A Z-scheme LaFeO_(3)-CuFe_(2)O4 composite for sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process:Synergistic effect and mechanism

The sulfate radical-based photocatalytic process is supposed to be the most promising way to degrade organic pollutants.However,the development of a suitable and efficient photocatalyst is very challenging.The 40LaFeO_(3)-CuFe_(2)O_(4)(40LFO-CFO)nanocomposite was constructed and its catalytic performance was studied using Rhodamine B(RhB)as the target pollutant.40LFO-CFO exhibited excellent RhB degradation by the persulfate(PS)-assisted photocatalytic process compared to the pristine LFO and CFO.The degradation rate constant for RhB by 40LFO-CFO in the Vis/PS system was 2.22h^(-1)which is 3.04 times and 5.05 times higher than the pristine LFO(0.73 h^(-1))and CFO(0.44h^(-1)),respectively.Furthermore,the trapping experiments and EPR spectra proved that h^(+) plays a leading role in the bleaching of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/PS/Vis system.The enhanced photocatalytic oxidation activity of 40LFO-CFO could be attributed to the unique charge carriers flow in 40LFO-CFO due to the Z-scheme and the cooperation effect between photocatalysis and PS activation.The recycle tests confessed the stability of 40LFO-CFO.Additionally,the intermediates and products of RhB are detected by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry(LC-MS),and the photocatalytic degradation routes of RhB for the 40LFO-CFO/Vis/PS system were proposed.Moreover,the 40LFO-CFO nanocomposite has a superior catalytic performance for other organics,suggesting that it is a promising heterocatalyst because of its high catalytic activity and stability for the PS-assisted photocatalytic process.

A review of the pangenome:how it affects our understanding of genomic variation,selection and breeding in domestic animals?

As large-scale genomic studies have progressed,it has been revealed that a single reference genome pattern cannot represent genetic diversity at the species level.While domestic animals tend to have complex routes of origin and migration,suggesting a possible omission of some population-specific sequences in the current reference genome.Conversely,the pangenome is a collection of all DNA sequences of a species that contains sequences shared by all individuals(core genome)and is also able to display sequence information unique to each individual(variable genome).The progress of pangenome research in humans,plants and domestic animals has proved that the missing genetic components and the identification of large structural variants(SVs)can be explored through pangenomic studies.Many individual specific sequences have been shown to be related to biological adaptability,phenotype and important economic traits.The maturity of technologies and methods such as third-generation sequencing,Tel-omere-to-telomere genomes,graphic genomes,and reference-free assembly will further promote the development of pangenome.In the future,pangenome combined with long-read data and multi-omics will help to resolve large SVs and their relationship with the main economic traits of interest in domesticated animals,providing better insights into animal domestication,evolution and breeding.In this review,we mainly discuss how pangenome analysis reveals genetic variations in domestic animals(sheep,cattle,pigs,chickens)and their impacts on phenotypes and how this can contribute to the understanding of species diversity.Additionally,we also go through potential issues and the future perspectives of pangenome research in livestock and poultry.

Focal nodular hyperplasia coexistent with hepatoblastoma in a 36-d-old infant

Focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH) is a benign hepatic tumor characterized by hepatocyte hyperplasia and a central stellate scar.The association of FNH with other hepatic lesions,such as adenomas,hemangiomas and hepatocellular carcinoma,has been previously reported,but FNH associated with another hepatic tumor is rare in infants.Here we report a case of FNH coexistentwith hepatoblastoma in a 36-d-old girl.Computed tomography(CT) imaging showed an ill-delineated,inhomogeneous enhanced mass with a central star-like scar in the right lobe of the liver.The tumor showed early mild enhancement at the arterial phase(from 40 HU without contrast to 52 HU at the arterial phase),intense enhancement at the portal phase(87.7HU) and 98.1HU in the 3-min delay scan.A central scar in the tumor presented as low density on non-contrast CT and slightly enhanced at delayed contrast-enhanced scanning.This infant underwent surgical resection of the tumor.Histopathology demonstrated typical FNH coexistent with a focal hepatoblastoma,which showed epithelioid tumor cells separated by proliferated fibrous tissue.

