Research on Nanometer Technique and Low-Work-Loss Sensor

The preparation process of the CO gas sensor used at normal temperature is presented.The electric conductance of this type of sensor evolved oscillation from regularly when the sensor is exposed to low level CO gas.The gas sensing mechanism was investigated by its crystalline structure.The mechanism of information sensing,which was the concurrence of the grain boundary barrier control and the crystal surface control,is discussed.

<i>In Vitro</i>Study of the Nephrotoxicity of Tripterygium Tablet Extract and Triptolide in Monolayer HK-2 Cells Cultured in a Transwell Chamber

We established a monolayer polarized cell model using human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells cultured in a transwell chamber to examine the changes in the morphology and physiological functions of human-derived renal proximal tubular epithelial cells caused by tripterygium tablet extract (TTE) and triptolide. HK-2 cells were cultured on PCF membranes to form a complete monolayer of cells. A MTT assay was used to select 10, 40, 160, 640 μg·ml-1 TTE or 4, 16, 64, 256 ng·ml-1 triptolide to treat HK-2 monolayer cells. After 24 hours, a FITC permeability assay was performed;GGT, LDH and NAG secretion on the apical (AP) and basolateral (BL) sides of the cells by HK-2 cells were examined. The morphology and the monolayer structure of HK-2 cells was observed via optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The effect on the cytoskeleton of HK-2 cells was observed under a fluorescence microscope. The IC50 of TTE was 277.122 μg·ml-1, and the IC50 of triptolide was 148.035 ng·ml-1. Compared with the DMSO group, the FITC leakage rate with TTE 160, 640 μg·ml-1 treated group and 4 - 256 ng·ml-1 triptolide dose group exhibited statistically significant increase. TTE significantly increased secretion of GGT and LDH at 160, 640 μg·ml-1, meanwhile, dramatically increased the AP/BL ratio of LDH at 160 μg·ml-1;triptolide significantly increased secretion and AP/BL ratio of GGT and LDH at 256 ng·ml-1. The morphological observations via optical and electron microscope indicated various degrees of damage to HK-2 cells by TTE and triptolide, and the degree of damage correlated positively with the dosage of the tested articles. Compared with DMSO group, the cellular damage degrees at TTE dosages of 40 - 640 μg·ml-1 and triptolide dose group at 16, 256 ng·ml-1 exhibited statistically significant differences via observation under optical microscope. Both TTE and triptolide caused various degrees of shortening and thickening of intracellular F-actin bundles of HK-2 cells;aggravation of these changes was observed with increasing drug dosage. Thus, we conclude both TTE and triptolide caused damage to human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells at certain dosages;TTE dosages of 40 μg·ml-1 and above and triptolide dose group at 16 ng·ml-1 and above exhibited the changes in the morphology, meanwhile, TTE dosages of 160 μg·ml-1 and above and triptolide dose group at 256 ng·ml-1 exhibited the changes in the physiological functions such as secretion of HK-2 cell.

Chinese herbal medicines for treating ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota-intestinal immunity axis

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is one of types of inflammatory bowel disease with high recurrence.Recent studies have highlighted that microbial dysbiosis as well as abnormal gut immunity are crucial factors that initiate a series of inflammatory responses in the UC.Modulating the gut microbiota-intestinal immunity loop has been suggested as one of key strategies for relieving UC.Many Chinese herbal medicines including some of single herb,herbal formulas and the derived constituents have been reported with protective effect against UC through modulating gut microbiome and intestinal immunity.Some clinical trials have shown promising results.This review thus focused on the current knowledge on using Chinese herbal medicines for treating UC from the mechanism aspects of regulating intestinal homeostasis involving microbiota and gut immunity.The existing clinical trials are also summarized.

Research progress of space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation technology(SNLT):A review

Space missions have become diversified in recent years, where connection and separation devices play a crucial role as key components of various spacecraft. Traditional pyrotechnic devices have the advantages of large carrying capacity, rapid motion and functional reliability. However,their shortcomings such as great release shock, poor safety, unrepeatability and other prominent defects make them unsuitable for new generation spacecraft such as microsatellites to separate at low shock or lock repeatedly, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to develop space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation devices(SNLD) which are required for advanced aerospace missions. In this paper, the progress of the research on space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation technology(SNLT) is summarized and reviewed. Proceed from the principle of reducing shock for non-pyrotechnic devices, present studies are classified from the perspective of actuating technology and systematic designing methods. For non-pyrotechnic actuating techniques,according to different driving sources, the separation devices are classified into several main categories: electric, magnetic, gas and thermal actuating devices. The actuation principle and application prospect of separation techniques are introduced and the working process, dimension and mechanical properties of typical devices are compared and evaluated. For the systematic designing method, the common mechanism types of SNLDs are summarized according to the designing concept of reducing shock. Then connection configurations are classified according to the structural forms of connection devices, of which the principles, bearing capacities and general applications are discussed. This paper systematically summarizes the key problems, puts forward the future development trend of SNLT, and points out the breakthrough direction for related scholars.

Light-up lipid droplets for the visualization of lipophagy and atherosclerosis by coumarin-derived bioprobe

Lipid droplets(LDs) are intracellular lipid-metabolism organelles that involved in many physiological processes,metabolic disorders as well as diseases such as atherosclerosis.However,the specific probes that can visually locate abnormal LDs-rich tissues and track LDs-associated behavior to the naked eye with adequate biosafety still are rare.Herein,we develop a new design strategy of LDs-targeted probe based on the solvatochromism of coumarin derivatives.The results revealed that the emission wavelength of coumarin fluorophores gradually red shift in different solvents with increasing polarity,while absorption wavelength almost unchanged.As a result,the enlarged stokes shift of coumarin was emerged from oil to water.Furthermore,properly reducing water solubility and adding electronic donor at the structure of coumarins can enlarge this type of solvatochromism.This discovery was utilized to develop suitable probe for the image of LDs and LDs-rich tissues with high resolution and biosafety.Therefore,LDs-associated behavior was visible to the naked eye during the process of lipophagy and atherosclerosis.We deem that the developed probe here offers a new possibility to accurately diagnosis and analyse LDs-related diseases in clinic and preclinical study.