doped Zn O will make significant applications in future surface acoustic wave devices.

Establishment of a rapid detection method of Ureaplasma urealyticum based on recombinant polymerase amplification

Ureaplasma urealyticum(UU),is one of the most vital pathogens causing genitourinary tract infections of the body,and it can result in poor maternal and perinatal outcomes.The aim of this study was to establish a method to detect Ureaplasma urealyticum based on recombinant polymerase amplification(RPA)technique.Specific primers and probes were designed according to the 16sRNA gene sequence of Ureaplasma urealyticum.Six pathogens were detected for real-time fluorescence RPA specificity verification,including Mycoplasma hominis(MH),Chlamydia trachomatis(CT),Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG),Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,and Lactobacillus vaginalis.The sensitivity of the method was performed by gradient dilution of the extracted template.A total of 60 clinical samples were detected by the established real-time fluorescence RPA.Detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum can be completed within 20 minutes at 39°C using established RPA method.The minimum detection limit of Ureaplasma urealyticum by real-time fluorescence RPA was 3 pg.The evaluation of 60 clinical samples proved that RPA method was feasible.A high specificity,sensitivity,simplicity and rapidity method for Ureaplasma urealyticum detection was successfully established based on the real-time fluorescence RPA method.

Single Zn atoms anchored on hollow carbon nanofiber network for dendrite-free lithium metal anode of flexible Li–S full cell

The attractive energy density of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries makes them desirable energy storage systems;however,the slow reaction kinetics and formation of lithium dendrites prevent them from reaching full potential.To address this issue,hierarchical porous carbon nanofibers network containing Zn single atoms(ZnSA@HPCNF)is synthesized by electrospinning and carbonization.This structure serves as the main anode body,providing excellent chemical anchoring and lipophilicity.The uniform distribution of Zn single atoms and N4coordination supports uniform deposition and continuous plating/stripping of lithium.The results show that the Li|Li/ZnSA@HPCNF symmetrical battery presents stable and low overpotential during 700-and 900-h iterative plating/stripping process at1 and 5 mA·cm^(-2),respectively.Furthermore,the S/CNT||Li/ZnSA@HPCNF full cell shows good flexibility,reversible capacity and cycling stability.This work provides a lithium host strategy based on single-atom dispersed hierarchical porous carbon network,enabling the design of rational lithium metal anodes for use in flexible Li-S full cells.

Chitin-derived fibrous carbon microspheres as support of polyamine for remarkable CO_(2) capture

Supported polyamines are promising candidates for the chemical adsorption of CO_(2),the performance of which is highly dependent on the porous structure of supports.In this work,we synthesized a kind of fibrous carbon microspheres(FCMs)from environmentally friendly and low-cost chitin.The synthesized FCMs have microspheric morphology and fibrous sub-architecture,and the carbon fibers interweave to form pores with large diameters.The flexibility of the pores formed by the interweaving of carbon fibers also enable the supporting of high quantity of polyamines.Given these features,pentaethylenehexamine(PEHA)was physically dispersed in the pores of FCMs to prepare PEHA/FCMs adsorbents,which were systematically characterized and investigated for CO_(2) capture performance.It is found that PEHA/FCMs adsorbents show excellent ability for CO_(2) adsorption,with the highest CO_(2) capacity of 3.90 mmol g^(-1) at 75℃ when using 10 vol%of CO_(2) for determinations.The reversibility of PEHA/FCMs adsorbents for CO_(2) adsorption is also fairly good,and PEHA/FCMs adsorbents have strong ability for the selective adsorption of low-content CO_(2) from N_(2).

Characteristics and Correlation Analysis of Negative Emotions, Quality of Life, and Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Lung Cancer after Surgery: A Cross-sectional Study

Objective:The objective of the study was to observe and analyze the characteristics of negative emotions and quality of life(QoL)in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC)from 1 to 3 months after surgery,and summarize their population characteristics after surgery.Materials and Methods:The consolidation rehabilitation period was defined as 1 to 3 months after surgery.The main observation indicators were the general Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core QoL Questionnaire(EORTC QLQ-C30),and EORTC QLQ-Lung Cancer-13.The secondary observation indicators were peripheral blood cytokines and immune function indicators.Statistical methods such as one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to analyze the characteristics of this part of the population.Results:Among patients who underwent lung surgery,the overall incidence of anxiety during consolidation recovery was 13.66%,and that of depression was 10.38%.The scores of fatigue,pain,dyspnea,insomnia,and loss of appetite were significantly higher than those of other symptoms(P=0.000).The presence of anxiety was associated with the site of surgery(P<0.05)and the presence of depression was associated with emotional functioning and dyspnea(P<0.05).Conclusions:The occurrence of negative emotions in the postoperative NSCLC population is related to gender,and the degree of emotions is negatively correlated with QoL and positively correlated with the degree of symptoms.The main relevant syndromes are the pulmonary and meridian categories.