A Fault Risk Warning Method of Integrated Energy Systems Based on RelieF-Softmax Algorithm

The integrated energy systems,usually including electric energy,natural gas and thermal energy,play a pivotal role in the energy Internet project,which could improve the accommodation of renewable energy through multienergy complementary ways.Focusing on the regional integrated energy system composed of electrical microgrid and natural gas network,a fault risk warning method based on the improved RelieF-softmax method is proposed in this paper.The raw data-set was first clustered by the K-maxmin method to improve the preference of the random sampling process in the RelieF algorithm,and thereby achieved a hierarchical and non-repeated sampling.Then,the improved RelieF algorithm is used to identify the feature vectors,calculate the feature weights,and select the preferred feature subset according to the initially set threshold.In addition,a correlation coefficient method is applied to reduce the feature subset,and further eliminate the redundant feature vectors to obtain the optimal feature subset.Finally,the softmax classifier is used to obtain the early warnings of the integrated energy system.Case studies are conducted on an integrated energy system in the south of China to demonstrate the accuracy of fault risk warning method proposed in this paper.

Defect of SLC38A3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Objective: Solute carrier family 38(SLC38 s) transporters play important roles in amino acid transportation and signaling transduction. However, their genetic alterations and biological roles in tumors are still largely unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the genetic signatures of SLC38 s transporters and their implications in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods: Analyses on somatic mutation and copy number alterations(CNAs) of SLC38 A3 were performed as described. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) assay and Western blot assay were used to detect the protein expression level. MTS assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay were used to explore the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Immunofluorescence assay was used to verify the colocalization of two indicated proteins and immunopreciptation assay was performed to confirm the interaction of proteins.Results: Our findings revealed that SLC38 s family was significantly disrupted in ESCC, with high frequent CNAs and few somatic mutations. SLC38 A3 was the most frequent loss gene among them and was linked to poor survival and lymph node metastasis. The expression of SLC38 A3 was lower in tumor tissues compared to that in normal tissues, which was also significantly associated with worse clinical outcome. Further experiments revealed that depletion of SLC38 A3 could promote EMT in ESCC cell lines, and the interaction of SLC38 A3 and SETDB1 might lead to the reduced transcription of Snail. Pharmacogenomic analyses demonstrated that fifteen inhibitors were showed significantly correlated with SLC38 A3 expression.Conclusions: Our investigations have provided insights that SLC38 A3 could act as a suppressor in EMT pathway and serve as a prognostic factor and predictor of differential drug sensitivities in ESCC.

HITACHI日立7180全自动生化分析仪性能验证

目的对新采购的HITACHI日立7180全自动生化分析仪进行性能验证。方法按照ISO15189的要求,参照美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)和美国临床实验室改进法案CLIA’88的质量要求,本文针对14个常规检测项目:总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素(BUN)、肌酐(CRE)、尿酸(UA)、总胆红素(TBIL)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(GLU)、磷(P)的精密度、正确度、线性范围、参考区间进行性能评价。结果批内精密度小于CLIA’88标准限值要求的四分之一,合格;批间精密度小于CLIA’88标准限值要求的三分之一,合格;正确度不超过CLIA’88标准限值要求的二分之一的要求;各检测项目引用的线性范围、参考区间符合要求。结论HITACHI日立7180全自动生化分析仪检测符合质量要求,可以为临床提供可靠的依据。

Effect of Daicong solution on hippocampal muscarinic receptors 1 and 3 gene expression in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

