Nasal defects are facial defects caused by trauma,tumors,or congenital diseases that seriously damage a patient’s physical and mental health.Nasal defects,from skin defects to total nasal defects,require surgical rep...Nasal defects are facial defects caused by trauma,tumors,or congenital diseases that seriously damage a patient’s physical and mental health.Nasal defects,from skin defects to total nasal defects,require surgical repair and reconstruction to restore the appearance and function of the nose,which have always been challenges for rhinoplasty.The development of digital technology has increased the possibility of nasal reconstruction.Digital technology is involved in the preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative stages of nasal construction and is of great significance in improving the effect of this surgery.This article reviews the application of major digital technologies,including three-dimensional(3D)imaging technology,computer-assisted surgical navigation,and 3D printing,in nasal reconstruction and discusses the shortcomings of the current application of digital technology.展开更多
Upgrading of atmospheric CO_(2) into high-value-added acetate using renewable electricity via electrocatalysis solely remains a great challenge.Here,inspired by microbial synthesis via biocatalysts,we present a couple...Upgrading of atmospheric CO_(2) into high-value-added acetate using renewable electricity via electrocatalysis solely remains a great challenge.Here,inspired by microbial synthesis via biocatalysts,we present a coupled system to produce acetate from CO_(2) by bridging inorganic electrocatalysis with microbial synthesis through formate intermediates.A 3D Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF integrated electrode with an ice-sugar gourd shape was fabricated via a straightforward hydrothermal synthesis strategy,wherein Bi_(2)O_(3) microspheres were decorated on carbon fibers.This ice-sugar gourd-shaped architecture endows electrodes with multiple structural advantages,including synergistic contribution,high mass transport capability,high structural stability,and large surface area.Consequently,the resultant Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF exhibited a maximum Faradic efficiency of 92.4%at−1.23 V versus Ag/AgCl for formate generation in 0.5 M KHCO_(3),exceeding that of Bi_(2)O_(3)/CF prepared using a conventional electrode preparation strategy.Benefiting from the high formate selectivity,unique architecture,and good biocompatibility,the Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF electrode attached with enriched CO_(2)-fixing electroautotrophs served as a biocathode.As a result,a considerable acetate yield rate of 0.269±0.009 g L^(−1) day^(−1)(a total acetate yield of 3.77±0.12 g L^(−1) during 14-day operation)was achieved in the electrochemical–microbial system equipped with Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF.展开更多
Near-infrared(NIR)-II light-excitable photonic agents capable of generating tumor hyperthermia and cytotoxic free radicals are promising for synergistic phototherapy of tumors.However,the lack of NIR-II excitable agen...Near-infrared(NIR)-II light-excitable photonic agents capable of generating tumor hyperthermia and cytotoxic free radicals are promising for synergistic phototherapy of tumors.However,the lack of NIR-II excitable agents makes it challenging to achieve combinational tumor phototherapy.Here,the authors have reported on a tumor-targeting and degradable hybrid copper sulfide(CuS)nanoparticle(AIBA@CuS-FA)via loading a hydrophilic Azo initiator(AIBA)into an amphiphilic lipid-encapsulating CuS nanoparticle.AIBA@CuS-FA shows high photothermal conversion efficiency(PCE≈47.5%)at 1064 nm,enabling heat production to trigger tumor hyperthermia and thermal decomposition of AIBA into cytotoxic free alkyl radicals upon irradiation with a 1064-nm laser under low-power density(0.5 W/cm2).Moreover,alkyl radicals can drive degradation of AIBA@CuS-FA and embedded CuS nanodisks,releasing Cu^(2+)ions that can catalyze a Fenton-like reaction for hydroxyl radical(•OH)production to promote tumor therapy.Findings demonstrate promise for combinational photothermal therapy(PTT),oxygen-independent alkyl radical therapy,and chemodynamic therapy(CDT)of tumors.展开更多
