We investigate the causal relationship between foreign ownership and international trade performance by comparing foreign-acquired firms with similar domestic-acquired firms in China with regard to changes in their po...We investigate the causal relationship between foreign ownership and international trade performance by comparing foreign-acquired firms with similar domestic-acquired firms in China with regard to changes in their post-acquisition international trade performance.Our findings indicate that foreign ownership significantly enhanced the probability of both exporting and importing,and strongly increased trade value.Foreign ownership took effect from the year of the acquisition and persisted for at least 2 years.It stimulated both processing trade and ordinary trade,and expanded products and trading partners.Post-acquisition trade performance also exhibited heterogeneity based on the different pre-acquisition and post-acquisition ownership.As for the underlying mechanisms,we show that firms experienced significant output expansion,increased export dependence,and eased financial constraints after foreign acquisition.展开更多
Pollen pollution and allergy are becoming prominent issues in China.However,few studies on pollinosis have been reported.As an allergen in the atmosphere,allergenic Humulus scandens pollen was collected from four dist...Pollen pollution and allergy are becoming prominent issues in China.However,few studies on pollinosis have been reported.As an allergen in the atmosphere,allergenic Humulus scandens pollen was collected from four districts of Shanghai,including Wusong(WS),Jiading(KD),Xujiahui(XJH) and Songjiang(SJ).The mass concentrations of SO2,NO2,O3,PM10,and PM2.5(particulate matter with air dynamic diameter less than 10 and 2.5 um,respectively) near the four sampling sites were also recorded during Humulus scandens pollen season.The allergenicity of the Humulus scandens pollen was assessed by using of a rat model and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Relationships between the allergenicity and air pollutants were correlated.Our results demonstrated that the biological viability of the pollens collected from the four districts exhibited no significant differences.ELISA and dot blotting results further demonstrated that the serum of sensitized rats exhibited much higher immune-reactive response than that of control groups.Western blotting showed that the 15 KD(1 KD=1000 dalton) proteins of Humulus pollen led to the allergic response.The allergenic intensity of Humulus pollen protein from different samples followed the pattern:WS> JD> XJ> SJ.There was a negative relationship between the allergenicity of Humulus pollens and PM10(R=-0.99)/PM2.5(R=-0.73),and a positive relationship with O3(R=0.92).These data clearly showed that PM10 and PM2.5 could enhance Humulus pollen protein release,and 03 could aggravate the allergenicity of the Humulus pollen.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72273035,72121002,and 42341205)the Major Project of the Key Research Base of the Ministry of Education,China(No.22JJD790012).
文摘We investigate the causal relationship between foreign ownership and international trade performance by comparing foreign-acquired firms with similar domestic-acquired firms in China with regard to changes in their post-acquisition international trade performance.Our findings indicate that foreign ownership significantly enhanced the probability of both exporting and importing,and strongly increased trade value.Foreign ownership took effect from the year of the acquisition and persisted for at least 2 years.It stimulated both processing trade and ordinary trade,and expanded products and trading partners.Post-acquisition trade performance also exhibited heterogeneity based on the different pre-acquisition and post-acquisition ownership.As for the underlying mechanisms,we show that firms experienced significant output expansion,increased export dependence,and eased financial constraints after foreign acquisition.
基金supported by the Natural Science Founda-tion of China(NSFC,No.21477073)
文摘Pollen pollution and allergy are becoming prominent issues in China.However,few studies on pollinosis have been reported.As an allergen in the atmosphere,allergenic Humulus scandens pollen was collected from four districts of Shanghai,including Wusong(WS),Jiading(KD),Xujiahui(XJH) and Songjiang(SJ).The mass concentrations of SO2,NO2,O3,PM10,and PM2.5(particulate matter with air dynamic diameter less than 10 and 2.5 um,respectively) near the four sampling sites were also recorded during Humulus scandens pollen season.The allergenicity of the Humulus scandens pollen was assessed by using of a rat model and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Relationships between the allergenicity and air pollutants were correlated.Our results demonstrated that the biological viability of the pollens collected from the four districts exhibited no significant differences.ELISA and dot blotting results further demonstrated that the serum of sensitized rats exhibited much higher immune-reactive response than that of control groups.Western blotting showed that the 15 KD(1 KD=1000 dalton) proteins of Humulus pollen led to the allergic response.The allergenic intensity of Humulus pollen protein from different samples followed the pattern:WS> JD> XJ> SJ.There was a negative relationship between the allergenicity of Humulus pollens and PM10(R=-0.99)/PM2.5(R=-0.73),and a positive relationship with O3(R=0.92).These data clearly showed that PM10 and PM2.5 could enhance Humulus pollen protein release,and 03 could aggravate the allergenicity of the Humulus pollen.
