Objective： Ethanol treatment induces an increase in oxidative stress. As licorice compounds are potent antioxidants, our aim was to examine whether magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate attenuated lipid peroxidation, the majo...Objective： Ethanol treatment induces an increase in oxidative stress. As licorice compounds are potent antioxidants, our aim was to examine whether magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate attenuated lipid peroxidation, the major end-point of oxidative damage resulting from ethanol administration. Methods： Four groups（18 animals in each group） of male Kunming mice were used. The first group served as control and received 0.4 ml normal saline daily for 18 days orally. The second group of mice was given 56% ethanol at 16 ml/kg body weight per day for 18 days orally. The third group was given the same dose of ethanol and administrated magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate （15 mg/kg.d, i.p.） for 18 days. The fourth group was given the same dose of ethanol and administrated with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate （45 mg/kg.d, i.p.） for 18 days. Twenty four hours after 9 days or 18 days of treatment the mice were sacrificed using 10% chloral hydrate. Sperm counts and motility in the epididymis were assessed. The lipid peroxidation and antioxidants of testicular mitochondria were also determined. The pathological changes of testicle tissue of the mice were observed by light microscopy. Results： Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate effectively prevented the ethanol-induced seminiferous epithelium disorganization and degeneration of Sertoli cells and germ cells. Sperm counts and motility of the magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate treated groups were higher than those of the alcohol treated group, but were lower than those of the control group. The drug exhibited an ability to counteract ethanol induced oxidative challenge as it effectively reduced testicular malondialdehyde （MDA） and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Conclusion： Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate is able to inhibit the ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation and has a protective effect against testicular oxidative injury.展开更多
Wu Zhao 武曌（624-705; r. 690-705）, better known as Wu Zetian 武则天, or Empress Wu 武后, was the first and only female emperor in Chinese history. Her history and legends have attracted considerable scholarship that...Wu Zhao 武曌（624-705; r. 690-705）, better known as Wu Zetian 武则天, or Empress Wu 武后, was the first and only female emperor in Chinese history. Her history and legends have attracted considerable scholarship that explores her life from various perspectives. In these studies, two significant approaches are： analysis of the relation between Wu Zetian and contemporary religious culture, and gender studies. Norman Rothschild＇s book, Emperor Wu Zhao and Her Pantheon of Devis, Divinities and Dynastic Mothers, seems to be the first monograph to combine and integrate these two approaches systematically into one framework--the concept of female divinities and their relationships with Wu Zhao all through her lengthy political life. The book will considerably expand our horizons on this topic.展开更多
文摘Objective： Ethanol treatment induces an increase in oxidative stress. As licorice compounds are potent antioxidants, our aim was to examine whether magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate attenuated lipid peroxidation, the major end-point of oxidative damage resulting from ethanol administration. Methods： Four groups（18 animals in each group） of male Kunming mice were used. The first group served as control and received 0.4 ml normal saline daily for 18 days orally. The second group of mice was given 56% ethanol at 16 ml/kg body weight per day for 18 days orally. The third group was given the same dose of ethanol and administrated magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate （15 mg/kg.d, i.p.） for 18 days. The fourth group was given the same dose of ethanol and administrated with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate （45 mg/kg.d, i.p.） for 18 days. Twenty four hours after 9 days or 18 days of treatment the mice were sacrificed using 10% chloral hydrate. Sperm counts and motility in the epididymis were assessed. The lipid peroxidation and antioxidants of testicular mitochondria were also determined. The pathological changes of testicle tissue of the mice were observed by light microscopy. Results： Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate effectively prevented the ethanol-induced seminiferous epithelium disorganization and degeneration of Sertoli cells and germ cells. Sperm counts and motility of the magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate treated groups were higher than those of the alcohol treated group, but were lower than those of the control group. The drug exhibited an ability to counteract ethanol induced oxidative challenge as it effectively reduced testicular malondialdehyde （MDA） and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Conclusion： Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate is able to inhibit the ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation and has a protective effect against testicular oxidative injury.
文摘Wu Zhao 武曌（624-705; r. 690-705）, better known as Wu Zetian 武则天, or Empress Wu 武后, was the first and only female emperor in Chinese history. Her history and legends have attracted considerable scholarship that explores her life from various perspectives. In these studies, two significant approaches are： analysis of the relation between Wu Zetian and contemporary religious culture, and gender studies. Norman Rothschild＇s book, Emperor Wu Zhao and Her Pantheon of Devis, Divinities and Dynastic Mothers, seems to be the first monograph to combine and integrate these two approaches systematically into one framework--the concept of female divinities and their relationships with Wu Zhao all through her lengthy political life. The book will considerably expand our horizons on this topic.
