金属有机框架/纳米酶复合SERS基底在生物医学分析领域的应用与展望

表面增强拉曼散射(Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)技术是基于分子振动指纹信息的分析方法,灵敏度高,选择好,可无损现场检测,加之水体系干扰小,在生物样本分析和医学早期诊断等领域有潜在的应用前景。纳米酶是人工模拟酶,与天然酶相比,易于批量制备、种类多样和环境稳定的优点。金属有机框架化合物(Metal-organic framework,MOF)便于设计和合成,具有介孔晶体结构,比表面积大,可固载其它纳米材料,提高稳定性。本综述关注纳米酶、MOF与SERS基底复合提高分析性能和稳定性,重点介绍了基于MOF/纳米酶/SERS技术平台在生物医药分析领域的应用现状与展望。

Charge-transfer-regulated bimetal ferrocene-based organic frameworks for promoting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

The ferrocene(Fc)-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are regarded as compelling platforms for the construction of efficient and robust oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts due to their superior conductivity and flexible electronic structure.Herein,density functional theory simulations were addressed to predict the electronic structure regulations of CoFc-MOF by nickel doping,which demonstrated that the well-proposed CoNiFc-MOFs delivered a small energy barrier,promoted conductivity,and well-regulated d-band center.Inspired by these,a series of sea-urchin-like CoNiFc-MOFs were successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal method.Moreover,the synchrotron X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements manifested that the introduction of nickel could tailor the electronic structure of the catalyst and induce the directional transfer of electrons,thus optimizing the rate-determining step of^(*)O→^(*)OOH during the OER process and yielding decent overpotentials of 209 and 252 mV at 10 and 200 mA cm^(−2),respectively,with a small Tafel slope of 39 mV dec^(−1).This work presents a new paradigm for developing highly efficient and durable MOF-based electrocatalysts for OER.

Serotonin enrichment of rice endosperm by metabolic engineering

In animals,serotonin is a neurotransmitter and mood regulator.In plants,serotonin functions in energy acquisition,tissue maintenance,delay of senescence,and response to biotic and abiotic stresses.In this study,we examined the effect of serotonin enrichment of rice endosperm on plant growth,endosperm development,and grain quality.To do so,TDCs and T5H were selected as targets for serotonin fortification.Overexpression of TDC1 or TDC3 increased serotonin accumulation relative to overexpression of T5H in rice grain.Transgenic lines of target genes driven by the Gt1 promoter showed better field performance than those driven by the Ubi promoter.Overexpression of T5H showed little effect on plant growth or grain physicochemical quality.In neuronal cell culture assays,serotonin induced neuroprotective action against apoptosis.Breeding of rice cultivars with high serotonin content may be beneficial for health and nutrition.

“国际茶日”的内涵及其传播路径研究

“国际茶日”是具有世界意义的茶文化节日,其形成是一个从无到有的过程。据查,历史上并无确切的“茶日”之记载。习近平主席“七次出访八说茶文化”对“国际茶日”的设定具有正向推动作用。“国际茶日”从无到有的创建过程,在某种程度上来说,就是茶及茶文化的普及过程。“国际茶日”的设定具有里程碑意义,是对茶产业、茶文化、茶研究等方面的认可与支持,将中国和世界通过“茶”这一载体再一次紧密相联。研究“国际茶日”传播应该有多种面向,可以将“国际茶日”与茶产业、茶文化、传媒媒介等有机融合,让“国际茶日”的传播研究更有发展空间。这或许是“国际茶日”传播研究的再出发,也是我辈茶学研究的再突破,更是全世界对茶文化的再认知。

某三甲肿瘤医院2013～2017年医院感染现患率调查分析

目的统计安徽省肿瘤医院感染发生情况,为更好地防控医院感染提供依据。方法按照全国医院感染监测网的要求,调查2013~2017年各年现患率,并对数据进行统计分析。结果 2013~2017年医院感染现患率分别为3.96%、3.24%、2.89%、3.83%及4.53%,5年间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。5年来,ICU是现患率最高的科室,下呼吸道是感染率最高部位。抗菌药物平均使用率为22.13%,治疗性用药率增加,预防性用药率降低(P <0.05)。分离出的病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌数最多,并以鲍曼不动杆菌的多重耐药率最高。年龄、呼吸机、动静脉置管、导尿管、手术是医院感染的相关危险因素(P <0.05)。结论现患率调查有助于了解医院感染实际情况,其结果提示应加强重点部门、重点人群的管理,关注下呼吸道感染,规范抗菌药物的合理使用,采取有效的预防措施,降低医院感染发生率。

