Background:Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease with many chronic complications,and cognitive disorders are one of the common complications in patients with diabetes.Previous studies have showed that autophag...Background:Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease with many chronic complications,and cognitive disorders are one of the common complications in patients with diabetes.Previous studies have showed that autophagy played important roles in the progression of metabolic syndrome,diabetes and other diseases.So we investigated whether aged diabetic mice are prone to be associated with the cognitive and affective disorders and whether Beclin-1-mediated autophagy might be involved in thepahological process.Methods:High-fat diet/streptozotocin(STZ)injection-induced diabetic C57 mice were adopted in this study.Cognitive disorders were detected by Morris water maze and fear conditional test.Affective disorders were detected by tail suspension test and forced swimming test.Magnetic resonance imaging was applied to observe changes of morphology and metabolism in the brain.The 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET)was used to assess metabolism changes in the brain of aged diabetic mice.Autophagy were evaluated by Beclin-1,LC3II/I and P62,which were detected by western blot analysis and observed by electron microscopy.Results:1.Compared with control group,diabetes mice showed significantly decreasing abilities in spatial memory and conditioned fear memory(all P<0.05),and increasing tendency of depression(P<0.05).2.MRI showed that the majority of elderly diabetic mice were associated with multiple cerebral small vessel disease.Some even showed hippocampal atrophy,ventricular dilatation and leukoaraiosis.3.FDG-PET-CT discovered that the glucose metabolism in the amygdala and hippocampus was significantly decreased compared with normal aged mice(P<0.05).4.Electron microscopy found that,although autophagy bodies was not widespread,and there was no significant difference between the two groups,yet compared with normal aged mice,apparent cell edema,myelinated tow reduction and intracellular lipofuscin augmentation existed in elderly diabetic mice brain.5.The level of p62 was increased in the STZ-induced diabetic mice hippocampus and striatum,and beclin1 protein expression were significantly decreased in diabetic mice hippocampus compared with normal aged mice(P<0.05).There was a upward trend of the ratio of LC3II/I in hippocampus,cortex and striatum,but no statistically difference between the two groups.Conclusion:Compared with normal aged mice,diabetic aged mice were apt to cerebral small vessel disease and associated with cognitive and affective disorders,which may be related to the significantly reduced glucose metabolism in hippocampus and amygdala.Beclin1 mediated autophagy in hippocampus probably played an important role in cognitive and affective disorders of STZ-induced aged diabetic mice.展开更多
A male,62 years old,suffering from alopecia universalis,was treated with acupuncture.The treating principle was promoting qi and blood circulation.The selected acupoints included Bǎihui(百会GV20),Tàiyáng(太...A male,62 years old,suffering from alopecia universalis,was treated with acupuncture.The treating principle was promoting qi and blood circulation.The selected acupoints included Bǎihui(百会GV20),Tàiyáng(太阳EX-HN5),Fengmen(风门BL12),Xīnshū(心俞BL15),Ganshū(肝俞BL18),Shenshū(肾俞BL23),etc.After treated for 3 months,the hair was grown normally and the hair on the scalp got black obviously.In the follow-up for 2 months,the hair on the body and scalp grew in good condition.展开更多
To the Editor:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)are a group of gram-positive bacteria that cause a wide range of diseases in children.[1]Surveillance of MRSA is particularly important since certain clon...To the Editor:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)are a group of gram-positive bacteria that cause a wide range of diseases in children.[1]Surveillance of MRSA is particularly important since certain clones have spread over wide geographical regions.The MRSA clones that have spread in North China over the past decade include ST59-SCCmecIVa-t437,ST59-SCCmecV-t437,and ST239-SCCmecIII-t030.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Scientific Foundation,China(81170322,81571361,U1632120)Shanghai Natural Scientific Foundation,China(11ZR1405300)Shanghai Municipal Outstanding Talent Development Foundation(2012052).
文摘Background:Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease with many chronic complications,and cognitive disorders are one of the common complications in patients with diabetes.Previous studies have showed that autophagy played important roles in the progression of metabolic syndrome,diabetes and other diseases.So we investigated whether aged diabetic mice are prone to be associated with the cognitive and affective disorders and whether Beclin-1-mediated autophagy might be involved in thepahological process.Methods:High-fat diet/streptozotocin(STZ)injection-induced diabetic C57 mice were adopted in this study.Cognitive disorders were detected by Morris water maze and fear conditional test.Affective disorders were detected by tail suspension test and forced swimming test.Magnetic resonance imaging was applied to observe changes of morphology and metabolism in the brain.The 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography(FDG-PET)was used to assess metabolism changes in the brain of aged diabetic mice.Autophagy were evaluated by Beclin-1,LC3II/I and P62,which were detected by western blot analysis and observed by electron microscopy.Results:1.Compared with control group,diabetes mice showed significantly decreasing abilities in spatial memory and conditioned fear memory(all P<0.05),and increasing tendency of depression(P<0.05).2.MRI showed that the majority of elderly diabetic mice were associated with multiple cerebral small vessel disease.Some even showed hippocampal atrophy,ventricular dilatation and leukoaraiosis.3.FDG-PET-CT discovered that the glucose metabolism in the amygdala and hippocampus was significantly decreased compared with normal aged mice(P<0.05).4.Electron microscopy found that,although autophagy bodies was not widespread,and there was no significant difference between the two groups,yet compared with normal aged mice,apparent cell edema,myelinated tow reduction and intracellular lipofuscin augmentation existed in elderly diabetic mice brain.5.The level of p62 was increased in the STZ-induced diabetic mice hippocampus and striatum,and beclin1 protein expression were significantly decreased in diabetic mice hippocampus compared with normal aged mice(P<0.05).There was a upward trend of the ratio of LC3II/I in hippocampus,cortex and striatum,but no statistically difference between the two groups.Conclusion:Compared with normal aged mice,diabetic aged mice were apt to cerebral small vessel disease and associated with cognitive and affective disorders,which may be related to the significantly reduced glucose metabolism in hippocampus and amygdala.Beclin1 mediated autophagy in hippocampus probably played an important role in cognitive and affective disorders of STZ-induced aged diabetic mice.
基金Supported by Dongguirong National Famous and Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio Support Project:YY.016.02.01tInternational Standard’formulation of Standardized Manipulations of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:2019YFC1712204Hospital-level Project of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:KY111.30.130。
文摘A male,62 years old,suffering from alopecia universalis,was treated with acupuncture.The treating principle was promoting qi and blood circulation.The selected acupoints included Bǎihui(百会GV20),Tàiyáng(太阳EX-HN5),Fengmen(风门BL12),Xīnshū(心俞BL15),Ganshū(肝俞BL18),Shenshū(肾俞BL23),etc.After treated for 3 months,the hair was grown normally and the hair on the scalp got black obviously.In the follow-up for 2 months,the hair on the body and scalp grew in good condition.
基金This study was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81571948)and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7172075).
文摘To the Editor:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)are a group of gram-positive bacteria that cause a wide range of diseases in children.[1]Surveillance of MRSA is particularly important since certain clones have spread over wide geographical regions.The MRSA clones that have spread in North China over the past decade include ST59-SCCmecIVa-t437,ST59-SCCmecV-t437,and ST239-SCCmecIII-t030.
