In the arid valley of the upper reaches of the Minjiang river,combined application tests of nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilizers were conducted to the 1-year-old seedlings of Pinus radiate to investigate the appropr...In the arid valley of the upper reaches of the Minjiang river,combined application tests of nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilizers were conducted to the 1-year-old seedlings of Pinus radiate to investigate the appropriate amount of fertilization,so as to provide bases of fertilization management of young P.radiate in the arid val-ley.Different combined application amounts of nitrogenous and phosphorus were studied based on the randomized blocks design.The results showed that in comparing 3 treatment groups with the control,the first and second treatments significantly increased the ground diameter and height of P.radiate,while the third treatment merely significantly increased the ground diameter.Under the conditions of this study,the recommended fertilization amount was 30 g of urea and 150 g of calcium superphosphate per plant for the one-year-old P.radiate.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Campylobacter is a significant foodborne pathogen that leads to global outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis(AGE)usually affecting less than 30 individuals.Human sapovirus(HuSaV)is ...What is already known about this topic?Campylobacter is a significant foodborne pathogen that leads to global outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis(AGE)usually affecting less than 30 individuals.Human sapovirus(HuSaV)is an enteric virus responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of AGE worldwide.In a study conducted in Beijing,HuSaV detection ranked second after norovirus.What is added by this report?We present a discussion of the first large-scale outbreak of AGE caused by both Campylobacter coli(C.coli)and HuSaV.The outbreak involved a total of 996 patients and exhibited two distinct peaks over a period of 17 days.Through case-control studies,we identified exposure to raw water from a secondary water supply system as a significant risk factor.Among 83 patients,49 samples tested positive for C.coli,39 samples tested positive for HuSaV,and 27 samples tested positive for both pathogens using real-time polymerase chain reaction detection.Furthermore,whole-genome sequencing of 17 C.coli isolates obtained from 17 patients revealed that all isolates belonged to a highly clonal strain of C.coli.What are the implications for public health practice?Outbreaks of AGE resulting from multiple pathogen infections warrant increased attention.This report emphasizes the significance of ensuring the safety of drinking water,particularly in secondary supply systems.展开更多
Intermedin/adrenomedullin-2(IMD/AM2), a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide/AM family,plays an important role in protecting the cardiovascular system. However, its role in the enhanced sympathoexcitation in ...Intermedin/adrenomedullin-2(IMD/AM2), a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide/AM family,plays an important role in protecting the cardiovascular system. However, its role in the enhanced sympathoexcitation in obesity-related hypertension is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of IMD in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) of the hypothalamus on sympathetic nerve activity(SNA), and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced sympathetic activation in obesity-related hypertensive(OH)rats induced by a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Acute experiments were performed under anesthesia. The dynamic alterations of sympathetic outflow were evaluated as changes in renal SNA and mean arterial pressure(MAP) in response to specific drugs. Male rats were fed a control diet(12% kcal as fat) or a high-fat diet(42% kcal as fat) for 12 weeks to induce OH. The results showed that IMD protein in the PVN was downregulated, but Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and plasma norepinephrine(NE, indicating sympathetic hyperactivity) levels, and systolic blood pressure were increased in OH rats. LPS(0.5 lg/50 nL)-induced enhancement of renal SNA and MAP was greater in OH rats than in obese or control rats. Bilateral PVN microinjection of IMD(50 pmol)caused greater decreases in renal