BACKGROUND： It has been previously shown that the muscarinic （M） receptor is involved in brain arousal and selective attention, mood, and motor coordination. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of various intragastric Daicong doses on hippocampal MI and M3 receptor gene expression in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized cellular and molecular biology experiment, conducted at the Molecular Immunology Laboratory in Shandong between October 2006 and April 2007. MATERIALS： Fifty 22-month old Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 250-300 g were used for this experiment. Kainic acid was used to lesion the nucleus basalis to establish a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease. The components of Daicong solution were as follows： ginseng, rehmannia dride rhizome, anemarrhena, and radix astragali. The solution was provided by the Affiliated Hospital to Weifang Medical College, according to preparation techniques of extracting liquid for traditional Chinese medicine （1 g crude drug/mL solution）. Kainic acid was provided by Professor Xiuyan Li at Weifang Medical College. METHODS： The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, 10 rats in each group. Four groups were used for model establishment, and the fifth group served as a normal control group. Three of the model groups were intragastrically administered 5, 10, and 20 g/kg/d Daicong solution, and an additional model group and normal control group received normal saline （10 mL/kg/d）. Drugs were administered over a time period of one month. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Four days after model establishment, Morris water maze was used to measure learning and memory capabilities. RT-PCR was used to detect the effect of Daicong solution on mRNA expression of M1 and M3 receptor in the hippocampus of all groups. RESULTS： Fifty rats were included in the final analysis, without any loss. M1 and M3 receptor mRNA expression was decreased in the model group, compared to the normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. Upon Daicong administration （10 g/kg/d and 20 g/kg/d）, M1 and M3 receptor mRNA expression significantly increased in the hippocampus, compared to the model group （P 〈 0.05）. M1 and M3 mRNA expression was greatest in the 10 g/kg/d group. CONCLUSION： A 10 g/kg/d solution of Daicong can improve M1 and M3 receptor mRNA expression in the hippocampus of a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease.

Diurnal Variations of Precipitation over the Steep Slopes of the Himalayas Observed by TRMM PR and VIRS

This study investigates diurnal variations of precipitation during May–August, 1998–2012, over the steep slopes of the Himalayas and adjacent regions(flat Gangetic Plains–FGP, foothills of the Himalayas–FHH, the steep slope of the southern Himalayas–SSSH, and the Himalayas-Tibetan Plateau tableland–HTPT). Diurnal variations are analyzed at the pixel level utilizing collocated TRMM precipitation radar and visible infrared data. The results indicate that rain parameters(including rain frequency, rain rate, and storm top altitude) are predominantly characterized by afternoon maxima and morning minima at HTPT and FGP, whereas, maximum rain parameters at FHH typically occur in the early morning. Rain parameters at SSSH are characterized by double peaks;one in the afternoon and one at midnight. Over HTPT and FGP,convective activity is strongest in the afternoon with the thickest crystallization layer. Over FHH, the vertical structure of precipitation develops most vigorously in the early morning when the most intense collision and growth of precipitation particles occurs. Over SSSH, moist convection is stronger in the afternoon and at midnight with strong mixing of ice and water particles. The results of harmonic analysis show that rain bands move southward from lower elevation of SSSH to FHH with apparent southward propagation of the harmonic phase from midnight to early morning. Moreover, the strongest diurnal harmonic is located at HTPT, having a diurnal harmonic percentage variance of up to 90%. Large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns exhibit obvious diurnal variability and correspond well to the distribution of precipitation.

A Preliminary Study on the Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody with Umbilical Cord Blood Cell

Objective: We conducted a preliminary study on the feasibility of preparing monoclonal antibody by umbilical cord blood cells systems. Methods: Collected umbilical cord blood cells and stimulated by Rubella virus, then incubated them and collected cell supernatant. By using Caprylic acid- saturated Ammonium sulfate method, monoclonal antibody was purified, and IgG subtype identification was conducted by their subtype classification kit of sigma. In traditional way, the preparation of monoclonal antibody cannot do without BABL/C mice and SP2/0 hybridoma cells. Consider this kinds of monoclonal antibody as a positive control, the reactivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies were identified by Dot-ELISA. Results: By ELISA, we obtained four strains of positive umbilical cord blood cells. After subculture, cryopreservation and resuscitation in vitro, three of them were confirmed to secrete monoclonal antibody against rubella virus stably. The result of monoclonal antibody subtype classification showed that, both IgG1 and IgG2 types were detected. However, the quantity of monoclonal antibody prepared by umbilical cord blood cells was less than that from traditional method. Conclusions: The method of prepare monoclonal antibody using umbilical cord blood cells is feasible.

