Effects of acid-rock reaction on physical properties during CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)injection in shale reservoirs

"Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"is an essential national strategy,and the geological storage and utilization of CO_(2)is a hot issue today.However,due to the scarcity of pure CO_(2)gas sources in China and the high cost of CO_(2)capture,CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)is gradually emerging into the public's gaze.CO_(2)has good adsorption properties on shale surfaces,but acidic gases can react with shale,so the mechanism of the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction and the change in reservoir properties will determine the stability of geological storage.Therefore,based on the mineral composition of the Longmaxi Formation shale,this study constructs a thermodynamic equilibrium model of water-rock reactions and simulates the regularity of reactions between CO_(2)-rich IWG and shale minerals.The results indicate that CO_(2)consumed 12%after reaction,and impurity gases in the CO_(2)-rich IWG can be dissolved entirely,thus demonstrating the feasibility of treating IWG through water-rock reactions.Since IWG inhibits the dissolution of CO_(2),the optimal composition of CO_(2)-rich IWG is 95%CO_(2)and 5%IWG when CO_(2)geological storage is the main goal.In contrast,when the main goal is the geological storage of total CO_(2)-rich IWG or impurity gas,the optimal CO_(2)-rich IWG composition is 50%CO_(2)and 50%IWG.In the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction,temperature has less influence on the water-rock reaction,while pressure is the most important parameter.SO2 has the greatest impact on water-rock reaction in gas.For minerals,clay minerals such as illite and montmorillonite had a significant effect on water-rock reaction.The overall reaction is dominated by precipitation and the volume of the rock skeleton has increased by 0.74 cm3,resulting in a decrease in shale porosity,which enhances the stability of CO_(2)geological storage to some extent.During the reaction between CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale at simulated temperatures and pressures,precipitation is the main reaction,and shale porosity decreases.However,as the reservoir water content increases,the reaction will first dissolve and then precipitate before dissolving again.When the water content is less than 0.0005 kg or greater than 0.4 kg,it will lead to an increase in reservoir porosity,which ultimately reduces the long-term geological storage stability of CO_(2)-rich IWG.

高糖饮食与近视发生发展关系研究进展

近视已成为影响我国国民尤其是青少年眼健康的重大公共卫生问题,被列为世界三大疾病之一。近视的病因复杂,目前认为主要与环境因素和遗传因素相关。饮食因素较少被关注,但已有文献报道,高糖饮食与近视发生发展之间存在相关性。研究发现,高糖饮食可引起高胰岛素血症,从而介导视网膜胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1、IGF-2)表达水平升高,巩膜成纤维细胞中胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)表达水平降低,从而激活信号转导及转录激活蛋白3(STAT3)信号通路,再作用于巩膜基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)/转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)等因子,导致巩膜细胞外基质(ECM)减少,最终导致巩膜重塑眼轴增长而发生近视。本文通过查阅相关文献,从流行病学及生物学机制方面探讨高糖饮食与近视发生发展的关系,为近视防控提供研究方向。

5-methoxytryptophan induced apoptosis and PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a phosphorylation in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide,and new therapeutic targets urgently need to be found to prolong patient survival.5-methoxytryptophan(5-MTP)is a tryptophan metabolite found in animals and humans.However,the effects of 5-MTP on proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells are currently unknown.AIM To investigate the effects of 5-MTP on the proliferation,migration,invasion,and apoptosis abilities of CRC cells.Additionally,we seek to explore whether 5-MTP has the potential to be utilized as a drug for the treatment of CRC.METHODS In order to evaluate the effect of 5-MTP on CRC cells,a series of experiments were conducted for evaluation.Colony formation assay and Cell Counting Kit 8 assays were used to investigate the impact of 5-MTP on the proliferation of CRC cell lines.Cell cycle assays were employed to examine the effect of 5-MTP on cellular growth.In addition,we investigated the effects of 5-MTP on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in HCT-116 cells.To obtain a deeper understanding of how 5-MTP affects CRC,we conducted a study to examine its influence on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in CRC cells.RESULTS This article showed that 5-MTP promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation in CRC cells.In many articles,it has been reported that PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways involved in internal regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Nevertheless, 5-MTP combined with PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway inhibitors significantly promotedapoptosis and cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation in CRC cells compared with 5-MTP alone in ourstudy.CONCLUSIONTherefore, there is strong evidence that 5-MTP can be used as an effective medicine for CRC treatment.

