One hallmark of glasses is the existence of excess vibrational modes at low frequenciesωbeyond Debye’s prediction.Numerous studies suggest that understanding low-frequency excess vibrations could help gain insight i...One hallmark of glasses is the existence of excess vibrational modes at low frequenciesωbeyond Debye’s prediction.Numerous studies suggest that understanding low-frequency excess vibrations could help gain insight into the anomalous mechanical and thermodynamic properties of glasses.However,there is still intensive debate as to the frequency dependence of the population of low-frequency excess vibrations.In particular,excess modes could hybridize with phonon-like modes and the density of hybridized excess modes has been reported to follow D_(exc)(ω)~ω^(2)in 2D glasses with an inverse power law potential.Yet,the universality of the quadratic scaling remains unknown,since recent work suggested that interaction potentials could influence the scaling of the vibrational spectrum.Here,we extend the universality of the quadratic scaling for hybridized excess modes in 2D to glasses with potentials ranging from the purely repulsive soft-core interaction to the hard-core one with both repulsion and attraction as well as to glasses with significant differences in density or interparticle repulsion.Moreover,we observe that the number of hybridized excess modes exhibits a decrease in glasses with higher density or steeper interparticle repulsion,which is accompanied by a suppression of the strength of the sound attenuation.Our results indicate that the density bears some resemblance to the repulsive steepness of the interaction in influencing low-frequency properties.展开更多
Objective Chlorination is often used to disinfect recreational water in large amusement parks;however,the health hazards of chlorination disinfection by-products(DBPs)to occupational populations are unknown.This study...Objective Chlorination is often used to disinfect recreational water in large amusement parks;however,the health hazards of chlorination disinfection by-products(DBPs)to occupational populations are unknown.This study aimed to assess the exposure status of chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and the health risks to employees of large amusement parks.Methods Exposure parameters of employees of three large amusement parks in Shanghai were investigated using a questionnaire.Seven typical chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and spray samples were quantified by gas chromatography,and the health risks to amusement park employees exposed to chlorinated DBPs were evaluated according to the WHO's risk assessment framework.Results Trichloroacetic acid,dibromochloromethane,bromodichloromethane,and dichloroacetic acid were detected predominantly in recreational water.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the five DBPs did not exceed the risk thresholds.In addition,the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of mixed exposure to DBPs were within the acceptable risk limits.Conclusion Typical DBPs were widely detected in recreational water collected from three large amusement parks in Shanghai;however,the health risks of DBPs and their mixtures were within acceptable limits.展开更多
Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causing thrombosis is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome and ischemic strokes.Inhibition of thrombosis is one of the important tasks developing biomedical materials such as in...Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causing thrombosis is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome and ischemic strokes.Inhibition of thrombosis is one of the important tasks developing biomedical materials such as intravascular stents and vascular grafts.Shear stress(SS)influences the formation and development of atherosclerosis.The current review focuses on the vulnerable plaques observed in the high shear stress(HSS)regions,which localizes at the proximal region of the plaque intruding into the lumen.The vascular outward remodelling occurs in the HSS region for vascular compensation and that angiogenesis is a critical factor for HSS which induces atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation.These results greatly challenge the established belief that low shear stress is important for expansive remodelling,which provides a new perspective for preventing the transition of stable plaques to high-risk atherosclerotic lesions.展开更多
The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)emerged and spread rapidly throughout the world.As of February 29,2020,79389 cases of COVID-19 hav...The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)emerged and spread rapidly throughout the world.As of February 29,2020,79389 cases of COVID-19 have been reported,and the outbreak is linked to 2838 deaths.The population is generally susceptible to the disease,and differences in incubation periods after infection exist among individuals.These two aspects of COVID-19 pose significant challenges to pediatric orthopedic diagnosis and treatment.As a dedicated center for managing pediatric cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Shanghai,our hospital has mobilized all branches and departments to undertake joint actions for scientific prevention and control,precise countermeasure and comprehensive anti-epidemic efforts.Combined with our experience,we have consulted the relevant national regulations and the latest research advances and have formulated the prevention and control measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection,including outpatient,emergency,inpatient and surgical cares,for clinical practices of pediatric orthopedics according to the physicochemical properties of SARS-CoV-2.It may serve as practical references and recommendations for managing SARS-CoV-2 infection in other pediatric specialties and in other hospitals.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374202 and 12004001)Anhui Projects(Grant Nos.2022AH020009,S020218016,and Z010118169)+1 种基金Hefei City(Grant No.Z020132009)Anhui University(start-up fund)。