SNA and MAP in OH rats than in control rats, and inhibited LPS-induced sympatheticactivation, and these were effectively prevented in OH rats by pretreatment with the AM receptor antagonist AM22-52.The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signalregulated kinase(ERK) inhibitor U0126 in the PVN partially reversed the LPS-induced enhancement of SNA. However,IMD in the PVN decreased the LPS-induced ERK activation,which was also effectively prevented by AM22-52. Chronic IMD administration resulted in significant reductions in the plasma NE level and blood pressure in OH rats. Moreover,IMD lowered the TLR4 protein expression and ERK activation in the PVN, and decreased the LPS-induced sympathetic overactivity. These results indicate that IMD in the PVN attenuates SNA and hypertension, and decreases the ERK activation implicated in the LPS-induced enhancement of SNA in OH rats, and this is mediated by AM receptors.展开更多
Background:Ophthalmic ambulatory surgery is preferred to be performed under general anesthesia either by total intravenous anesthesia(TIVA)or by inhalational anesthesia to increase the patient comfort.However,anesthes...Background:Ophthalmic ambulatory surgery is preferred to be performed under general anesthesia either by total intravenous anesthesia(TIVA)or by inhalational anesthesia to increase the patient comfort.However,anesthesia-controlled time(ACT)can cause increased non-operative operating room(OR)time which may adversely affect the ORs efficiency.This study was aimed to compare the ACT of desflurane with that of propofol-remifentanil in strabismus ambulatory surgery.Methods:From November 2016 to December 2017,a total of 200 strabismus patients(aged 18-60 years old,and scheduled for elective ambulatory surgery at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center)were randomly assigned to receive either propofol-based TIVA(group TIVA)or desflurane anesthesia(group DES)for maintenance of anesthesia.The primary outcome was the extubation time.Secondary outcomes included surgical time,anesthetic time,OR exit time,and Phase I and II recovery time.The intraoperative incidences of hypotension,bradycardia and oculocardiac reflex(OCR),and the incidences of any post-operative complications were recorded.Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were used to compare the two groups.Results:We found that the extubation time(5.5[3.9-7.0]vs.9.7[8.5-11.4]min,P<0.001)and the incidence of prolonged time to extubation(0 vs.6%,P=0.029)in the DES group were significantly decreased compared with those in the TIVA group.The patients in the DES group displayed shorter OR exit time as compared with that in the TIVA group(7.3[5.5-8.7]vs.10.8[9.3-12.3]min,P<0.001).The patients using desflurane exhibited more stable hemodynamics during surgery than the patients using propofol-based TIVA,as demonstrated by lower incidences of hypotension(1%vs.22%,P<0.001),bradycardia(2%vs.13%,P=0.002),and OCR(17%vs.44%,P<0.001).Conclusion:DES enhanced the ophthalmic OR efficiency by reducing the extubation time and OR exit time,and provided more stable hemodynamics intra-operatively than TIVA in patients undergoing strabismus ambulatory surgery.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,No.NCT02922660;https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02922660?id=NCT02922660&draw=2&rank=1.展开更多
基金Supported by the the Special Fund for Talent Development in Aba Prefecture
文摘In the arid valley of the upper reaches of the Minjiang river,combined application tests of nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilizers were conducted to the 1-year-old seedlings of Pinus radiate to investigate the appropriate amount of fertilization,so as to provide bases of fertilization management of young P.radiate in the arid val-ley.Different combined application amounts of nitrogenous and phosphorus were studied based on the randomized blocks design.The results showed that in comparing 3 treatment groups with the control,the first and second treatments significantly increased the ground diameter and height of P.radiate,while the third treatment merely significantly increased the ground diameter.Under the conditions of this study,the recommended fertilization amount was 30 g of urea and 150 g of calcium superphosphate per plant for the one-year-old P.radiate.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2301000).