圆锥角膜的遗传模式研究

目的:探讨遗传因素在圆锥角膜发病中的作用及圆锥角膜的遗传模式。方法:采用遗传流行病学方法对2020-07/2023-04就诊于河南省立眼科医院的圆锥角膜患者100例的一级亲属280例的患病情况进行调查,采用Falconer回归法进行遗传度的估算,采用Penrose法进行一般遗传模式估计,采用Falconer公式、Edwards近似公式及江三多阈值模型推导公式进行遗传模式的确认。结果:纳入的圆锥角膜患者一级亲属中患有圆锥角膜者16例(5.714%),圆锥角膜遗传度为(86.100±7.400)%。Penrose法计算得出同胞患病率(S)/一般人群患病率(q)为35.348,接近1/(q)1/2,提示圆锥角膜符合多基因遗传模式。Falconer公式、Edwards近似公式及江三多阈值模型推导公式计算圆锥角膜患者一级亲属预期患病率分别为5.900%、7.714%、5.700%,与圆锥角膜患者一级亲属实际患病率(5.714%)均无显著差异,提示圆锥角膜为多基因遗传病。结论:遗传因素在圆锥角膜的发病中占有重要作用,圆锥角膜是一种多基因遗传病。

Effect of a disposable endoscope precleaning kit in the cleaning procedure of gastrointestinal endoscope:A multi-center observational study

BACKGROUND Precleaning is a key step in endoscopic reprocessing.AIM To develop an effective and economic endoscope cleaning method by using a disposable endoscope bedside precleaning kit.METHODS Altogether,228 used gastrointestinal endoscopes were selected from five high-volume endoscopy units and precleaned by a traditional precleaning bucket(group T)or a disposable endoscope bedside precleaning kit(group D).Each group was further subdivided based on the replacement frequency of the cleaning solution,which was replaced every time in subgroups T1 and D1 and every several times in subgroups Ts and Ds.The adenosine triphosphate(ATP)level and residual proteins were measured three times:Before and after precleaning and after manual cleaning.RESULTS After precleaning,the precleaning kit significantly reduced the ATP levels(P=0.034)and has a more stable ATP clearance rate than the traditional precleaning bucket.The precleaning kit also saved a quarter of the cost of enzymatic detergent used during the precleaning process.After manual cleaning,the ATP levels were also significantly lower in the precleaning kit group than in the traditional precleaning bucket group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the number of uses of the cleaning solution(up to four times)has no significant impact on the cleaning effect(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Considering its economic cost and cleaning effect,the use of a disposable endoscope bedside precleaning kit can be an optimal option in the precleaning stage with the cleaning solution being replaced several times in the manual cleaning stage.

MCs介导的COX2-PGE2-Eps信号通路在IBS内脏高敏感性中的机制研究

肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是功能性胃肠病的一种,其病理生理机制复杂,涉及遗传因素、心理社会因素、黏膜低度炎症、肠道屏障改变、肠道菌群紊乱、神经免疫异常及内脏高敏感性等多种机制.近年来,内脏高敏感性在IBS中的作用机制成为研究热点.肥大细胞(mast cells,MCs)是分布在中枢系统及消化系统的一种免疫细胞,其活化介导的COX2-PGE2-Eps信号通路从外周致敏及中枢敏化多方面协同作用参与了IBS内脏高敏感性的发生,为进一步明确IBS的病理机制提供了新的思路.

乌灵胶囊对卒中后抑郁大鼠海马P13K/Akt/mTOR通路和神经递质的影响

目的探讨乌灵胶囊对卒中后抑郁大鼠海马P13K/Akt/mTOR通路和神经递质影响。方法选取健康SD大鼠48只,随机分为对照组、模型组、低剂量组和高剂量组,每组12只。采用改良Zea-Longa法复制大脑中动脉缺血大鼠模型(MCAO模型),MCAO模型复制成功后皮下注射利血平复制卒中后抑郁模型。对照组和模型组给予等剂量双蒸水灌胃;低剂量组于模型复制成功后第2天给予40 mg乌灵胶囊;高剂量组于模型复制成功后第2天给予80 mg乌灵胶囊,1次/d。各组大鼠灌胃21 d。采用Western blotting检测大鼠海马组织海马组织PI3K、p-Akt和p-mTOR蛋白相对表达量;高效液相色谱法测定海马组织NE、DA和5-HT含量。结果模型组、低剂量组和高剂量组大鼠Zea Longa评分高于对照组(P<0.05),海马组织PI3K、p-Akt和p-mTOR蛋白相对表达量低于对照组(P<0.05),海马组织NE、DA和5-HT含量低于对照组(P<0.05);而低剂量组和高剂量组大鼠Zea Longa评分低于模型组(P<0.05),海马组织PI3K、p-Akt和p-mTOR蛋白相对表达量高于模型组(P<0.05),海马组织NE、DA和5-HT含量高于模型组(P<0.05)。结论乌灵胶囊可改善卒中后抑郁大鼠行为,且可调节海马P13K/Akt/mTOR通路,调节神经递质水平。

