Compatibility mechanism of Chinese medicine formula:state of the art and perspectives

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been practiced in China and surrounding countries for thousands of years and has gradually attracted the attention of Western countries.After reasonable compatibility,TCMs could play the key role of enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity,which has significant therapeutic advantages in the treatment of complex diseases in clinical practice.While the TCM compatibility is not the simple addition of drugs.Under the appropriate dosage ratio,multiple TCMs can play a synergistic role to realize the overall regulation of TCM treatment.Therefore,it is of critical essential to study the compatibility of TCM formula to promote TCM modernization,new drug development and clinical application.Recently,under the guidance of TCM theory,many researches on the composition,pharmacodynamic activity and pharmacokinetic properties of TCM formula have emerged by integrating new technologies and new methods,revealing the scientific connotation of the compatibility of TCM formula from different perspectives and levels.This paper introduces the research progress of compatibility rules from different levels of compatibility,compatibility for synergistic enhancement and detoxification,and application of cutting-edge technology,with representative cases,in order to provide ideas and references for further study on TCM compatibility.

抑癌基因miR-302b在恶性肿瘤中的调控机制

微小RNA是一类具有调控蛋白翻译功能的细胞内源性非编码RNA分子,对生物的生长、发育、衰老,以及细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡,甚至癌症等疾病的发生起到重要的调控作用.miR-302b可参与多种基因的表达调控,在恶性肿瘤的发生发展侵袭转移等过程中发挥抑癌基因功能.本文就miR-302b在恶性肿瘤中的表达形式、所发挥的生物学功能及其分子机制进行述评.

Application of Endoscopic Vein Harvesting in Obese Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of endoscopic vein harvesting （EVH） for coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） in obese patients. Totally, 153 obese patients who underwent EVH （n=81） or standard bridging technique （SBT, n=72） in CABG surgery from May 2012 to October 2014 in our hospital were enrolled in this retrospective non-randomized controlled study. The general situation of operation, postoperative complications and short medium-term outcomes were analyzed. The baseline characteristics were similar between these two groups （P〉0.05）. There were no statistical differences in total operation time （226±28 min vs. 224±30 min, P〉0.05）, number of damaged vessels （0.12±0.05 vs. 0.16±0.06, P〉0.05） and short medium-term outcomes including revascularization rate （1.25% vs. 2.78%, P〉0.05）, vessel dysfunction rate （11.25% vs. 11.11%, P〉0.05） and mortality （0.00% vs. 0.00%, P〉0.05）. Use of EVH was associated with significant reduction of total harvesting time （41±6 min vs. 63±11 min, P〈0.05）, incision length （4.4±1.1 cm vs. 18.2±4.5 cm, P〈0.05） and postoperative lower extremity complications （P〈0.05）. EVH can reduce the risk of wound complications, whereas does not influence short- and medium-term outcomes in obese patients. It can be considered a reliable procedure of harvesting vessel conduits for obese patients undergoing CABG.

Optimization Study on Expansion Energy Used Air-Powered Vehicle with Pneumatic-Hydraulic Transmission

Pneumatic-hydraulic transmission has been developed for years. However, its dynamic properties are not good enough for application. In this paper, in order to increase the output characteristics, a late-model air-powered vehicle using expansion energy is proposed which can boost energy through a pneumatic-hydraulic transmission. The dynamic characteristics of the air-powered vehicle is modeled and verified by conducting experiment. In addition,the influence of the key parameters of the air-powered vehicle is researched for the optimization of the system performance. Through the results, the author got the conclusion that, firstly, comparison of the results of model and experiment proves the built model to be effective; secondly, input air pressure should be set according to the request of the practical loads, and range of 0.65 to 0.75 MPa can be chosen; thirdly, as a key structure parameter of the airpowered vehicle, ratio of the areas is considered to be set to approximate 8; what’s more, a bigger orifice with a limit will promote the system dynamic characteristic property, and the limit is about 3.5 mm; last but not the least, not too farther position of the rings will increase the quality of output dynamic characteristics. This paper can be a reference for system design of air-powered vehicle and dynamic improvement.

Ultrafine Mo-Doped Co2P Nanorods Anchored on Reduced Graphene Oxide as Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

One-dimensional(1D)transition metal phosphides(TMPs)with large specific surface areas,high charge transfer efficiency and excellent electrical conductivity have attracted significant attention in hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)as versatile and active catalysts.Herein,the sub-4 nm Mo-Co2 P ultrafine nanorods(NRs)anchored on reduced graphene oxide(rGO)were successfully synthesized by a colloidal mesostructured strategy.Electrochemical test results reveal that the Mo-Co2 P@rGO electrode exhibits superior activity with overpotentials of204 mV and Tafel slope of 88 mV/dec for HER at 10 mA/cm^2,relative to the Co2 P@rGO electrode in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution.This improvement could be ascribed to the Mo doping,which results in more active sites,higher electrical conductivity and faster electron-transfer rates.This versatile strategy will provide a promising pathway for transition metal-doped compounds as an efficient catalyst.