Ratiometric fluorescent probes hold great promise for in vivo imaging;however,stimuli-activatable ratiometric probes with fluorescence emissions in near-infrared(NIR)region are still very few.Herein,we report a hydrog...Ratiometric fluorescent probes hold great promise for in vivo imaging;however,stimuli-activatable ratiometric probes with fluorescence emissions in near-infrared(NIR)region are still very few.Herein,we report a hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)-activatable ratiometric NIR fluorescent probe(1-SPN)by integrating a H_2S-responsive NIR fluorescent probe 1 into a H_2S-inert poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4 H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene)-alt-4,7(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)](PCPDTBT)-based NIR semiconducting polymer nanoparticle(SPN).1-SPN shows"always on"PCPDTBT fluorescence at 830 nm and weak probe 1 fluorescence at 725 nm under excitation at 680 nm.The ratio of NIR fluorescence intensities between 725 and 830 nm(I_(725)/I_(830))is small.Upon interaction with H_2S,the fluorescence at 725 nm is rapidly switched on,resulting in a large enhancement of I_(725)/I_(830),which is allowed for sensitive visualization and quantification of H_2S concentrations in living cells.Taking advantage of enhanced tissue penetration depth of NIR fluorescence,1-SPN is also applied for real-time ratiometric fluorescence imaging of hepatic and tumor H_2S in living mice.This study demonstrates that activatable ratiometric NIR fluorescent probes hold great potential for in vivo imaging.展开更多
Fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics(AIEgens)have been developed in an unprece-dented manner in the biomedical field over the past decade,which is ascribable to their superior fluorescence quan...Fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics(AIEgens)have been developed in an unprece-dented manner in the biomedical field over the past decade,which is ascribable to their superior fluorescence quantum yields,photosensitivities,as well as their“turn-on”characteristics in their aggregate states.By delib-erately engineering their molecular structures and nanocarriers,the input energies of AIEgens can be channeled into specific forms,thereby enabling bioimaging,phototherapy,and even synergetic therapy.Moreover,multiple targeting strategies have been tailored for nidus and pathogen localization that subsequently guide therapeutic processes.This review integrates application-oriented design strategies for AIEgens,demonstrating how microscopic imaging,bioimaging,and theranostics can be developed to combat tumors,pathogens,and other diseases,and critically discusses challenges and perspectives for clinical translation.展开更多
基金supported by the Clinical Key Project of the Peking University Third Hospital(grant no.BYSYFY2021005).
文摘Nasal defects are facial defects caused by trauma,tumors,or congenital diseases that seriously damage a patient’s physical and mental health.Nasal defects,from skin defects to total nasal defects,require surgical repair and reconstruction to restore the appearance and function of the nose,which have always been challenges for rhinoplasty.The development of digital technology has increased the possibility of nasal reconstruction.Digital technology is involved in the preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative stages of nasal construction and is of great significance in improving the effect of this surgery.This article reviews the application of major digital technologies,including three-dimensional(3D)imaging technology,computer-assisted surgical navigation,and 3D printing,in nasal reconstruction and discusses the shortcomings of the current application of digital technology.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2018YFA0901300National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21975124,52173173,21603209+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Numbers:BK20220051,BK20220002Jiangsu Province Carbon Peak and Neutrality Innovation Program,Grant/Award Numbers:BE2022002-3,BE2022031-4。
文摘Upgrading of atmospheric CO_(2) into high-value-added acetate using renewable electricity via electrocatalysis solely remains a great challenge.Here,inspired by microbial synthesis via biocatalysts,we present a coupled system to produce acetate from CO_(2) by bridging inorganic electrocatalysis with microbial synthesis through formate intermediates.A 3D Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF integrated electrode with an ice-sugar gourd shape was fabricated via a straightforward hydrothermal synthesis strategy,wherein Bi_(2)O_(3) microspheres were decorated on carbon fibers.This ice-sugar gourd-shaped architecture endows electrodes with multiple structural advantages,including synergistic contribution,high mass transport capability,high structural stability,and large surface area.Consequently,the resultant Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF exhibited a maximum Faradic efficiency of 92.4%at−1.23 V versus Ag/AgCl for formate generation in 0.5 M KHCO_(3),exceeding that of Bi_(2)O_(3)/CF prepared using a conventional electrode preparation strategy.Benefiting from the high formate selectivity,unique architecture,and good biocompatibility,the Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF electrode attached with enriched CO_(2)-fixing electroautotrophs served as a biocathode.As a result,a considerable acetate yield rate of 0.269±0.009 g L^(−1) day^(−1)(a total acetate yield of 3.77±0.12 g L^(−1) during 14-day operation)was achieved in the electrochemical–microbial system equipped with Bi_(2)O_(3)@CF.
