Considering the need for efficiently and rapidly treating oily wastewater while preventing secondary pollution,the nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)was supported on biochar prepared by using a spent mushroom substrate(...Considering the need for efficiently and rapidly treating oily wastewater while preventing secondary pollution,the nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)was supported on biochar prepared by using a spent mushroom substrate(SMS),to produce an iron-carbon composite(SMS-nZVI).The ability of the SMS-nZVI to treat wastewater containing high concentration of oil was then comprehensively evaluated.The morphology,structure,and other properties of the composite were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen sorption analysis,and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the biochar prepared by using the SMS can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nZVI and increase the overall specific surface area,thereby enhancing the absorption of petroleum by the composite.Experiments reveal that compared with the SMS and nZVI,the SMS-nZVI composite removes petroleum faster and more efficiently from wastewater.Under optimized conditions involving an nZVI to biochar mass ratio of 1:5 and a pH value of 4,the efficiency for removal of petroleum from wastewater with an initial petroleum concentration of 1000 mg/L could reach 95%within 5 h.Based on a natural aging treatment involving exposure to air for 30 d,the SMS-nZVI composite retained an oil removal rate of higher than 62%,and this result could highlight its stability for practical applications.展开更多
In this study,physicochemical,cluster,and high-throughput sequencing analyses were used to investigate the joint effects of salt and herbicide(glyphosate)stress factors on the microbial remediation of soil contaminate...In this study,physicochemical,cluster,and high-throughput sequencing analyses were used to investigate the joint effects of salt and herbicide(glyphosate)stress factors on the microbial remediation of soil contaminated by n-hexadecane and phenanthrene.Based on the soil’s physical and chemical properties,differences in microbial quantity and enzyme activities were analyzed among the samples,and how that influenced distribution of soil community structure was focused upon.After 120 days of indoor simulated remediation,the cumulative degradation rate of n-hexadecane decreased by 94.92%(blank control),96.96%(low concentration salt and glyphosate stress group),65.07%(high concentration salt and glyphosate stress group),while that of phenanthrene decreased by 87.33%(blank control),86.25%(low concentration salt and glyphosate stress group),58.45%(high concentration salt and glyphosate stress group).The combined stress of salt and herbicides was capable of lowering the reduction efficiency of organic matter,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus,and also restricting the growth of microorganisms and enzyme activities.Cluster analysis results indicated that the non-stress group was similar to the low-concentration compound stress group during different remedial period,whereas both of those differed starkly from the high-concentration compound stress group.High-throughput sequencing revealed that the dominant soil bacteria phyla shifted from Firmicutes to Actinobacteria within 120 days of remediation.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the State Key Laboratory of Petroleum and Petrochemical Contaminant Control and Treatment,the Open Project(Authorization:PPC2019021)the Research and Promotion Project of Key Technologies for Safety and Environmental Protection of CNPC(2017D-4013)the PetroChina Technology Innovation Fund Research Project(Authorization:2017D-5007-0601,2018D-5007-0605).
文摘Considering the need for efficiently and rapidly treating oily wastewater while preventing secondary pollution,the nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)was supported on biochar prepared by using a spent mushroom substrate(SMS),to produce an iron-carbon composite(SMS-nZVI).The ability of the SMS-nZVI to treat wastewater containing high concentration of oil was then comprehensively evaluated.The morphology,structure,and other properties of the composite were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller nitrogen sorption analysis,and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the biochar prepared by using the SMS can effectively prevent the agglomeration of nZVI and increase the overall specific surface area,thereby enhancing the absorption of petroleum by the composite.Experiments reveal that compared with the SMS and nZVI,the SMS-nZVI composite removes petroleum faster and more efficiently from wastewater.Under optimized conditions involving an nZVI to biochar mass ratio of 1:5 and a pH value of 4,the efficiency for removal of petroleum from wastewater with an initial petroleum concentration of 1000 mg/L could reach 95%within 5 h.Based on a natural aging treatment involving exposure to air for 30 d,the SMS-nZVI composite retained an oil removal rate of higher than 62%,and this result could highlight its stability for practical applications.
基金This study was supported by the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control(Grant No.PPC2019021)the Fundamental Reseach Funds for the central universities(22CX01004A-6)+1 种基金the CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology and CNPC Technology Innovation Fund Research Project(Grant Nos.2017D-5007-0601 and 2018D-5007-0605)the Research and Promotion Project of key technologies for safety and environmental protection of CNPC(2017D-4013).
文摘In this study,physicochemical,cluster,and high-throughput sequencing analyses were used to investigate the joint effects of salt and herbicide(glyphosate)stress factors on the microbial remediation of soil contaminated by n-hexadecane and phenanthrene.Based on the soil’s physical and chemical properties,differences in microbial quantity and enzyme activities were analyzed among the samples,and how that influenced distribution of soil community structure was focused upon.After 120 days of indoor simulated remediation,the cumulative degradation rate of n-hexadecane decreased by 94.92%(blank control),96.96%(low concentration salt and glyphosate stress group),65.07%(high concentration salt and glyphosate stress group),while that of phenanthrene decreased by 87.33%(blank control),86.25%(low concentration salt and glyphosate stress group),58.45%(high concentration salt and glyphosate stress group).The combined stress of salt and herbicides was capable of lowering the reduction efficiency of organic matter,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus,and also restricting the growth of microorganisms and enzyme activities.Cluster analysis results indicated that the non-stress group was similar to the low-concentration compound stress group during different remedial period,whereas both of those differed starkly from the high-concentration compound stress group.High-throughput sequencing revealed that the dominant soil bacteria phyla shifted from Firmicutes to Actinobacteria within 120 days of remediation.
