Ocular decompression retinopathy after phacoemulsification in a patient with primary acute angleclosure glaucoma undergoing chemotherapy

Dear Editor,Ocular decompression retinopathy(ODR),which manifests as diffuse retinal hemorrhage occurring abruptly in multiple locations,including the subretinal,intraretinal,and preretinal spaces,is a rare complication after glaucoma surgery and is caused by sudden,iatrogenic lowering of intraocular pressure(IOP).Implicated procedures include glaucoma drainage implantation,trabeculectomy,iridotomy,and even cataract surgery[1].One report described a case of ocular decompression management following uncomplicated cataract surgery with no posterior capsular rupture or other intraoperative complications[2].Here,we report a rare case of ODR triggered by phacoemulsification and the use of systemic chemotherapeutic drugs in a patient with primary acute angleclosure glaucoma(PACG).The case not only improves our understanding of potential side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on ophthalmic surgery but may also serve as a reference for clinicians in the management of patients with glaucoma with similar medical histories.

Effects of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide on lung function, inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin levels in children with asthma

Objective: To investigate the effects of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide on pulmonary function, inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin in children with asthma. Methods: A total of 100 children with asthma treated in our hospital from May 2013 to November 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. In the control group, budesonide inhalation therapy was given. On the basis of the control group, montelukast sodium treatment was given, pulmonary function, inflammatory factors and immunoglobulin levels in the two groups before and after treatment were measured. Results:Compared with before treatment, the levels of FEV1%, FEF50%, FEF25% and PEF% in the two groups were significantly increased, those in the observation group were higher than in control group;compared with before treatment, IL-10 levels were significantly increased, TNF-α and IL-8 levels were significantly decreased in the two groups after treatment, moreover those in the observation group IL-10 levels were significantly higher than the control group, TNF-α and IL-8 were significantly lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant;Compared with before treatment, IgA and IgM levels were significantly increased in both groups after treatment, IgE levels were significantly decreased, and IgA and IgM levels in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group, IgE levels were significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically. Conclusion: Montelukast sodium combined with budesonide can effectively reduce the inflammation level of children with asthma, improve lung function, enhance immunity, the effect is significant, it is worth further clinical application.

PagERF81 regulates lignin biosynthesis and xylem cell differentiation in poplar

Lignin is a major component of plant cell walls and is essential for plant growth and development. Lignin biosynthesis is controlled by a hierarchical regulatory network involving multiple transcription factors. In this study, we showed that the gene encoding an APETALA 2/ethylene-responsive element binding factor(AP2/ERF) transcription factor, PagERF81,from poplar 84 K(Populus alba × P. glandulosa) is highly expressed in expanding secondary xylem cells. Two independent homozygous Pagerf81 mutant lines created by gene editing, produced significantly more but smaller vessel cells and longer fiber cells with more lignin in cell walls, while PagERF81 overexpression lines had less lignin,compared to non-transgenic controls. Transcriptome and reverse transcription quantitative PCR data revealed that multiple lignin biosynthesis genes including Cinnamoyl CoA reductase 1(PagCCR1),Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 6(PagCAD6), and 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase-like 9(Pag4CLL9) were upregulated in Pagerf81 mutants, but down-regulated in PagERF81 overexpression lines. In addition, a transient transactivation assay revealed that PagERF81 repressed the transcription of these three genes.Furthermore, yeast one hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that PagERF81 directly bound to a GCC sequence in the PagCCR1 promoter. No known vessel or fiber cell differentiation related genes were differentially expressed, so the smaller vessel cells and longer fiber cells observed in the Pagerf81 lines might be caused by abnormal lignin deposition in the secondary cell walls. This study provides insight into the regulation of lignin biosynthesis, and a molecular tool to engineer wood with high lignin content, which would contribute to the lignin-related chemical industry and carbon sequestration.

A Case of Podocytic Infolding Glomerulopathy with Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

To the Editor:Podocytic infolding glomerulopathy (PIG)was proposed as a new disease entity in 2008,[1] and great attention has been paid to PIG because of the rare pathological changes to glomeruli associated with it.PIG is characterized by specific changes to the thickened glomerular basement membrane (GBM), including microspheres,microtubular structures,and podocytic infolding.However,the clinical features and pathogenesis of PIG still remain unclear.To elucidate the characteristics of this glomerulopathy,accumulating more information from reported cases is necessary.Herein,we present a case of glomerulopathy showing podocytic infolding in association with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS)and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Microstructure and Properties of 7075Al Alloy Fabricated by Directly Combined of Spray Forming and Continuous Extrusion Forming under Different Atomization Gas Pressures

A new process consisting of the spray forming and the continuous extrusion forming for manufacturing 7075A1 alloy was proposed. The microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and the resistance to stress corrosion cracking of the alloy were studied. The results indicate that the spray forming process induces obviously grain refinement and greatly lower segregation microstructure. Besides, the Conform process produces finer grains and conduces to more uniform distribution of the precipitates of A1Cu and MgZn2 phases. The fabricated alloy shows good comprehensive mechanical properties and superb performance of stress corrosion resistance. Moreover, a better combination of the mechanical properties and the resistance to stress corrosion cracking could then be obtained under a certain condition of atomization gas pressure of 0.19 MPa. The enhanced properties are attributed to the following factors, which include the grain refinement, the fine and homogeneous distribution of A1Cu and MgZn2 phases, the high density of the extruded products, as well as the discontinuous distribution of the grain boundaries after retrogression and reaging （RRA） heat treatment.

The role of senescence-associated gene101 (PagSAG101a) in the regulation of secondary xylem formation in poplar

Wood is produced by the accumulation of secondary xylem via proliferation and differentiation of the cambium cells in woody plants. Identifying the regulators involved in this process remains a challenging task. In this study, we isolated Pag SAG101 a,the homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana SAG101, from a hybrid poplar(Populus alba × Populus glandulosa)clone 84 K and investigated its role in secondary xylem development. Pag SAG101 a was expressed predominantly in lignified stems and localized in thenucleus. Compared with non-transgenic 84 K plants,transgenic plants overexpressing Pag SAG101 a displayed increased plant height, internode number,stem diameter, xylem width, and secondary cell wall thickness, while opposite phenotypes were observed for Pag SAG101 a knock-out plants.Transcriptome analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes were enriched for those controlling cambium cell division activity and subsequent secondary cell wall deposition during xylem formation.In addition, the tandem CCCH zinc finger protein Pag C3 H17, which positively regulates secondary xylem width and secondary wall thickening in poplar, could bind to the promoter of Pag SAG101 a and mediate the regulation of xylem differentiation.Our results support that Pag SAG101 a, downstream of Pag C3 H17, functions in wood development.