文摘One hallmark of glasses is the existence of excess vibrational modes at low frequenciesωbeyond Debye’s prediction.Numerous studies suggest that understanding low-frequency excess vibrations could help gain insight into the anomalous mechanical and thermodynamic properties of glasses.However,there is still intensive debate as to the frequency dependence of the population of low-frequency excess vibrations.In particular,excess modes could hybridize with phonon-like modes and the density of hybridized excess modes has been reported to follow D_(exc)(ω)~ω^(2)in 2D glasses with an inverse power law potential.Yet,the universality of the quadratic scaling remains unknown,since recent work suggested that interaction potentials could influence the scaling of the vibrational spectrum.Here,we extend the universality of the quadratic scaling for hybridized excess modes in 2D to glasses with potentials ranging from the purely repulsive soft-core interaction to the hard-core one with both repulsion and attraction as well as to glasses with significant differences in density or interparticle repulsion.Moreover,we observe that the number of hybridized excess modes exhibits a decrease in glasses with higher density or steeper interparticle repulsion,which is accompanied by a suppression of the strength of the sound attenuation.Our results indicate that the density bears some resemblance to the repulsive steepness of the interaction in influencing low-frequency properties.
基金funded by the Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants(Grant No.SEPKL-EHIAEC-202210)the Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Grant No.202240327)the Key Discipline Project of the Three-year Action Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction in Shanghai(2023-2025)(Grant No.GWVI-11.1-38)。
文摘Objective Chlorination is often used to disinfect recreational water in large amusement parks;however,the health hazards of chlorination disinfection by-products(DBPs)to occupational populations are unknown.This study aimed to assess the exposure status of chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and the health risks to employees of large amusement parks.Methods Exposure parameters of employees of three large amusement parks in Shanghai were investigated using a questionnaire.Seven typical chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and spray samples were quantified by gas chromatography,and the health risks to amusement park employees exposed to chlorinated DBPs were evaluated according to the WHO's risk assessment framework.Results Trichloroacetic acid,dibromochloromethane,bromodichloromethane,and dichloroacetic acid were detected predominantly in recreational water.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the five DBPs did not exceed the risk thresholds.In addition,the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of mixed exposure to DBPs were within the acceptable risk limits.Conclusion Typical DBPs were widely detected in recreational water collected from three large amusement parks in Shanghai;however,the health risks of DBPs and their mixtures were within acceptable limits.
基金This research program was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370949,11332003,81400329 and 11372364)Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(cstc2013kjrc-ljrccj10003)as well as the Public Experiment Center of State Bioindustrial Base(Chongqing),China.
文摘Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causing thrombosis is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome and ischemic strokes.Inhibition of thrombosis is one of the important tasks developing biomedical materials such as intravascular stents and vascular grafts.Shear stress(SS)influences the formation and development of atherosclerosis.The current review focuses on the vulnerable plaques observed in the high shear stress(HSS)regions,which localizes at the proximal region of the plaque intruding into the lumen.The vascular outward remodelling occurs in the HSS region for vascular compensation and that angiogenesis is a critical factor for HSS which induces atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque formation.These results greatly challenge the established belief that low shear stress is important for expansive remodelling,which provides a new perspective for preventing the transition of stable plaques to high-risk atherosclerotic lesions.
文摘The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)emerged and spread rapidly throughout the world.As of February 29,2020,79389 cases of COVID-19 have been reported,and the outbreak is linked to 2838 deaths.The population is generally susceptible to the disease,and differences in incubation periods after infection exist among individuals.These two aspects of COVID-19 pose significant challenges to pediatric orthopedic diagnosis and treatment.As a dedicated center for managing pediatric cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Shanghai,our hospital has mobilized all branches and departments to undertake joint actions for scientific prevention and control,precise countermeasure and comprehensive anti-epidemic efforts.Combined with our experience,we have consulted the relevant national regulations and the latest research advances and have formulated the prevention and control measures of SARS-CoV-2 infection,including outpatient,emergency,inpatient and surgical cares,for clinical practices of pediatric orthopedics according to the physicochemical properties of SARS-CoV-2.It may serve as practical references and recommendations for managing SARS-CoV-2 infection in other pediatric specialties and in other hospitals.