Bayesian network-based survival prediction model for patients having undergone post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal hypertension

BACKGROUND Portal hypertension(PHT),primarily induced by cirrhosis,manifests severe symptoms impacting patient survival.Although transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is a critical intervention for managing PHT,it carries risks like hepatic encephalopathy,thus affecting patient survival prognosis.To our knowledge,existing prognostic models for post-TIPS survival in patients with PHT fail to account for the interplay among and collective impact of various prognostic factors on outcomes.Consequently,the development of an innovative modeling approach is essential to address this limitation.AIM To develop and validate a Bayesian network(BN)-based survival prediction model for patients with cirrhosis-induced PHT having undergone TIPS.METHODS The clinical data of 393 patients with cirrhosis-induced PHT who underwent TIPS surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2015 and May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Variables were selected using Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression methods,and a BN-based model was established and evaluated to predict survival in patients having undergone TIPS surgery for PHT.RESULTS Variable selection revealed the following as key factors impacting survival:age,ascites,hypertension,indications for TIPS,postoperative portal vein pressure(post-PVP),aspartate aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,total bilirubin,prealbumin,the Child-Pugh grade,and the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score.Based on the above-mentioned variables,a BN-based 2-year survival prognostic prediction model was constructed,which identified the following factors to be directly linked to the survival time:age,ascites,indications for TIPS,concurrent hypertension,post-PVP,the Child-Pugh grade,and the MELD score.The Bayesian information criterion was 3589.04,and 10-fold cross-validation indicated an average log-likelihood loss of 5.55 with a standard deviation of 0.16.The model’s accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score were 0.90,0.92,0.97,and 0.95 respectively,with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve being 0.72.CONCLUSION This study successfully developed a BN-based survival prediction model with good predictive capabilities.It offers valuable insights for treatment strategies and prognostic evaluations in patients having undergone TIPS surgery for PHT.

进口总压畸变在离心压气机中传播的非定常特性与时空演化过程

本文通过全周非定常三维CFD数值模拟方法研究了进口总压畸变在离心压气机中传播的非定常特性与时空演化过程。结果表明,主叶片在一个流动周期中通过畸变区域的过程是“低速流体团附着、沿伸、脱离”,分流叶片为“附着、扩大、消散”。畸变区造成的非匀速冲击使叶片承受较大的周期性交变应力,使得主叶片前缘对进口总压畸变引起的流场不均匀性更为敏感;总压畸变对离心叶轮中间叶高以下区域影响较小,但在靠近叶顶区域时,影响叶片压力面的静压分布,使其产生不均匀的压力波动;通过求解绝对坐标系下的时均流线,发现畸变主要影响叶展位置较大区域的流线,靠近叶顶区域的流线偏转程度较大,靠近叶根区域的流线最为均匀。

Th22细胞及血清IL-22水平与狼疮性肾炎患者疾病活动度评分的相关性

目的初步探索狼疮性肾炎(LN)患者外周血Th22细胞及血清白细胞介素22(IL-22)的表达,及其与系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动度评分(SLEDAI)的相关性。方法该研究纳入健康志愿者作为健康对照组(HC组)10例,LN组20例,系统性红斑狼疮(但肾脏未受到侵袭)SLE组20例,通过流式细胞术检测各组淋巴细胞亚群Th1和Th22水平,酶联免疫吸附试验检测各组血清IL-22水平,并分析LN患者IL-22与Th22的相关性,以及两项指标与SLEDAI评分的相关性。结果LN组和SLE组的C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率及免疫球蛋白高于HC组(P<0.05),血清补体C3和C4低于HC组(P<0.05)。3组Th1比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);LN组和SLE组Th22、IL-22水平高于HC组(P<0.05),但LN组与SLE组的Th22、IL-22水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LN患者Th22与IL-22水平呈正相关(r=0.804,P=0.002),且Th22、IL-22与SLEDAI评分呈正相关(r=0.342和0.448,P=0.032和0.016)。结论Th22、IL-22参与SLE和LN的发病,同时LN患者Th22与IL-22水平呈正相关,且均与SLEDAI评分呈正相关。

