BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen that causes nosocomial meningitis. However,MDRAB-associated nosocomial meningitis is rarely reported in c...BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen that causes nosocomial meningitis. However,MDRAB-associated nosocomial meningitis is rarely reported in children.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 1-year-old girl with a choroid plexus papilloma, who developed postoperative nosocomial meningitis due to MDRAB. The bacterial strain was sensitive only to tigecycline and colistin, and showed varying degrees of resistance to penicillin, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefotaxime,ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem, imipenem, and tobramycin.She was cured with intravenous doxycycline and intraventricular gentamicin treatment.CONCLUSION Doxycycline and gentamicin were shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of a pediatric case of MDRAB meningitis.展开更多
Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children an...Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children and adolescents.The infection occurs endemically with an epidemic peak every few years.The worldwide incidence confirmed by direct test methods was reported to be 8.61%between 2017 and 2020 across all age groups[1].展开更多
Background Herpangina is a common infectious disease in childhood caused by an enterovirus.This consensus is aiming to standardize and improve herpangina prevention and clinical diagnosis.Methods The Subspecialty Grou...Background Herpangina is a common infectious disease in childhood caused by an enterovirus.This consensus is aiming to standardize and improve herpangina prevention and clinical diagnosis.Methods The Subspecialty Group of Infectious Diseases,the Society of Pediatric,Chinese Medical Association and Nation Medical Quality Control Center for Infectious Diseases gathered 20 experts to develop the consensus,who are specialized in diagnosis and treatment of herpangina.Results The main pathogenic serotypes of herpangina include Coxsackievirus-A,Enterovirus-A and Echovirus.Its diagnosis can be rendered on the basis of history of epidemiology,typical symptoms,characteristic pharyngeal damage and virological tests.The treatment is mainly symptomatic,and incorporates topical oral spray with antiviral drugs.The course of herpangina generally lasts 4-6 days with a good prognosis.Conclusion The consensus could provide advices and references for the diagnosis,treatment and management of herpangina in children.展开更多
Background Interferon alpha(IFN-α)is a preferred therapy for antiviral treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)aged>1 year currently.Peginterferon alpha-2a(Peg-IFNα-2a)is a recommended international gu...Background Interferon alpha(IFN-α)is a preferred therapy for antiviral treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)aged>1 year currently.Peginterferon alpha-2a(Peg-IFNα-2a)is a recommended international guideline for treatment of CHB children,which is limited to children aged>3 years.But the exact efficacy and safety of IFN-αand Peg-IFNα-2a for treating CHB are not sufficient.Methods Clinical manifestations,baseline characteristics,related laboratory tests and adverse events were retrospectively analyzed in children with CHB,who visited Children's Hospital of Fudan University and were treated with IFNα-2b or Peg-IFNα-2a monotherapy and followed up from January 2003 to October 2018.Results A total of 36 immune-active patients without advanced fibrosis were enrolled to be treated with IFNα-2b(group A,n=18)or Peg-IFNα-2a(group B,n=18).IFNα-2b or Peg-IFNα-2a was administered for a median of 48 weeks subcu-taneously by body surface area(BSA)category at a dose of 3 MU/m2 or 104μg/m2,respectively.HBV e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion rates at 48 weeks post-treatment were higher in group A than group B(92.9%vs.87.5%),so as the rates of HBsAg clearance(22.2%vs.11.1%),and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DNA<1000 IU/mL(88.9%vs.83.3%).Only mild flu-like symptoms and transient neutropenia appeared in some children at the early stage of treatment.No severe abnormal results was observed in other laboratory assessments.Conclusion The antiviral monotherapy of 48-week IFNα-2b or Peg-IFNα-2a in children with CHB is well tolerated and effective,which is associated with higher rates of HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg clearance than in adults and previ-ously pediatric patients.展开更多
基金Supported by The Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.12PJ1401500
文摘BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDRAB) has emerged as an increasingly important pathogen that causes nosocomial meningitis. However,MDRAB-associated nosocomial meningitis is rarely reported in children.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 1-year-old girl with a choroid plexus papilloma, who developed postoperative nosocomial meningitis due to MDRAB. The bacterial strain was sensitive only to tigecycline and colistin, and showed varying degrees of resistance to penicillin, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefotaxime,ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, meropenem, imipenem, and tobramycin.She was cured with intravenous doxycycline and intraventricular gentamicin treatment.CONCLUSION Doxycycline and gentamicin were shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of a pediatric case of MDRAB meningitis.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21511104502)Shanghai Hospital Development Center(No.SHDC22022221).
文摘Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae),primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when infected individuals cough or sneeze,is a common cause of communityacquired pneumonia,especially among school-age children and adolescents.The infection occurs endemically with an epidemic peak every few years.The worldwide incidence confirmed by direct test methods was reported to be 8.61%between 2017 and 2020 across all age groups[1].
文摘Background Herpangina is a common infectious disease in childhood caused by an enterovirus.This consensus is aiming to standardize and improve herpangina prevention and clinical diagnosis.Methods The Subspecialty Group of Infectious Diseases,the Society of Pediatric,Chinese Medical Association and Nation Medical Quality Control Center for Infectious Diseases gathered 20 experts to develop the consensus,who are specialized in diagnosis and treatment of herpangina.Results The main pathogenic serotypes of herpangina include Coxsackievirus-A,Enterovirus-A and Echovirus.Its diagnosis can be rendered on the basis of history of epidemiology,typical symptoms,characteristic pharyngeal damage and virological tests.The treatment is mainly symptomatic,and incorporates topical oral spray with antiviral drugs.The course of herpangina generally lasts 4-6 days with a good prognosis.Conclusion The consensus could provide advices and references for the diagnosis,treatment and management of herpangina in children.
文摘Background Interferon alpha(IFN-α)is a preferred therapy for antiviral treatment of children with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)aged>1 year currently.Peginterferon alpha-2a(Peg-IFNα-2a)is a recommended international guideline for treatment of CHB children,which is limited to children aged>3 years.But the exact efficacy and safety of IFN-αand Peg-IFNα-2a for treating CHB are not sufficient.Methods Clinical manifestations,baseline characteristics,related laboratory tests and adverse events were retrospectively analyzed in children with CHB,who visited Children's Hospital of Fudan University and were treated with IFNα-2b or Peg-IFNα-2a monotherapy and followed up from January 2003 to October 2018.Results A total of 36 immune-active patients without advanced fibrosis were enrolled to be treated with IFNα-2b(group A,n=18)or Peg-IFNα-2a(group B,n=18).IFNα-2b or Peg-IFNα-2a was administered for a median of 48 weeks subcu-taneously by body surface area(BSA)category at a dose of 3 MU/m2 or 104μg/m2,respectively.HBV e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion rates at 48 weeks post-treatment were higher in group A than group B(92.9%vs.87.5%),so as the rates of HBsAg clearance(22.2%vs.11.1%),and hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DNA<1000 IU/mL(88.9%vs.83.3%).Only mild flu-like symptoms and transient neutropenia appeared in some children at the early stage of treatment.No severe abnormal results was observed in other laboratory assessments.Conclusion The antiviral monotherapy of 48-week IFNα-2b or Peg-IFNα-2a in children with CHB is well tolerated and effective,which is associated with higher rates of HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg clearance than in adults and previ-ously pediatric patients.