Curative effect of BCG-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice

Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model group),Group B(dexamethasone treatment group),Group C(BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid treatment group) and Group D(control group) with 10 mice in each group.Atopic dermatitis model were constructed by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene on the skin of the mice.Mice in Group D were treated with acetone solution(100 μ L) on the foot pad and abdomen after hair removal at the age of 7 weeks.then on ear skin at the age of 8-13 weeks.For mice in A,B and C groups,100 μL of acetone solution containing 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was applied to the foot pad and the abdomen at the age of 7 weeks,then on ear skins at the age of8 to 13 weeks.At the age of 7-13 weeks,mice in Group A and Group D were treated with 100 μL saline(i.p.);mice were given dexamethasone(0.1 mL/kg,i.p.) every other day for 7 weeks in Group B;mice were treated with BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid(0.5 mg/kg,i.p.) every other day for7 weeks in Group C.The ear thickness was measured every week and the scratching frequency was recorded 1 times for 10 min a week.The mice were sacrificed after the last administration of drugs,IgE,IL-4,IL-10,IL-I2 and IFN- γ in the plasma were detected using ELISA,and RT-PCR method was employed to detect the concentrations of IL-4,IL-10,IL-12 and IFN- γ proteins.After IIK staining,the lesion degree of inflammation in ear tissue was observed microscopically.Results:The ear thickness and scratching frequency of Group A were significantly higher than those in group B,C and D(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between Group B and C(P>0.05);the concentrations of IgE,IL-4 and IL-10 in the plasma and the expression of IL-4,IL-10 mRNA in the spleen tissues of Group A,B and C were all significantly higher than those of Group D(P<0.05);the concentrations of plasma IL-12 and IFN- γ,and spleen protein expression of IL-12 and IFN- γ in Group C mice were significantly higher than those of Group A(P<0.05).Histological observation showed obvious ear tissue exudation,erythema,swelling,desquamation of skin,and scabbing in Group A.Histopathology of the skin lesion also showed hyperkeratosis,focal-parakeratosis,stratum spinosum hypertrophy,mild sponge-like edema,a large number of lymphocytes along with plasma cell infiltration in dermis,angiectasis and hyperemia in Group A,while degree of ear skin lesion in Group B and D mice was significandy lighter than that of Group A.Conclusions:BCC polysaccharide nucleic acid can significandy reduce the serum IgE concentrations,increase the expression of IL-12,IFN- γ protein,correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2 in atopic dermatitis mice,and has obvious inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.

Ulcerative colitis with inflammatory polyposis in a teenage boy:A case report

Ulcerative colitis in addition to inflammatory polyposis is common.The benign sequel of ulcerative colitis can sometimes mimic colorectal carcinoma.This report describes a rare case of inflammatory polyposis with hundreds of inflammatory polyps in ulcerative colitiswhich was not easy to distinguish from other polyposis syndromes.A 16-year-old Chinese male suffering from ulcerative colitis for 6 mo underwent colonoscopy,and hundreds of polyps were observed in the sigmoid,causing colonic stenosis.The polyps were restricted to the sigmoid.Although rectal inflammation was detected,no polyps were found in the rectum.A diagnosis of inflammatory polyposis and ulcerative colitis was made.The patient underwent total colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis.The patient recovered well and was discharged on postoperative day 8.Endoscopic surveillance after surgery is crucial as ulcerative colitis with polyposis is a risk factor for colorectal cancer.Recognition of polyposis requires clinical,endoscopic and histopathologic correlation,and helps with chemoprophylaxis of colorectal cancer,as the drugs used postoperatively for colorectal cancer,ulcerative colitis and polyposis are different.