Co−TiO2纳米复合薄膜中化学状态和磁电阻的基底温度依赖性

采用磁控溅射法在不同基底温度下制备Co−TiO2纳米复合薄膜。所合成的纳米复合薄膜由TiO2非晶基体和分散其中的Co颗粒组成,呈铁磁和超顺磁共存的特性。随着基底温度从室温升高到400℃,Co颗粒尺寸逐渐增大,氧化程度明显降低。因此,在Co含量相同的情况下,随着基底温度的升高(从室温升高至400℃),饱和磁化强度从0.13增加到0.43 T。在高基底温度下,一部分Co颗粒聚集形成导电路径,导致电阻率从1600快速下降至76μΩ·m。即使在电阻率低至76μΩ·m的情况下,依然能获得Co−TiO2的磁电阻性能。结果表明,纳米复合薄膜在室温下具有低Co氧化、高磁化强度和磁阻特性。

不同剂量咪达唑仑对术前中重度焦虑结直肠癌老年患者术后早期认知功能的影响

目的探讨不同剂量咪达唑仑对术前中重度焦虑的结直肠癌老年患者术后早期认知功能的影响。方法选择南方医科大学顺德医院择期行结直肠癌根治术的80例老年患者,术前评估为中重度焦虑,随机分为空白对照组(C组)和不同剂量咪达唑仑组(M1组、M2组、M3组),每组20例。患者麻醉诱导时,C组不注射咪达唑仑,M1组、M2组、M3组分别静脉注射0.05 mg/kg、0.10 mg/kg、0.15 mg/kg咪达唑仑。观察并记录4组患者的血流动力学变化、Riker镇静-躁动评分(SAS)、苏醒时间、拔除气管导管时间和视觉模拟评分(VAS)。记录4组患者术前1 d、术后第1天、术后第7天的简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)和术后早期认知功能障碍的发生率。检测并记录4组患者于麻醉前、术后第1天、术后第7天的血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及中枢神经特异性蛋白(S-100β)水平。结果4组患者不同时间点的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)有差异(P<0.05),4组的MAP、HR无差异(P>0.05),4组的MAP、HR变化趋势无差异(P>0.05)。M3组患者苏醒时间长于其他组(P<0.05),M1和M2组患者的拔管时间短于C组和M3组(P<0.05),C组患者VAS评分高于其他组(P<0.05),躁动发生率亦高于其他组(P<0.05)。4组患者不同时间点的MMSE评分有差异(P<0.05),4组的MMSE评分有差异(P<0.05),4组MMSE评分变化趋势有差异(P<0.05)。根据MMSE评估结果,术后第1天C组和M1组患者术后早期认知功能障碍的发生率高于M2组和M3组(P<0.05)。术后第7天,C组仍有25%患者术后认知功能障碍,高于其他组(P<0.05)。4组患者不同时间点的IL-1β水平无差异(P>0.05),4组的IL-1β水平无差异(P>0.05),4组IL-1β水平变化趋势无差异(P>0.05)。4组患者不同时间点的IL-6、S-100β水平有差异(P<0.05),4组的IL-6、S-100β水平有差异(P<0.05),4组的IL-6、S-100β水平变化趋势有差异(P<0.05)。结论术前中重度焦虑的老年结直肠癌患者使用0.10 mg/kg咪达唑仑进行麻醉诱导,安全可靠,苏醒质量好,炎症反应减轻,术后早期认知功能得到改善。

A QTC-based signal readout for position-sensitive multi-output detectors

A new signal readout method for position-sensitive multi-output detectors,such as those in high-energy spectroscopy measurement and nuclear imaging,was developed by combining the charge division circuit,summing circuit and charge-to-time conversion(QTC) circuit.The 64 outputs of a Hamamatsu H8500 position-sensitive photomultiplier tube were processed,and three digital pulses were generated.The widths of digital pulses were determined using the time-to-digital converter in an field programmable gate array.The energy and position information of incident y-rays is estimated based on the proportionality between the width of digital pulses and input charge created by y-photons.A prototype was built using discrete components and tested,and the energy and position resolutions were improved compared with that obtained with standard ADCs.This method greatly simplifies the front-end electronics and the digital interface.It enables a compact electronics system and an easy integration into an ASIC.