CP正大速冻食品市场及消费者需求的研究——基于重庆市场的调研

围绕“市场坏境、消费者洞察、产品研究、品牌认知”四个核心问题,通过市场调研,发现CP正大速冻食品在重庆的市场机会如何,重庆市消费者对其品牌认知度的程度,其品牌应锁定的目标人群,并进一步对目标人群深挖,洞察消费者喜欢怎样的产品、怎样沟通才能吸引消费者,并且最终让消费者购买CP正大速冻食品。对问卷调查结果分析得出,CP正大速冻食品存在四个问题:第一,CP正大食品在重庆的品牌影响力弱;第二,速冻面点类食品价格是影响其消费的关键因素;第三,消费者购买速冻食品的主要场所集中在超市;第四,对速冻面点类产品主要关注的点在于速冻食品带来的方便性。针对如上问题,提出了两点可行性建议:第一,以产品宣传、搭建渠道为着力点;第二,以优化产品、合理定价为着力点。

CDK7-YAP-LDHD axis promotes D-lactate elimination and ferroptosis defense to support cancer stem cell-like properties

Reprogrammed cellular metabolism is essential for maintaining cancer stem cells(CSCs)state.Here,we report that mitochondrial D-lactate catabolism is a necessary initiating oncogenic event during tumorigenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).We discover that cyclin-dependent kinase 7(CDK7)phosphorylates nuclear Yes-associated protein 1(YAP)at S127 and S397 sites and enhances its transcription function,which promotes D-lactate dehydrogenase(LDHD)protein expression.Moreover,LDHD is enriched significantly in ESCC-CSCs rather than differentiated tumor cells and high LDHD status is connected with poor prognosis in ESCC patients.Mechanistically,the CDK7-YAP-LDHD axis helps ESCC-CSCs escape from ferroptosis induced by D-lactate and generates pyruvate to satisfy energetic demands for their elevated self-renewal potential.Hence,we conclude that esophageal CSCs adopt a D-lactate elimination and pyruvate accumulation mode dependent on CDK7-YAP-LDHD axis,which drives stemness-associated hallmarks of ESCC-CSCs.Reasonably,targeting metabolic checkpoints may serve as an effective strategy for ESCC therapy.

Whole-genome sequencing reveals selection signals among Chinese,Pakistani,and Nepalese goats

The goat(Capra hircus)is one of the oldest domesticated animal species,with archeological evidence indicating that its earliest domestication from the wild ancestor(bezoar)occurred in the Fertile Crescent 10,000 calibrated calendar years ago(Zeder and Hesse,2000).A variety of well-adapted goat breeds with excellent economic traits have been selected artificially and naturally for human needs in China,Pakistan,and Nepal.For example,cashmere goat breeds produce fine cashmere wool and are mainly distributed on the Himalayan Plateau(e.g.,Nepal and Tibet)and in cold northern China(e.g.,Inner Mongolia and Liaoning).The Toggenburg dairy goat is the most productive breed of dairy goat and is distributed in at least 50 countries on all continents(Ferro et al.,2017).Pakistani ewes are reared mostly for meat and wool purposes,but some are used as dairy goats,such as the Bugi Toori goat and Pateri goat(Bilal et al.,2018).Additionally,indigenous goats of the southern Asian regions are well adapted to the local hot environment.Their unique traits and biodiversity serve as genetic resources that can be used for the artificial breeding of goats.Recently,several studies have provided patterns of genome-wide characteristics in goat populations to explore the underlying genetic basis of trait formation and environmental adaptability in China(Zhang et al.,2018),Pakistan(Kumar et al.,2018),and Nepal(Sasazaki et al.,2021),respectively.However,due to the proximity of these geographic regions,the profiles of genetic differences,gene flow,and common genes related to high trait performance between goat populations from China,Pakistan,and Nepal remain unclear.