Prediction of gastric cancer risk by a polygenic risk score of Helicobacter pylori

BACKGROUND Genetic variants of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) are involved in gastric cancer occurrence. Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of H. pylori that are associated with gastric cancer have been reported. The combined effect of H. pylori SNPs on the risk of gastric cancer remains unclear.AIM To assess the performance of a polygenic risk score(PRS) based on H. pylori SNPs in predicting the risk of gastric cancer.METHODS A total of 15 gastric cancer-associated H. pylori SNPs were selected. The associations between these SNPs and gastric cancer were further validated in 1022 global strains with publicly available genome sequences. The PRS model was established based on the validated SNPs. The performance of the PRS for predicting the risk of gastric cancer was assessed in global strains using quintiles and random forest(RF) methods. The variation in the performance of the PRS among different populations of H. pylori was further examined.RESULTS Analyses of the association between selected SNPs and gastric cancer in the global dataset revealed that the risk allele frequencies of six SNPs were significantly higher in gastric cancer cases than non-gastric cancer cases. The PRS model constructed subsequently with these validated SNPs produced significantly higher scores in gastric cancer. The odds ratio(OR) value for gastric cancer gradually increased from the first to the fifth quintile of PRS, with the fifth quintile having an OR value as high as 9.76(95% confidence interval: 5.84-16.29). The results of RF analyses indicated that the area under the curve(AUC) value for classifying gastric cancer and non-gastric cancer was 0.75, suggesting that the PRS based on H. pylori SNPs was capable of predicting the risk of gastric cancer. Assessing the performance of the PRS among different H. pylori populations demonstrated that it had good predictive power for cancer risk for hp Europe strains, with an AUC value of 0.78.CONCLUSION The PRS model based on H. pylori SNPs had a good performance for assessment of gastric cancer risk. It would be useful in the prediction of final consequences of the H. pylori infection and beneficial for the management of the infection in clinical settings.

用于人机交互设备的本征可拉伸功能器件和高分子材料

在物联网飞速发展的智能时代,高分子光电材料具有更低的杨氏模量和更好的本征拉伸性,成为人机交互设备的理想选择.本文从平衡高分子光电材料电学(载流子传输需求)和力学(可拉伸需求)性能这一难点出发,根据可拉伸器件在人机交互中的应用功能,总结了供能、传感、神经接口和显示等功能模块材料/器件方面的创新性成果,分析了各功能器件及多功能集成面临的共性问题,并展望了智能人机交互系统的发展前景.介绍了本征可拉伸功能器件包括有机太阳能电池(OSCs)、有机热电器件(oTEGs)、离子电池、纳米发电机(NGs)和超级电容器(SCs),有机光电探测器(OPDs)、化学传感器和热传感器,多模态阵列电极(MEAs)和有机电化学晶体管(OECTs),有机电化学发光器件(OLECs)、有机电致变色显示器(OECDs)和有机发光二极管(OLEDs),有机场效应晶体管(OFETs)和多功能集成系统等.分析表明,可拉伸高分子光电材料的光电性能进一步提升和各功能层间的动态稳定界面,是未来研究重点.

Incompressible Limit of the Compressible Q-tensor System of Liquid Crystals

We study the connection between the compressible Navier-Stokes equations coupled by the Qtensor equation for liquid crystals with the incompressible system in the periodic case, when the Mach number is low. To be more specific, the convergence of the weak solutions of the compressible nematic liquid crystal model to the incompressible one is proved as the Mach number approaches zero, and we also obtain the similar results in the stochastic setting when the equations are driven by a stochastic force. Our approach is based on the uniform estimates of the weak solutions and the martingale solutions, then we justify the limits using various compactness criteria.

Methodology of network pharmacology for research on Chinese herbal medicine against COVID-19:A review

Traditional Chinese medicine,as a complementary and alternative medicine,has been practiced for thousands of years in China and possesses remarkable clinical efficacy.Thus,systematic analysis and examination of the mechanistic links between Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)and the complex human body can benefit contemporary understandings by carrying out qualitative and quantitative analysis.With increasing attention,the approach of network pharmacology has begun to unveil the mystery of CHM by constructing the heterogeneous network relationship of“herb-compound-target-pathway,”which corresponds to the holistic mechanisms of CHM.By integrating computational techniques into network pharmacology,the efficiency and accuracy of active compound screening and target fishing have been improved at an unprecedented pace.This review dissects the core innovations to the network pharmacology approach that were developed in the years since 2015 and highlights how this tool has been applied to understanding the coronavirus disease 2019 and refining the clinical use of CHM to combat it.

Holographic Polymer Nanocomposites with High Refractive Index Modulation by Doping Liquid Crystal E6M

Holographic optical elements(HOEs)based on polymer composites have become a research hot spot in recent years for augmented reality(AR)due to the significant improvement of optical performance,dynamic range,ease of processing and high yield rate.Nevertheless,it remains a formidable challenge to obtain a large field of view(FOV)and brightness due to the limited refractive index modulation.Herein,we report an effective method to tackle the challenge by doping an epoxy liquid crystal termed E6M,which enables a large refractive index modulation of 0.050@633 nm and low haze of 5.0%at a doping concentration of 5 wt%.This achievement may be ascribed to the improved molecular ordering of liquid crystals within the holographic polymer composites.The high refractive index modulation can endow transmission-type holographic polymer composites with a high diffraction efficiency of 96.2%at a small thickness of 5μm,which would promise the design of thin and lightweight AR devices.

Investigating the Potential Mechanism of Huazhi Rougan Granules Against Alcoholic Liver Disease by Network Pharmacology and Experiment

Objective: Huazhi Rougan granules(HRGs) are a promising drug to improve alcoholic liver disease(ALD), but its mechanism remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and animal experiments were used to reveal the potential mechanism of HRG against ALD. Results: A total of 245 potential targets of HRG against ALD were obtained. Functional enrichment analysis suggests that HRG could synergistically regulate various biological pathways to exert therapeutic effects on ALD. Molecular docking showed that the key targets exhibited the good binding ability with the key compounds. The in vivo experiments showed that HRG can effectively alleviate pathological changes in liver tissue, improve blood lipid levels, antioxidant stress ability, and liver function, and reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the liver. Conclusions: This study reflects that HRG is an effective strategy for treating ALD, providing a basis for revealing the prevention and treatment mechanisms of ALD.