Globular clusters harbor numerous millisecond pulsars,but long-period pulsars(P 100 ms)are rarely found.In this study,we employed a fast folding algorithm to analyze observational data from multiple globular clusters ...Globular clusters harbor numerous millisecond pulsars,but long-period pulsars(P 100 ms)are rarely found.In this study,we employed a fast folding algorithm to analyze observational data from multiple globular clusters obtained by the Five-hundredmeter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),aiming to detect the existence of long-period pulsars.We estimated the impact of the median filtering algorithm in eliminating red noise on the minimum detectable flux density(S_(min))of pulsars.Subsequently,we successfully discovered two isolated long-period pulsars in M15 with periods approximately equal to 1.928451 and3.960716 s,respectively.On the P-˙P diagram,both pulsars are positioned below the spin-up line,suggesting a possible history of partial recycling in X-ray binary systems disrupted by dynamical encounters later on.According to timing results,these two pulsars exhibit remarkably strong magnetic fields.If the magnetic fields were weakened during the accretion process,then a short duration of accretion might explain the strong magnetic fields of these pulsars.展开更多
High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)has been reported to play an important role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Astrocytes are important components of neurovascular units and tightly appose the endotheli...High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)has been reported to play an important role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Astrocytes are important components of neurovascular units and tightly appose the endothelial cells of microvessels by their perivascular endfeet and directly regulate the functions of the blood-brain barrier.Astrocytes express more HMGB1 during EAE while the exact roles of astrocytic HMGB1 in EAE have not been well elucidated.Here,using conditional-knockout mice,we found that astrocytic HMGB1 depletion decreased morbidity,delayed the onset time,and reduced the disease score and demyelination of EAE.Meanwhile,there were fewer immune cells,especially pathogenic T cells infiltration in the central nervous system of astrocytic HMGB1 conditional-knockout EAE mice,accompanied by up-regulated expression of the tight-junction protein Claudin5 and down-regulated expression of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1 in vivo.In vitro,HMGB1 released from astrocytes decreased Claudin5 while increased ICAM1 and VCAM1 expressed by brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)through TLR4 or RAGE.Taken together,our results demonstrate that HMGB1 derived from astrocytes aggravates EAE by directly influencing the immune cell infiltration-associated functions of BMECs.展开更多
Perovskite photodetectors have gradually shown preeminent photoelectric performance due to the unique material properties.In recent years,lots of works have been reported in improving the sensitivity,changing detectio...Perovskite photodetectors have gradually shown preeminent photoelectric performance due to the unique material properties.In recent years,lots of works have been reported in improving the sensitivity,changing detection spectrum range and enhancing long-term stability.Herein,we summarize the some efficient strategies for performance improvement and synchronously analyze severe issues exposed in that.Furthermore,some reasonable proposals are put forward to solve future predicted troubles.In addition,more prospective assumptions are proposed on the basis of the development trend in photoelectric detection fields.We hope this perspective will allow researchers to have a clearer understanding of recent studies based on perovskite photodetectors and inspire more meaningful work in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11988101,12103013,12041303,U2031117,12373109,and 12103069)the National SKA Program of China(Grant Nos.2020SKA0120200,2022SKA0130100,and2022SKA0130104)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4503300)the Foundation of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province(Grant No.(2021)023)the Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Education Department(Grant Nos.KY(2020)003,and KY(2023)059)。
文摘Globular clusters harbor numerous millisecond pulsars,but long-period pulsars(P 100 ms)are rarely found.In this study,we employed a fast folding algorithm to analyze observational data from multiple globular clusters obtained by the Five-hundredmeter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),aiming to detect the existence of long-period pulsars.We estimated the impact of the median filtering algorithm in eliminating red noise on the minimum detectable flux density(S_(min))of pulsars.Subsequently,we successfully discovered two isolated long-period pulsars in M15 with periods approximately equal to 1.928451 and3.960716 s,respectively.On the P-˙P diagram,both pulsars are positioned below the spin-up line,suggesting a possible history of partial recycling in X-ray binary systems disrupted by dynamical encounters later on.According to timing results,these two pulsars exhibit remarkably strong magnetic fields.If the magnetic fields were weakened during the accretion process,then a short duration of accretion might explain the strong magnetic fields of these pulsars.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670876 and 82171761).
文摘High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)has been reported to play an important role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Astrocytes are important components of neurovascular units and tightly appose the endothelial cells of microvessels by their perivascular endfeet and directly regulate the functions of the blood-brain barrier.Astrocytes express more HMGB1 during EAE while the exact roles of astrocytic HMGB1 in EAE have not been well elucidated.Here,using conditional-knockout mice,we found that astrocytic HMGB1 depletion decreased morbidity,delayed the onset time,and reduced the disease score and demyelination of EAE.Meanwhile,there were fewer immune cells,especially pathogenic T cells infiltration in the central nervous system of astrocytic HMGB1 conditional-knockout EAE mice,accompanied by up-regulated expression of the tight-junction protein Claudin5 and down-regulated expression of the cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1 in vivo.In vitro,HMGB1 released from astrocytes decreased Claudin5 while increased ICAM1 and VCAM1 expressed by brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)through TLR4 or RAGE.Taken together,our results demonstrate that HMGB1 derived from astrocytes aggravates EAE by directly influencing the immune cell infiltration-associated functions of BMECs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51773045,21772030,51922032,21961160720,61875072Science and Technology Project of Education Department of Jilin Province,Grant/Award Number:JJKH20190011KJNational Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFA0206600。
文摘Perovskite photodetectors have gradually shown preeminent photoelectric performance due to the unique material properties.In recent years,lots of works have been reported in improving the sensitivity,changing detection spectrum range and enhancing long-term stability.Herein,we summarize the some efficient strategies for performance improvement and synchronously analyze severe issues exposed in that.Furthermore,some reasonable proposals are put forward to solve future predicted troubles.In addition,more prospective assumptions are proposed on the basis of the development trend in photoelectric detection fields.We hope this perspective will allow researchers to have a clearer understanding of recent studies based on perovskite photodetectors and inspire more meaningful work in the future.