Psoralen inhibits hepatitis B viral replication by down-regulating the host transcriptional machinery of viral promoters

The hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a global public health challenge due to its highly contagious nature. It is estimated that almost 300 million people live with chronic HBV infection annually. Although nucleoside analogs markedly reduce the risk of liver disease progression, the analogs do not fully eradicate the virus. As such, new treatment options and drugs are urgently needed. Psoralen is a nourishing monomer of Chinese herb and is known to inhibit virus replication and inactivate viruses. In this study, we evaluated the potential of psoralen as an anti-HBV agent.Quantitative PCR and Southern blot analysis revealed that psoralen inhibited HBV replication in Hep G2.2.15 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, psoralen was also active against the 3TC/ETV-dual-resistant HBV mutant. Further investigations revealed that psoralen suppressed both HBV RNA transcription and core protein expression. The transcription factor FOXO1, a known target for PGC1α co-activation, binds to HBV precore/core promoter enhancer II region and activates HBV RNA transcription. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that psoralen suppressed the expression of FOXO1, thereby decreasing the binding of FOXO1 co-activator PGC1αto the HBV promoter. Overall, our results demonstrate that psoralen suppresses HBV RNA transcription by downregulating the expression of FOXO1 resulting in a reduction of HBV replication.

Interface Hydrogen-bonded Core-Shell Nanofibers by Coaxial Electrospinning

Core-shell nanofibers were prepared by coaxial electrospinning technology,with poly（ethylene oxide）（PEO） as the core while poly（acrylic acid）（PAA） as the shell.PEO and PAA can form polymer complexes based on hydrogen bonding.In order to avoid forming strong hydrogen bonding complexes at nozzle and blocking spinning process,a polar aprotic solvent,N,N-dimethylformamide（DMF）,was selected to dissolve PEO and PAA respectively.SEM,TEM and DSC were utilized to characterize the morphology and structure of PEO-PAA core-shell nanofibers.FTIR spectra demonstrated that hydrogen bonding was formed at the core-shell interface.In addition,the PAA shell of the nanofibers can be cross-linked by ethylene glycol（EG） under heat treatment,which increases the stability and extends the potential applications in aqueous environment.

Emulsifier-free Emulsion Polymerized Poly(MMA-HEMA-Eu(AA)3Phen)/Fe3O4 Magnetic Fluorescent Bifunctional Nanospheres for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging

Integration of biocompatibility with superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and luminescence rare earth complexes Eu（AA）3Phen was carried out to form bifunctional nanospheres for using in bioimaging applications. The nanospheres Poly（MMA-HEMA-Eu（AA）3Phen）/Fe3O4 exhibit magnetic and fluorescent properties that are favorable for the use in drug delivery, magnetic separation and MR imaging for biomedical research. The TEM and SEM studies reveal that the bifunctional nanospheres have core-shell structure, in a spherical shape with a size ranging from 140 nm to 180 nm. In MRI experiments, a clear negative contrast enhancement in T2 images and the r2 reaches 568.82 （mmol·L^-1）^-1·s^-1. In vivo magnetic and fluorescence resonance imaging results suggest the nanospheres are able to preferentially accumulate in liver and spleen tissues to allow dual-modal detection of cancer cells in a living body.

