Effects of different drying methods on phenolic components and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb.et Zucc.)cultivars

The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or’BQ’and’Dongkui’or’DK’)were evaluated.The results showed that’BQ’bayberry provided higher total phenolic(TPC),total flavonoid(TFC)and total anthocyanin(TAC)contents than’DK’bayberry after the same drying method,while its antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities were highly affected by drying method.Freeze-dried samples possessed significantly higher TPC,TFC and TAC,and exhibited more potent antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities than hot-air dried ones(P<0.05).Freeze-dried’DK’bayberry exhibited similar antioxidant activities and a-amylase inhibitory activity,but higher a-glucosidase inhibition than freeze-dried’BQ’bayberry(P<0.05).Compared with hot-air dried samples,freeze-dried samples had significantly higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,myricitin-3-O-rhamnoside,quercetin-3-O-galactoside,quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside,which had been proved to be the main contributors to the in vitro hypoglycemic activities of bayberry pulp extract.All these results demonstrate that freeze drying is more suitable for the preservation of phenolic components in the pulp extract of Chinese bayberry,and the pulp extract of freeze-dried’DK’could be applied as a potential hypoglycemic food additive.

Study on polyurethane-based porous materials and their adsorption properties

The flexible superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)porous material was prepared by heat-induced phase separation method with two cooling steps.The influence of the preparation process on the microstructure of the material was discussed in depth.The microstructure,hydrophobicity and specific surface area of porous TPU materials were analyzed in detail.The surface wettability,separation selectivity,saturated adsorption capacity and adsorption rate,mechanical properties,environmental adaptability and cyclic properties of porous TPU materials were studied.The results show that the TPU-8%porous monolithic material prepared by heat-induced phase separation method shows good performance when the polymer concentration is 8%,the phase separation temperature is 0℃,the phase separation time is 30min,and the mixing solvent ratio is 9:1.

Supramolecular cyclization induced emission enhancement in a pillar[5]arene probe for discrimination of spermine

Early diagnosis and treatment of cancer requires the development of tools that are both sensitive and selective in detecting spermine.In this study,we presented a"supramolecular cyclization-induced emission enhancement"strategy for the sensitive and selective detection of spermine.A new pillar[5]arene probe(P1)demonstrated excellent solution/solid dual-state emission properties,and the addition of certain spermine(Spm)resulted in fluorescence enhancement due to the synergy of multiple weak interactions that restricted the free motion of P1 in the P1⊃Spm complex.This mechanism was further confirmed by time-resolved spectroscopy,DFT calculations,and IGM analysis.With its low limit of detection and high selectivity,P1 is a promising tool for measuring spermine in artificial urine samples.

Software reliability analysis considering correlated component failures with coupling measurement framework

With progression of the digital age, the complexity of software continues to grow. As a result, methods to quantitatively assess characteristics of software have attracted significant attention. These efforts have led to a large number of new measures such as coupling metrics, many of which seek to consider the impact of correlations between components and failures on application reliability. However, most of these approaches set the coupling parameters arbitrarily by making assumptions instead of utilizing experimental data and therefore may not accurately capture actual coupling between components of software application. Since the coupling matrix is often set arbitrarily, the existing approaches to assess software reliability considering component correlation fail to reflect the real degree of interaction and relationships among software components. This paper presents an efficient approach to assess the software reliability considering correlated component failures, incorporating software architecture while considering actual internal coupling of software with an efficient approach based on multivariate Bernoulli(MVB) distribution. The unified framework for software coupling measurement is informed by a comprehensive survey of frameworks for objectoriented and procedure-oriented software. This framework enables the extraction of more accurate coupling among components. The effectiveness of this method is illustrated through an experimental study by applying it to a real-time software application.