A series of biobased heterogeneous solid Br?nsted acid catalysts with perfect spherical microstructures are successfully fabricated directly from waste Camellia oleifera shells by a simple hydrothermal carbonization-a...A series of biobased heterogeneous solid Br?nsted acid catalysts with perfect spherical microstructures are successfully fabricated directly from waste Camellia oleifera shells by a simple hydrothermal carbonization-annealing-sulfonation process. 350℃ low temperature annealing process helps to increase the activity of the catalyst due to the simultaneous maintenance of the spherical microstructure and aromatic carbon framework. As a renewable catalyst with low cost, the as-prepared materials are successfully applied on the synthesis of green renewable liquid biofuel 5-ethoxymethylfurfural(EMF) directly from fructose. In the catalytic test, the influences of reaction time and temperature, fructose concentration, and adding amount of the catalyst on the yield of EMF are investigated systematically. As a result, the optimal reaction temperature is 100℃, the EMF yield monotonically increases with prolonging the reaction time from 3 to 24 h, the optimal fructose concentration is0.5 mmol, and the EMF yield gradually increases with increasing the adding amount of the catalyst from 50 to 150 mg. In addition, the asprepared catalysts exhibit considerably high stability in the current EMF synthesis system, and they can maintain a similar level of reactivity after four catalytic cycles.展开更多
Regenerative medicine(RM)is one of the most promising disciplines for advancements in modern medicine,and regenerative ophthalmology(RO)is one of the most active fields of regenerative medicine.This review aims to pro...Regenerative medicine(RM)is one of the most promising disciplines for advancements in modern medicine,and regenerative ophthalmology(RO)is one of the most active fields of regenerative medicine.This review aims to provide an overview of regenerative ophthalmology,including the range of tools and materials being used,and to describe its application in ophthalmologic subspecialties,with the exception of surgical implantation of artificial tissues or organs(e.g.,contact lens,artificial cornea,intraocular lens,artificial retina,and bionic eyes)due to space limitations.In addition,current challenges and limitations of regenerative ophthalmology are discussed and future directions are highlighted.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51568049, 21665018, 51468043, 21366024)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (20161BAB206118, 20171ACB21035)+1 种基金Distinguished Youth Science Fund of Jiangxi Province, China (20162BCB23043)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education, China (GJJ14515)
文摘A series of biobased heterogeneous solid Br?nsted acid catalysts with perfect spherical microstructures are successfully fabricated directly from waste Camellia oleifera shells by a simple hydrothermal carbonization-annealing-sulfonation process. 350℃ low temperature annealing process helps to increase the activity of the catalyst due to the simultaneous maintenance of the spherical microstructure and aromatic carbon framework. As a renewable catalyst with low cost, the as-prepared materials are successfully applied on the synthesis of green renewable liquid biofuel 5-ethoxymethylfurfural(EMF) directly from fructose. In the catalytic test, the influences of reaction time and temperature, fructose concentration, and adding amount of the catalyst on the yield of EMF are investigated systematically. As a result, the optimal reaction temperature is 100℃, the EMF yield monotonically increases with prolonging the reaction time from 3 to 24 h, the optimal fructose concentration is0.5 mmol, and the EMF yield gradually increases with increasing the adding amount of the catalyst from 50 to 150 mg. In addition, the asprepared catalysts exhibit considerably high stability in the current EMF synthesis system, and they can maintain a similar level of reactivity after four catalytic cycles.
基金Supported by a grant from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA16040201).
文摘Regenerative medicine(RM)is one of the most promising disciplines for advancements in modern medicine,and regenerative ophthalmology(RO)is one of the most active fields of regenerative medicine.This review aims to provide an overview of regenerative ophthalmology,including the range of tools and materials being used,and to describe its application in ophthalmologic subspecialties,with the exception of surgical implantation of artificial tissues or organs(e.g.,contact lens,artificial cornea,intraocular lens,artificial retina,and bionic eyes)due to space limitations.In addition,current challenges and limitations of regenerative ophthalmology are discussed and future directions are highlighted.