Effect of Ti and Al on microstructure and partitioning behavior of alloying elements in Ni-based powder metallurgy superalloys

The microstructure and partitioning behaviors of alloying elements in the γ and γ′ phases in Ni-based powder metallurgy superalloys with different Ti and Al contents were investigated. The results showed that Ti and Al were mainly enriched in the γ′ phase, partially partitioned in the γ matrix, and slightly distributed in the carbides. Different Ti and Al contents in various alloys influenced the composition and amount of MC carbides but did not influence the MC carbides' morphology. With increasing Ti and Al contents, γ + γ′ fan-type structures formed at the grain boundary, eventually resulting in a coarsened γ′ phase. In addition, the morphology of the secondary γ′ phase transformed from nearly spherical to cuboidal. The saturation degrees of Cr, Co, and Mo in the γ matrix were substantially improved with increasing Ti and Al contents.

Strong near-field couplings of anapole modes and formation of higher-order electromagnetic modes in stacked all-dielectric nanodisks

We theoretically study the near-field couplings of two stacked all-dielectric nanodisks,where each disk has an electric anapole mode consisting of an electric dipole mode and an electric toroidal dipole(ETD)mode.Strong bonding and anti-bonding hybridizations of the ETD modes of the two disks occur.The bonding hybridized ETD can interfere with the dimer’s electric dipole mode and induce a new electric anapole mode.The anti-bonding hybridization of the ETD modes can induce a magnetic toroidal dipole(MTD)response in the disk dimer.The MTD and magnetic dipole resonances of the dimer form a magnetic anapole mode.Thus,two dips associated with the hybridized modes appear on the scattering spectrum of the dimer.Furthermore,the MTD mode is also accompanied by an electric toroidal quadrupole mode.The hybridizations of the ETD and the induced higher-order modes can be adjusted by varying the geometries of the disks.The strong anapole mode couplings and the corresponding rich higher-order mode responses in simple all-dielectric nanostructures can provide new opportunities for nanoscale optical manipulations.

Integrated bioinformatics analysis of potential biomarkers and candidate drugs of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC),the major subtype of esophageal carcinoma(ESCA),is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide.This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for ESCC.The datasets GSE44021,GSE77861,GSE20347,and GSE29001 retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database contained 117 ESCC tissues and 109 normal tissues.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)associated with ESCC were identified using the GEO2R tool.Dysregulated pathways associated with ESCC mainly included mitotic regulation,cell cycle,ECM-receptor interaction,DNA replication,etc.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of overlapping DEGs was constructed and nine key genes(KGs)were identified from the complex interaction network using Degree,maximum neighborhood component(MNC),and maximal clique centrality(MCC)algorithms.Expression patterns of KGs at the transcriptional and translational levels were validated using ESCC-related data from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),Oncomine,and Human Protein Atlas(HPA)databases.Genetic alterations calculation,immune cell infiltrates evaluation,methylation analysis,prognostic analysis,transcription factors(TFs)and miRNAs regulatory networks construction,and targeted drug prediction were further performed.It was also found that the knockout of these KGs affected the survival of more than two types of ESCC cells by genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 dropout screens.In conclusion,we identified KGs,TFs,and miRNAs with biomarker potential(e.g.,NDC80,BUB1,TOP2A,AURKA,AURKB,TTK,UBE2C,TPX2,BUB1B,E2F1,and hsa-miR-483-5p)and 23 candidate targeted drugs for ESCC by utilizing an integrated multi-omics approach.These findings provide additional insights into uncovering the molecular mechanism and improving the efficiency of clinical diagnosis and treatment for ESCC.

Compositional study of δ-NbN film by Auger electron microscopy

The chemical stoichiometry on the surface of superconducting δ-NbN thin films is of great importance for their application.Here,we fabricated the δ-NbN thin films on SiO2/Si substrate by DC sputtering method.The film was characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and atomic force microscopy(AFM).Transport properties were measured to reveal the field dependent superconducting transition temperature.Both XRD and electrical measurement show high crystallinity of δ-NbN phase.A homogeneous and smooth surface morphology was measured by AFM.Auger electron spectroscopy(AES) was applied to analyze the composition along the depth of the film.The evolution of Auger peak profile,heights and nitride stoichiometry at the film surface is discussed.The current study provides a more thorough understanding of complex chemical compositions of δ-NbN thin films.