基于反应体系的表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测乙基麦芽酚

以铁离子(Fe3+)为媒介,鞣酸还原氯金酸制备的金纳米粒子(Au NPs)作为表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底,实现比色-散射光谱双响应,快速鉴别食品中的乙基麦芽酚.其中比色法中,对乙基麦芽酚的检测限为0.50 mg·mL^-1.SERS检测中,利用Fe3+和乙基麦芽酚的络合作用,乙基麦芽酚的最低检测限降低到0.01 mg·mL^-1,线性范围为0.05~1.00 mg·mL^-1.该方法使用的仪器简单,操作方便,可对样品中的乙基麦芽酚进行现场直接测定.

Sedimentary geochemical proxies for methane seepage at Site C14 in the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern South China Sea

Recent studies have shown that specific geochemical characteristics of sediments can be used to reconstruct past methane seepage events.In this work,the correlation between the Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios of sediment samples is analyzed and the sulfate concentration profile in Site C14 from cold-seep sediments in the Qiongdongnan Basin in northern South China Sea is obtained.The results confirmed that,sulfate at 0–247 cm below sea floor(Unit I)is mainly consumed by organic matter sulfate reduction(OSR),while sulfate at 247–655 cm(UnitⅡ)is consumed by both the OSR and the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM).In addition,the bottom sediment layer is affected by weak methane seepage.The Mo and U enrichment factors also exhibit similar trends in their respective depth profiles.The responses of trace elements,including Co/Al,Ni/Al,Cr/Al and Zn/Al ratios to methane seepage allowed the study of depositional conditions and methane seepage events.Based on the results,it is speculated that the depositional conditions of UnitⅡchanged with depth from moderate conditions of sulfidic and oxic conditions to locally anoxic conditions,and finally to suboxic conditions due to methane fluid leakage.The stable isotope values of chromium-reducible sulfide produced by AOM and those of sulfide formed by OSR in the early diagenetic environment suffered serious depletion of 34S.This was probably due to weak methane leakage,which caused the slower upward diffusion and the effect of early diagenesis on the samples.It is necessary to consider the effects of depositional environments and diagenesis on these geochemical parameters.

A multi-channel chemical sensor and its application in detecting hydrothermal vents

There are well-established chemical and turbidity anomalies in the plumes occurring vicinity of hydrothermal vents, which are used to indicate their existence and locations. We here develop a small, accurate multi-channel chemical sensor to detect such anomalies which can be used in deep-sea at depths of more than 4 000 m. The design allowed five all-solid-state electrodes to be mounted on it and each (apart from one reference electrode) could be changed according to chemicals to be measured. Two experiments were conducted using the chemical sensors. The first was a shallow-sea trial which included sample measurements and in situ monitoring. pH, Eh, CO3^2- and SO4^2- electrodes were utilized to demonstrate that the chemical sensor was accurate and stable outside the laboratory. In the second experiment, the chemical sensor was integrated with pH, Eh, CO3^2- and H2S electrodes, and was used in 29 scans of the seabed along the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) to detect hydrothermal vents, from which 27 sets of valid data were obtained. Hydrothermal vents were identified by analyzing the chemical anomalies, the primary judging criteria were decreasing voltages of Eh and H2S, matched by increasing voltages of pH and CO3^2- . We proposed that simultaneous detection of changes in these parameters will indicate a hydrothermal vent. Amongst the 27 valid sets of data, five potential hydrothermal vents were targeted using the proposed method. We suggest that our sensors could be widely employed by marine scientists.

Two Cases of Tuberculous Meningitis after Cesarean Section

This article revealed two valuable case reports about two young females suffered tuberculous meningitis after cesarean section.After antituberculous therapy,the condition of one patient improved and the other one became deteriorated.

High-Capacity Transport Associated with Pre- and Post-Haulage in Intermodal Road-Rail Transport

This paper develops a model for analyzing the potential of longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs) related to pre- and post-haulage in the intermodal rail-road transport chain (IRT). The paper considers the combined economic and emission costs among three different transport networks including intermodal rail-road transport with current Swedish regulatory framework for trucks, intermodal rail-road transport with LHVs, and direct-road transport. The objective is to analyse the potential of high-capacity transport associated with pre- and post-haulage for enhancing the competitiveness of intermodal transport from a full-costs perspective. The model developed is applied to a Swedish context and case study. Research findings reveal that the break-even of the IRT compared to the direct road transport could be significantly lowered, which suggests the LHVs contribute to exploring the market of IRT over smaller flows.