Effect of NDC80 in human hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM To investigate the role of nuclear division cycle(NDC)80in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis.METHODS NDC80 gene expression was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 47paired hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and adjacent tissues.The HCC cell line SMMC-7721 was transfected with lentivirus to silence endogenous NDC80 gene expression,which was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.The effects of NDC80silencing on SMMC-7721 cell proliferation were evaluated by Cellomics Array Scan VTI imaging.Cell cycle analysis and apoptosis were detected with flow cytometry.Colony formation was assessed by fluorescence microscopy.RESULTS NDC80 expression levels in HCC tissues were significantly higher than those in the adjacent tissues.Functional studies demonstrated that NDC80 silencing significantly reduced SMMC-7721 cell proliferation and colony formation.Knockdown of NDC80 resulted in increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S-phase.NDC80 contributed to HCC progression by reducing apoptosis and overcoming cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSION Elevated expression of NDC80 may play a role in promoting the development of HCC.

maturity of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy-derived liver regeneration in a rat model

AIM To establish a rat model for evaluating the maturity of liver regeneration derived from associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS).METHODS In the present study, ALPPS, partial hepatecotmy(PHx), and sham rat models were established initially, which were validated by significant increase of proliferative markers including Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and cyclin D1. In the setting of accelerated proliferation in volume at the second and fifth day after ALPPS, the characteristics of newborn hepatocytes, as well as specific markers of progenitor hepatic cell, were identified. Afterwards, the detection of liver function followed by cluster analysis of functional gene expression were performed to evaluate the maturity.RESULTS Compared with PHx and sham groups, the proliferation of f LR was significantly higher in ALPPS group(P = 0.023 and 0.001 at second day, P = 0.034 and P < 0.001 at fifth day after stage I). Meanwhile, the increased expression of proliferative markers including Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and cyclin D1 verified the accelerated liver regeneration derived from ALPPS procedure. However, ALPPS-induced Sox9 positive hepatocytes significantly increased beyond the portal triad, which indicated the progenitor hepatic cell was potentially involved. And the characteristics of ALPPSinduced hepatocytes indicated the lower expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and anti-tryptase in early proliferative stage. Both suggested the immaturity of ALPPS-derived liver regeneration. Additionally, the detection of liver function and functional genes expression confirmed the immaturity of renascent hepatocytes derived in early stage of ALPPS-derived liver regeneration.CONCLUSION Our study revealed the immaturity of ALPPS-derived proliferation in early regenerative response, which indicated that the volumetric assessment overestimated the functional proliferation. This could be convincing evidence that the stage Ⅱ of ALPPS should be performed prudently in patients with marginally adequate f LR, as the ALPPS-derived proliferation in volume lags behind the functional regeneration.

Repair of bile duct defect with degradable stent and autologous tissue in a porcine model