基金Financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of China(no.2017YFA0701301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21922406,21775071,and 21632008)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(no.BK20190055)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.020514380185)the Excellent Research Program of Nanjing University(no.ZYJH004)are acknowledged.
文摘Near-infrared(NIR)-II light-excitable photonic agents capable of generating tumor hyperthermia and cytotoxic free radicals are promising for synergistic phototherapy of tumors.However,the lack of NIR-II excitable agents makes it challenging to achieve combinational tumor phototherapy.Here,the authors have reported on a tumor-targeting and degradable hybrid copper sulfide(CuS)nanoparticle(AIBA@CuS-FA)via loading a hydrophilic Azo initiator(AIBA)into an amphiphilic lipid-encapsulating CuS nanoparticle.AIBA@CuS-FA shows high photothermal conversion efficiency(PCE≈47.5%)at 1064 nm,enabling heat production to trigger tumor hyperthermia and thermal decomposition of AIBA into cytotoxic free alkyl radicals upon irradiation with a 1064-nm laser under low-power density(0.5 W/cm2).Moreover,alkyl radicals can drive degradation of AIBA@CuS-FA and embedded CuS nanodisks,releasing Cu^(2+)ions that can catalyze a Fenton-like reaction for hydroxyl radical(•OH)production to promote tumor therapy.Findings demonstrate promise for combinational photothermal therapy(PTT),oxygen-independent alkyl radical therapy,and chemodynamic therapy(CDT)of tumors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21922406,21775071,21632008)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190055)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(020514380185)Excellent Research Program of Nanjing University(ZYJH004)。
文摘Ratiometric fluorescent probes hold great promise for in vivo imaging;however,stimuli-activatable ratiometric probes with fluorescence emissions in near-infrared(NIR)region are still very few.Herein,we report a hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)-activatable ratiometric NIR fluorescent probe(1-SPN)by integrating a H_2S-responsive NIR fluorescent probe 1 into a H_2S-inert poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4 H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene)-alt-4,7(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)](PCPDTBT)-based NIR semiconducting polymer nanoparticle(SPN).1-SPN shows"always on"PCPDTBT fluorescence at 830 nm and weak probe 1 fluorescence at 725 nm under excitation at 680 nm.The ratio of NIR fluorescence intensities between 725 and 830 nm(I_(725)/I_(830))is small.Upon interaction with H_2S,the fluorescence at 725 nm is rapidly switched on,resulting in a large enhancement of I_(725)/I_(830),which is allowed for sensitive visualization and quantification of H_2S concentrations in living cells.Taking advantage of enhanced tissue penetration depth of NIR fluorescence,1-SPN is also applied for real-time ratiometric fluorescence imaging of hepatic and tumor H_2S in living mice.This study demonstrates that activatable ratiometric NIR fluorescent probes hold great potential for in vivo imaging.
基金partially supported by the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC0311005).
文摘Fluorogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics(AIEgens)have been developed in an unprece-dented manner in the biomedical field over the past decade,which is ascribable to their superior fluorescence quantum yields,photosensitivities,as well as their“turn-on”characteristics in their aggregate states.By delib-erately engineering their molecular structures and nanocarriers,the input energies of AIEgens can be channeled into specific forms,thereby enabling bioimaging,phototherapy,and even synergetic therapy.Moreover,multiple targeting strategies have been tailored for nidus and pathogen localization that subsequently guide therapeutic processes.This review integrates application-oriented design strategies for AIEgens,demonstrating how microscopic imaging,bioimaging,and theranostics can be developed to combat tumors,pathogens,and other diseases,and critically discusses challenges and perspectives for clinical translation.