Defining the biosynthesis of ketocarotenoids in Chromochloris zofingiensis

Carotenoids are important pigments in photosynthetic organisms where they play essential roles in photoreception and photoprotection.Chromochloris zofingiensis is a unicellular green alga that is able to accumulate high amounts of ketocarotenoids including astaxanthin,canthaxanthin and ketolutein when growing heterotrophically or mixotrophically with glucose as a carbon source.Here we elucidate the ketocarotenoid biosynthesis pathway in C.zofingiensis by analyzing five algal mutants.The mutants were shown to have a single nucleotide insertion or substitution in β-carotene ketolase(BKT) gene 1,which resulted in a lack of ketocarotenoid production in Cz-bktl-1,and decreased ketocarote noid co ntent in the other four mutants.These mutants accumulated much higher amounts of non-ketocarotenoids(β-carotene,zeaxanthin and lutein).Interestingly,the Cz-bktl-5 mutant synthesized 2-fold the ketolutein and only 1/30 of the canthaxanthin and astaxanthin as its parent strain,suggesting that the mutated BKT1 exhibits much higher activity in catalyzing lutein to ketolutein but lower activity in ketolating β-carotene and zeaxanthin.Mutant and WT BKT2 gene sequences did not differ.Taken together,we conclude that BKT1 is the key gene involved in ketocarotenoid biosynthesis in C.zofingiensis.Our study provides insight into the biosynthesis of ketocarotenoids in green algae.Furthermore,Cz-bktl mutants may serve as a natural source for the production of zeaxanthin,lutein,and β-carotene.

Effect of different pruning operations on the plant growth,phytohormones and transcriptome profiles of the following spring tea shoots

Pruning as an important agronomic operation plays a crucial role in the regulation of tea plant growth,development and dry tea quality.The effects of different pruning operations on the plant growth,phytohormones and transcriptome profiles of the following spring tea shoots were studied.Pruning-treated samples had generally increased median of the weight of 100 buds(two leaves and one bud,15.5−20.5 g)and longer stem diameter(1.7−1.8 mm)whereas shorter shoot length(34.6−59.2 mm)at the stage of two leaves and one bud,compared with unpruned samples(14.0 g,1.7 mm,87.4 mm),among which heavy pruning in mid April and early May greatly accelerated the development of the following spring tea shoots.The levels of phytohormones(auxin,gibberellin 1,gibberellin 3,and trans-zeatin)were significantly increased in the spring buds of tea plants heavily pruned in May.The KEGG result indicated that the pathways of plant–pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction and circadian rhythm were regulated by different pruning treatments.Heavy pruning in April or May,without autumn pruning was suitable for producing premium green tea due to the early development and the higher weight of 100 buds.This study provides scientific guidance to regulate the growth of the following spring tea shoots using plant pruning operations.

In-situ measurement of the dissolved S^(2-) in seafloor diffuse flow system: sensor preparation and calibration

The preparation approach and calibration result of an improved type of ion selective electrode (ISE), which is used to measure the total dissolved S2-, are introduced in this paper. The improved Ag/Ag2S electrode uses silver wire as the substrate, which is surrounded by electric polymer containing superfine silver powder. After the stabilization of the epoxy-resin, Ag2S layer was formed by chemical reaction with 0.2 mol/L (NH4)2S solution for 5 min. With Ag/AgCl as reference electrode, the Ag/Ag2S electrode can be used to measure dissolved S2-. The correlation between the measured potentials and the logarithm of dissolved S2-is found to be linear, within range of the concentration of dissolved S2-from 10-2～10-7 mol/L. The slope of the regression line between measured potential and logarithm of dissolved S2-is about-27.7, which agrees well with the theoretical Nernst value-29.6. Furthermore, the performance of the improved Ag/Ag2S electrode, such as the response time, sensitivity and stability, greatly outweighs the conventional Ag/Ag2S electrode.