AIM:To introduce and evaluate a new method to repair bile duct defect with a degradable stent and autologous tissues. METHODS:Eight Baa mini-pigs were used in this study. Experimental models with common bile duct (CB ) defect (0.5-1.0 cm segment of CB resected) were established and then CB was reconstructed by duct to duct anastomosis with a novel degradable stent made of poly [sebacic acid-co-(1,3-propanediol)-co- (1,2-propanediol)]. In addition, a vascularized greater omentum was placed around the stent and both ends of CB . Cholangiography via gall bladder was per-formed for each pig at postoperative months 1 and 3 to rule out stent translocation and bile duct stricture. Complete blood count was examined pre-and post-operatively to estimate the inflammatory reaction. Liverenzymes and serum bilirubin were examined pre-and post-operatively to evaluate the liver function. Five pigs were sacrificed at month 3 to evaluate the healing of anastomosis. The other three pigs were raised for one year for long-term observation. RESULTS:All the animals underwent surgery successfully. There was no intraoperative mortality and no bile leakage during the observation period. The white blood cell counts were only slightly increased on day 14 and month 3 postoperatively compared with that before operation, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.652). The plasma level of alanine aminotrans-ferase on day 14 and month 3 postoperatively was also not significantly elevated compared with that before operation (P = 0.810). Nevertheless, the plasma level of γ-glutamyl transferase was increased after operation in both groups (P = 0.004), especially 2 wk after operation. The level of serum total bilirubin after operation was not significantly elevated compared with that before operation (P = 0.227), so did the serum direct bilirubin (P = 0.759). By cholangiography via gall bladder, we found that the stent maintained its integrity of shape and was still in situ at month 1, and it disap-peared completely at month 3. No severe CB dilation and stricture were observed at both months 1 and 3. No pig died during the 3-mo postoperative observation period. No sign of necrosis, bile duct stricture, bile leakage or abdominal abscess was found at reoperation at month 3 postoperatively. Pigs had neither fragments of stent nor stones formed in the CB . Collagen deposit was observed in the anastomosis by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and asson's trichrome stains. No severe cholestasis was observed in liver parenchyma by HE staining. Intestinal obstruction was found in a pig 4 mo after operation, and no bile leakage, bile duct stricture or biliary obstruction were observed in laparotomy. No sign of bile duct stricture or bile leakage was observed in the other two pigs. CONCLUSION:The novel method for repairing bileduct defect yielded a good short-term effect without postoperative bile duct stricture. However, the longterm effect should be further studied.

Promising key genes associated with tumor microenvironments and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Despite significant advances in multimodality treatments,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains one of the most common malignant tumors.Identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and molecular targets is urgently needed.AIM To identify potential key genes associated with tumor microenvironments and the prognosis of HCC.METHODS The infiltration levels of immune cells and stromal cells were calculated and quantified based on the ESTIMATE algorithm.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between high and low groups according to immune or stromal scores were screened using the gene expression profile of HCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas and were further linked to the prognosis of HCC.These genes were validated in four independent HCC cohorts.Survival-related key genes were identified by a LASSO Cox regression model.RESULTS HCC patients with a high immune/stromal score had better survival benefits than patients with a low score.A total of 899 DEGs were identified and found to be involved in immune responses and extracellular matrices,147 of which were associated with overall survival.Subsequently,52 of 147 survival-related DEGs were validated in additional cohorts.Finally,ten key genes(STSL2,TMC5,DOK5,RASGRP2,NLRC3,KLRB1,CD5L,CFHR3,ADH1C,and UGT2B15)were selected and used to construct a prognostic gene signature,which presented a good performance in predicting overall survival.CONCLUSION This study extracted a list of genes associated with tumor microenvironments and the prognosis of HCC,thereby providing several valuable directions for the prognostic prediction and molecular targeted therapy of HCC in the future.

Selection of suitable internal controls for gene expression normalization in rats with spinal cord injury

There is a lack of systematic research on the expression of internal control genes used for gene expression normalization in real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in spinal cord injury research.In this study,we used rat models of spinal cord hemisection to analyze the expression stability of 13 commonly applied reference genes:Actb,Ankrd27,CypA,Gapdh,Hprt1,Mrpl10,Pgk1,Rictor,Rn18s,Tbp,Ubc,Ubxn11,and Ywhaz.Our results show that the expression of Ankrd27,Ubc,and Tbp were stable after spinal cord injury,while Actb was the most unstable internal control gene.Ankrd27,Ubc,Tbp,and Actb were consequently used to investigate the effects of internal control genes with differing stabilities on the normalization of target gene expression.Target gene expression levels and changes over time were similar when Ankrd27,Ubc,and Tbp were used as internal controls but different when Actb was used as an internal control.We recommend that Ankrd27,Ubc,and Tbp are used as internal control genes for real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in spinal cord injury research.This study was approved by the Administration Committee of Experimental Animals,Jiangsu Province,China(approval No.20180304-008)on March 4,2018.