Towards suppressing dielectric loss of GO/PVDF nanocomposites with TA-Fe coordination complexes as an interface layer

In this work, graphene oxide(GO) nanosheets with surface modification by Tannic and Fe coordination complexes(TA-Fe) were incorporated into poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) to prepare high constant but low loss polymer nanocomposites, and the effect of TA-Fe interlayer on dielectric properties of the GO@TA-Fe/PVDF nanocomposites was investigated. The results indicate that the dosage, mixing ratio, and reaction time of TA-Fe complexes have obvious influences on the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. Furthermore, the TA-Fe interlayer significantly influences the electrical properties of GO@TA-Fe nanoparticles and their PVDF composites, and the GO@TA-Fe/PVDF composites exhibit superior dielectric properties compared with raw GO/PVDF. Dielectric losses of the GO@TA-Fe/PVDF are significantly suppressed to a rather low level owing to the presence of TA-Fe layer, which serves as an interlayer between the GO sheets, thus preventing them from direct contacting with each other. Additionally, the dynamic dielectric relaxation of the GO/PVDF and GO@TA-Fe/PVDF nanocomposites was investigated in terms of temperature.

Heat conductive h-BN/CTPB/epoxy with enhanced dielectric properties for potential high-voltage applications

To enhance the toughness and electrical insulation properties of cured epoxy,carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene(CTPB)liquid rubber was used to modify epoxy in this study,and the thermal conductivity,mechanical and dielectric properties of modified epoxy were investigated.The results indicate that the CTPB-epoxy exhibits higher impact strength and lower dielectric constant and loss compared with pure epoxy.Further,hexagonal boron nitride(hBN)was used to reinforce epoxy modified with 20 phr CTPB.It is found that compared with the hBN/epoxy under the same filler loading,the heat conductive hBN/CTPB/epoxy possesses a lower dielectric permittivity and dissipation factor in all frequency ranging from 10^(2)–10^(7)Hz,a higher electrical resistivity and dielectric breakdown strength,and improved mechanical toughness.Therefore,the prepared hBN/CTPB/epoxy composites are potentially useful in practical electrical insulation applications.

RhoA/Rock activation represents a new mechanism for inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the aging-associated bone loss

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway appears to be particularly important for bone homeostasis,whereas nuclear accumulation ofβ-catenin requires the activation of Rac1,a member of the Rho small GTPase family.The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of RhoA/Rho kinase(Rock)-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the regulation of aging-associated bone loss.We find that Lrp5/6-dependent and Lrp5/6-independent RhoA/Rock activation by Wnt3a activates Jak1/2 to directly phosphorylate Gsk3βat Tyr216,resulting in Gsk3βactivation and subsequentβ-catenin destabilization.In line with these molecular events,RhoA loss-or gain-of-function in mouse embryonic limb bud ectoderms interacts genetically with Dkk1 gain-of-function to rescue the severe limb truncation phenotypes or to phenocopy the deletion ofβ-catenin,respectively.Likewise,RhoA loss-of-function in pre-osteoblasts robustly increases bone formation while gain-of-function decreases it.Importantly,high RhoA/Rock activity closely correlates with Jak and Gsk3βactivities but inversely correlates withβ-catenin signaling activity in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells from elderly male humans and mice,whereas systemic inhibition of Rock therefore activates theβ-catenin signaling to antagonize aging-associated bone loss.Taken together,these results identify RhoA/Rock-dependent Gsk3βactivation and subsequentβ-catenin destabilization as a hitherto uncharacterized mechanism controlling limb outgrowth and bone homeostasis.

ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS: APPROACHES AND APPLICATIONS

Complex network theory has been increasingly used in various research areas,including agroecosystems.This paper summarizes the basic concepts and approaches commonly used in complex network theory,and then reviews recent studies on the applications in agroecosystems of three types of common ecological networks,i.e.,food webs,pollination networks and microbial co-occurrence networks.In general,agricultural intensification is considered to be a key driver of the change of agroecosystems.It causes the simplification of landscape,leads to the loss of biocontrol through cascading effect in food webs,and also reduces the complexity and connectance of soil food webs.For pollination networks,agricultural intensification impaired the robustness by reducing specialization and enhancing generality.The microbial co-occurrence networks with high connectance and low modularity generally corresponded to high efficiency in utilization of nutrients,and high resistance to crop pathogens.This review aims to show the readers the advances of ecological networks in agroecosystems and inspire the researchers to conduct their studies in a new network perspective.