Immunological Activities of Components from Leaves of Liriodendron chinensis

Objectives To investigate the anti-inflammatory components from the leaves of Liriodendron chinensis. Methods The 95% alcohol extract from the leaves of L. chinensis was subjected to column chromatography, and the structures of purified compounds were determined by spectral methods. The bioassay was performed through the inhibitory effects on the inflammatory cells activated by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Results Nine compounds were isolated, including octacosanoic acid （1）, stearic acid （2）, （2R-2-hydroxy-N-[（2S,3S,4R,8E- l ,3,4-tri-hydroxyicos-8-en- 2-yl]tetracosanamide （3）, （2 R）- 2- hyd roxy- N- [（2 S, 3 S,4 R,8 E）- 1 - O-β- D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,4-dihydroxy- octadec-8-en-2-yl]eicosanamide （4）, （2R）-2-hydroxy-N-[（2S,3S,4R,8E）-l-O-β-D- glucopyranosyloxy-3,4-dihydroxyoctadec-8-en-2-yl]hexadecanamide （5）, dicentrinone （6）, liriodenine （7）, daucosterol （8）, and liriodendritol （9） and among which five compounds could significantly lower the content of nitric oxide （NO） from peritoneal macrophages of rats induced by LPS and reduce the splenic lymphocyte proliferation in mice. This is the first report on the occurrence of ceramides and dicentrinone in the plants of Liriodendron Linn. Conclusion The five compounds are likely to be anti-inflammatory compounds concerning to their pronounced inhibitory action on the activated inflammatory cells. This assessment might provide a basis for searching the potent active compounds used for the treatment of inflammation.

Effect of Hf and Zr Contents on Stress-rupture and Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Performances in FGH96PM Superalloy

Four experimental FGH96 alloys with various contents of Hf and Zr （0 and 0.04%, 0.3% and 0.04%, 0.6% and 0. 04%, 0. 3% and 0.06%, respectively） were produced using PREP （plasma rotating electrode process）＋ HIP （hot isostatic pressing） route. The unnotched and notched stress-rupture properties and fatigue crack growth rate （FCGR） of all the experimental alloys were investigated to study the effect of Hf and Zr. Relevant fracture morphol ogy and microstructure were observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that appropriate content of Hf could lengthen stress-rupture life, eliminate notch sensitivity and slo wer FCGR. Microstructure analysis showed that the amount of ＂f phase should be increased or decreased by adjusting Hf and Zr contents, and MC carbide and oxide coupled growth should be increased by adding Hf content, which caused oxycarbide to precipitate along grain boundary and strengthen the alloy. It was found that excessive Zr in Hf- containing FGH96 alloy had certain deleterious effects on stress-rupture property because there was strong Zr segre- gation at prior particle boundary, leaving a long chain of large-size oxides along the boundary. The optimal content of Hf and Zr in FGH96 alloy was 0.6% and 0. 04%, respectively.

Precipitation of μ Phase in Nickel-based Powder Metallurgy Superalloy FGH97

The precipitation behavior of topological close-packed（TCP）μphase in powder metallurgy（P/M）nickelbased superalloy FGH97 was investigated.The results showed that proper addition of solution strengthening elements,such as Co,Cr,W,Mo,improved tensile strength,while excessive addition of those elements facilitated the precipitation ofμphase,which seriously aggravated the plasticity of the P/M superalloy.For the heat-treated specimens,the relationship between critical aging time（whenμstarted to precipitate）,aging temperature,and the average electron vacancy number ofγmatrix was established.

Frequency-dependent alterations in regional homogeneity in young carriers of the apolipoprotein E genotype

Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rf MRI),previous studies showed that the APOE e4 allele might affect the functional connectivity between remote brain regions[1,2].However,the local functional connectivity of APOE e4 carriers has rarely been explored.Regional homogeneity(Re Ho)has been widely used to

Investigation into the improved axial compressibility of a spinning non-ideal gas

Using theoretical analysis and mumerical calculation method,the axial adiabatic compression of a spinning non-ideal gas in a cylinder with a smooth surface is investigated.We show that the axial pressure of a spinning gas will gradually become lower than that of a stationary gas during continuous compression,even though the initial axial pressure of the spining gas is larger than that of the stationary gas at the same initial temperature and average density.This phenomenon indicates that the axial compressibility of gas is improved in a rotating system.In addition,the effect of different forms of virial coefficient B(T)on pressure and temperature changes in spinning and stationary gases are investigated.Research on the axial compressibility of spinning non ideal gas can provide useful references for fields that require high compression of gases,such as laser fusion,laboratory astrophysics,and Z-pinch experiments.