文摘What is already known about this topic?Campylobacter is a significant foodborne pathogen that leads to global outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis(AGE)usually affecting less than 30 individuals.Human sapovirus(HuSaV)is an enteric virus responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of AGE worldwide.In a study conducted in Beijing,HuSaV detection ranked second after norovirus.What is added by this report?We present a discussion of the first large-scale outbreak of AGE caused by both Campylobacter coli(C.coli)and HuSaV.The outbreak involved a total of 996 patients and exhibited two distinct peaks over a period of 17 days.Through case-control studies,we identified exposure to raw water from a secondary water supply system as a significant risk factor.Among 83 patients,49 samples tested positive for C.coli,39 samples tested positive for HuSaV,and 27 samples tested positive for both pathogens using real-time polymerase chain reaction detection.Furthermore,whole-genome sequencing of 17 C.coli isolates obtained from 17 patients revealed that all isolates belonged to a highly clonal strain of C.coli.What are the implications for public health practice?Outbreaks of AGE resulting from multiple pathogen infections warrant increased attention.This report emphasizes the significance of ensuring the safety of drinking water,particularly in secondary supply systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81000106 and81470539)
文摘Intermedin/adrenomedullin-2(IMD/AM2), a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide/AM family,plays an important role in protecting the cardiovascular system. However, its role in the enhanced sympathoexcitation in obesity-related hypertension is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of IMD in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN) of the hypothalamus on sympathetic nerve activity(SNA), and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced sympathetic activation in obesity-related hypertensive(OH)rats induced by a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Acute experiments were performed under anesthesia. The dynamic alterations of sympathetic outflow were evaluated as changes in renal SNA and mean arterial pressure(MAP) in response to specific drugs. Male rats were fed a control diet(12% kcal as fat) or a high-fat diet(42% kcal as fat) for 12 weeks to induce OH. The results showed that IMD protein in the PVN was downregulated, but Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and plasma norepinephrine(NE, indicating sympathetic hyperactivity) levels, and systolic blood pressure were increased in OH rats. LPS(0.5 lg/50 nL)-induced enhancement of renal SNA and MAP was greater in OH rats than in obese or control rats. Bilateral PVN microinjection of IMD(50 pmol)caused greater decreases in renal SNA and MAP in OH rats than in control rats, and inhibited LPS-induced sympatheticactivation, and these were effectively prevented in OH rats by pretreatment with the AM receptor antagonist AM22-52.The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signalregulated kinase(ERK) inhibitor U0126 in the PVN partially reversed the LPS-induced enhancement of SNA. However,IMD in the PVN decreased the LPS-induced ERK activation,which was also effectively prevented by AM22-52. Chronic IMD administration resulted in significant reductions in the plasma NE level and blood pressure in OH rats. Moreover,IMD lowered the TLR4 protein expression and ERK activation in the PVN, and decreased the LPS-induced sympathetic overactivity. These results indicate that IMD in the PVN attenuates SNA and hypertension, and decreases the ERK activation implicated in the LPS-induced enhancement of SNA in OH rats, and this is mediated by AM receptors.
基金supported by a grant of Clinical Research Project of the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University(No.3030901010073).
文摘Background:Ophthalmic ambulatory surgery is preferred to be performed under general anesthesia either by total intravenous anesthesia(TIVA)or by inhalational anesthesia to increase the patient comfort.However,anesthesia-controlled time(ACT)can cause increased non-operative operating room(OR)time which may adversely affect the ORs efficiency.This study was aimed to compare the ACT of desflurane with that of propofol-remifentanil in strabismus ambulatory surgery.Methods:From November 2016 to December 2017,a total of 200 strabismus patients(aged 18-60 years old,and scheduled for elective ambulatory surgery at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center)were randomly assigned to receive either propofol-based TIVA(group TIVA)or desflurane anesthesia(group DES)for maintenance of anesthesia.The primary outcome was the extubation time.Secondary outcomes included surgical time,anesthetic time,OR exit time,and Phase I and II recovery time.The intraoperative incidences of hypotension,bradycardia and oculocardiac reflex(OCR),and the incidences of any post-operative complications were recorded.Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were used to compare the two groups.Results:We found that the extubation time(5.5[3.9-7.0]vs.9.7[8.5-11.4]min,P<0.001)and the incidence of prolonged time to extubation(0 vs.6%,P=0.029)in the DES group were significantly decreased compared with those in the TIVA group.The patients in the DES group displayed shorter OR exit time as compared with that in the TIVA group(7.3[5.5-8.7]vs.10.8[9.3-12.3]min,P<0.001).The patients using desflurane exhibited more stable hemodynamics during surgery than the patients using propofol-based TIVA,as demonstrated by lower incidences of hypotension(1%vs.22%,P<0.001),bradycardia(2%vs.13%,P=0.002),and OCR(17%vs.44%,P<0.001).Conclusion:DES enhanced the ophthalmic OR efficiency by reducing the extubation time and OR exit time,and provided more stable hemodynamics intra-operatively than TIVA in patients undergoing strabismus ambulatory surgery.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,No.NCT02922660;https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02922660?id=NCT02922660&draw=2&rank=1.