Studies on photodynamic mechanism of a novel chlorine derivative(TDPC)and its antitumor effect forphotodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)represents a promising method for treatment of cancerous tumors.The chemical and physical properties of used photosensitizer(PS)play key roles in the treat ment efficacy.In this study,a novel PS,5,10,15,20-tetrais((5-dipropylamino)pentyl)-chlorin(TDPC)which displayed a characteristic long wavelength absorption peak at 650 nm were synthesized.It also shows a singlet oxygen generation rate of 4.257 min^(-1).Generally,TDPC is localized in mitochondria and nucleus of cell.After light irradiation with 650 nm laser,it can kill many types of cell,in addition,TDPC-PDT can destroy ECA-109 tunor in nude mice and a necrotic scab was formed eventually.The expression levels of many genes which regulated cell growth and apoptosis were determined by RT-PCR following TDPC-PDT.The results showed that it either increased or decreased,among which,the expression level of TNFSF13,a member of tumor necrosis factor superfamily,increased signifcantly.In general,TDPC is an elective antitumor PS in vitro and in vito and is worthy of further study as a new drug candidate.TNFSF13 will be an important molecular target for the discovery of new PSs.

非后仰平卧位视频喉镜插管效果的影响因素分析

目的分析视频喉镜用于非后仰平卧位气管插管的影响因素,探索提高气道管理质量的方法。方法选取2017年6月—2018年3月在遵义医科大学附属医院择期全身麻醉下行腹部手术的患者200例,记录可能影响气管插管成功与否、插管时间、术后声音嘶哑的因素,包括患者年龄、身高、体重、气管导管角度及操作者工作年限等一般资料;记录颏甲距离等解剖参数;记录插管时间、手术麻醉时间等手术信息。使用Logistic回归模型分析首次插管失败及术后声音嘶哑发生的影响因素,并以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线计算气管导管的临界角度。结果插管失败组与插管成功组导管角度、颏甲距离及后仰下颌成角比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。插管时间<30 s组体重、BMI较插管时间≥30 s组低(P <0.05)。发生声音嘶哑组与未发生声音嘶哑组身高、导管角度比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,颏甲距离[OR=1.588,(95%CI:1.080,2.336)]、导管角度[OR=1.097,(95%CI:1.048,1.148)]是首次尝试气管插管失败的影响因素。导管角度[OR=0.916,(95%CI:0.873,0.961)]是气管插管术后声音嘶哑的影响因素。ROC曲线分析显示,导管角度<78.55°会增加首次插管失败风险;导管角度>84.10°会增加术后声音嘶哑风险。结论在视频喉镜用于非后仰平卧位气管插管中,气管导管角度同时影响插管成功率及术后声音嘶哑发生率;其作为术前可控因素,可能存在潜在最适的气管插管塑性角度。

4,5-二氨基-2-硫脲嘧啶膜氯化钠溶液中对铜缓蚀性能的研究（英文）

通过自组装方法将4,5-二氨基-2-硫脲嘧啶(MPD)分子吸附在铜(Cu)表面,应用电化学极化、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和拉曼光谱方法,研究其在质量分数为3.5%的氯化钠(NaCl)溶液中的缓蚀能力.在最佳装配条件下,MPD膜的最大缓蚀效率达到98.1%.拉曼光谱研究表明:MPD分子通过N_9-H_(10)和S_7-H_8吸附在Cu表面上.

基于pH响应的防腐蚀智能涂层的构建

研究了一种新型pH响应纳米容器,采用“一锅法”合成了氨基化介孔二氧化硅(SiO_(2))棒状纳米粒子,并将苯并三唑(BTA)嵌入其中.通过装有纳米粒子的环氧树脂涂覆Q235碳钢基板来评估涂层的防腐蚀效果.电化学阻抗谱显示:与对照组相比,负载BTA的氨基化介孔SiO_(2)的涂层具有明显的长效防腐蚀行为.

功能化多壁碳纳米管增强涂层用于金属保护

通过多巴胺自发氧化聚合形成包裹的多壁碳纳米管(PDA@FMWCNT).利用聚多巴胺(PDA)的易附着能力,在铜(Cu)表面构造了基于PDA@FMWCNT的复合材料薄膜.利用拉曼(Raman)光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子光谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的结构进行了表征.利用电动位极化和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)法评价了PDA@FMWCNT在盐溶液中对金属的腐蚀保护性能.结果表明,PDA@FMWCNT复合涂层具有良好的防腐蚀性,并详细描述了其保护机理.