The Recent Advances of Fluorescent Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Pharmaceutical Analysis

Fluorescent nanoparticles have good chemical stability and photostability,controllable optical properties and larger stokes shift.In light of their designability and functionability,the fluorescent nanoparticles are widely used as the fluorescent probes for diverse applications.To enhance the sensitivity and selectivity,the combination of the fluorescent nanoparticles with the molecularly imprinted polymer,i.e.molecularly imprinted fluorescent nanoparticles(MIFN),was an effective way.The sensor based on MIFN(the MIFN sensor)could be more compatible with the complex sample matrix,which was especially widely adopted in medical and biological analysis.In this mini-review,the construction method,detective mechanism and types of MIFN sensors are elaborated.The current applications of MIFN sensors in pharmaceutical analysis,including pesticides/herbicide,veterinary drugs/drugs residues and human related proteins,are highlighted based on the literature in the recent three years.Finally,the research prospect and development trend of the MIFN sensor are forecasted.

Chromosome-scale assembly of the Kandelia obovata genome

The mangrove Kandelia obovata(Rhizophoraceae)is an important coastal shelterbelt and landscape tree distributed in tropical and subtropical areas across East Asia and Southeast Asia.Herein,a chromosome-level reference genome of K.obovata based on PacBio,Illumina,and Hi-C data is reported.The high-quality assembled genome size is 177.99 Mb,with a contig N50 value of 5.74 Mb.A large number of contracted gene families and a small number of expanded gene families,as well as a small number of repeated sequences,may account for the small K.obovata genome.We found that K.obovata experienced two whole-genome polyploidization events:one whole-genome duplication shared with other Rhizophoreae and one shared with most eudicots(γevent).We confidently annotated 19,138 protein-coding genes in K.obovata and identified the MADS-box gene class and the RPW8 gene class,which might be related to flowering and resistance to powdery mildew in K.obovata and Rhizophora apiculata,respectively.The reference K.obovata genome described here will be very useful for further molecular elucidation of various traits,the breeding of this coastal shelterbelt species,and evolutionary studies with related taxa.

Melatonin attenuates radiation-induced cortical bone-derived stem cells injury and enhances bone repair in postradiation femoral defect model

Background:The healing of bone defects can be challenging for clinicians to manage,especially after exposure to ionizing radiation.In this regard,radiation therapy and accidental exposure to gamma(o inhibit bone formation and increase the risk of fractures.Cortical bone-derivγ)-ray radiation have been shown ted stem cells(CBSCs)are reportedly essential for osteogenic lineages,bone maintenance and repair.This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on postradiation CBSCs and bone defect healing.Methods:CBSCs were extracted from C57BL/6 mice and were identified by flow cytometry.Then CBSCs were subjected to 6 Gyγ-ray radiation followed by treatment with various concentrations of melatonin.The effects of exogenous melatonin on the self-renewal and osteogenic capacity of postradiation CBSCs in vitro were analyzed.The underlying mechanisms involved in genomic stability,apoptosis and oxidative stress-related signaling were further analyzed by Western blotting,flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays.Moreover,postradiation femoral defect models were established and treated with Matrigel and melatonin.The effects of melatonin on postradiation bone healing in vivo were evaluated by micro-CT and pathological analysis.Results:The decrease in radiation-induced self-renewal and osteogenic capacity were partially reversed in postradiation CBSCs treated with melatonin(P<0.05).Melatonin maintained genomic stability,reduced postradiation CBSC apoptosis and intracellular oxidative stress,and enhanced expression of antioxidant-related enzymes(P<0.05).Western blotting validated the anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin by downregulating interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)levels via the extracellular regulated kinase(ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)signaling pathway.Melatonin was also found to exhibit antioxidant effects via NRF2 signaling.In vivo experiments demonstrated that the newly formed bone in the melatonin plus Matrigel group had higher trabecular bone volume per tissue volume(BV/TV)and bone mineral density values with lower IL-6 and TNF-αlevels than in the irradiation and the Matrigel groups(P<0.05).Conclusions:This study suggested that melatonin could protect CBSCs against e defects.γ-ray radiation and assist in the healing of postradiation bon.

Line positions,intensities,and Einstein A coefficients for 3-0 band of^(12)C^(16)O:A spectroscopy learning method

Based on the model-and data-driven strategy,a spectroscopy learning method that can extract the novel and hidden information from the line list databases has been applied to the R branch emission spectra of 3-0 band of the ground electronic state of^(12)C^(16)O.The labeled line lists such as line intensities and Einstein A coefficients quoted in HITRAN2020 are collected to enhance the dataset.The quantified spectroscopy-learned spectroscopic constants is beneficial for improving the extrapolative accuracy beyond the measurements.Explicit comparisons are made for line positions,line intensities,Einstein A coefficients,which demonstrate that the model-and data-driven spectroscopy learning approach is a promising and an easy-to-implement strategy.

Clinical significance of signet ring cells in surgical esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The clinical significance of signet ring cells(SRCs)in surgical esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma(EEGJA)remains unclear now.AIM To explore the association between the presence of SRCs and the clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics in surgical EEGJA patients by combining and analyzing relevant studies.METHODS The PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE electronic databases were searched for the relevant literature up to March 28,2021.The relative risk(RR)with 95%confidence interval(CI)was calculated to assess the relationship between SRCs and clinicopathological parameters of surgical EEGJA patients,and the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI was calculated to explore the impact of SRC on the prognosis.All statistical analyses were conducted with STATA 12.0 software.RESULTS A total of ten articles were included,involving 30322 EEGJA patients.The pooled results indicated that the presence of SRCs was significantly associated with tumor location(RR:0.76,95%CI:0.61-0.96,P=0.022;I2=49.4%,P=0.160)and tumor-node-metastasis stage(RR:1.30,95%CI:1.02-1.65,P=0.031;I2=73.1%,P=0.002).Meanwhile,the presence of SRCs in surgical EEGJA patients predicted a poor overall survival(HR:1.36,95%CI:1.12-1.65,P=0.002;I2=85.7%,P<0.001)and disease-specific survival(HR:1.86,95%CI:1.55-2.25,P<0.001;I2=63.1%,P=0.043).CONCLUSION The presence of SRCs is related with advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis and could serve as a reliable and effective parameter for the prediction of postoperative survival and formulation of therapy strategy in EEGJA patients.However,more high-quality studies are still needed to verify the above findings.

Effective Hamiltonian of the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond rotating-wave approximation

The Jaynes–Cummings model with or without rotating-wave approximation plays a major role to study the interaction between atom and light. We investigate the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond the rotating-wave approximation. Treating the counter-rotating terms as periodic drivings, we solve the model in the extended Floquet space. It is found that the full energy spectrum folded in the quasi-energy bands can be described by an effective Hamiltonian derived in the highfrequency regime. In contrast to the Z_(2) symmetry of the original model, the effective Hamiltonian bears an enlarged U(1)symmetry with a unique photon-dependent atom-light detuning and coupling strength. We further analyze the energy spectrum, eigenstate fidelity and mean photon number of the resultant polaritons, which are shown to be in accordance with the numerical simulations in the extended Floquet space up to an ultra-strong coupling regime and are not altered significantly for a finite atom-light detuning. Our results suggest that the effective model provides a good starting point to investigate the rich physics brought by counter-rotating terms in the frame of Floquet theory.

Evidence of Quasi-periodic Oscillation in the Optical Band of the Blazar 1ES 1959+650

We analyzed the optical monitoring data in the R band of Te V blazar 1ES 1959+650 from 2002 to 2018,and provided evidence of a quasi-periodic oscillation in this object.The light curve shows a stable and persistent periodicity at~540 days,detected by the Lomb–Scargle periodogram,Jurkevich and weighted wavelet z-transform techniques.The red noise power spectrum was estimated using the PSRESP method,and this period was found to be at>3σsignificance level.There are also two possible periodicities at~268 and~1100 days detected by all three methods.However,their significance levels are relatively low,and thus these two periods cannot be verified by the present data.We discuss several possible physical models that could explain the periodic variability in this object.

Chemical Vapor Deposition of Two-Dimensional PbS Nanoplates for Photodetection

Non-layered two-dimensional(2D)lead sulfide(PbS)has attracted growing interest recently due to its direct narrow bandgap(0.4 eV)and broad spectral detection from visible to mid-IR region,which lead to remarkable electronic and optoelectronic properties promising for real applications.We report the chemical vapor deposition growth of highly crystalline 2D PbS crystals on mica substrates.The high quality and uniformity of 2D PbS nanoplates are confirmed by atomic force microscopy,x-ray powder diffraction,transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The morphology and lateral size are controllable by different growth temperatures.Photodetectors made from 2D PbS nanoplates reveal good stability,high photoresponsivity,and fast response time,which indicates their promising applications for ultrathin optoelectronics.