Drought-resistant plants exhibit strong water retention capability.In this regard,the autotetraploid sour jujube leaves exhibit better water retention than diploid leaves.Morphological comparisons and physiological co...Drought-resistant plants exhibit strong water retention capability.In this regard,the autotetraploid sour jujube leaves exhibit better water retention than diploid leaves.Morphological comparisons and physiological comparisons of diploid and autotetraploid leaves showed that the autotetraploid leaves had thicker leaf cuticles and more leaf wax accumulation than the diploid leaves,which could reduce cuticle permeability and improve the drought tolerance of leaves.In this study,the cuticular wax crystalloids on the adaxial and abaxial sides of young and mature jujube leaves were observed in the two ploidy types,and unique cuticular wax crystalloids covering a large area of the cuticle on autotetraploid sour jujube leaves may provide an advantage in reducing leaf non-stomata transpiration and improving plant drought tolerance.Based on the transcriptome,115 differentially expressed genes between diploids and autotetraploids were further analyzed and found to be involved in the accumulation of cuticular wax components,including terpenoids,fatty acids,and lipids,as well as ABC transporter and wax biosynthetic process.Finally,14 genes differentially expressed between glossy autotetraploid leaves and nonglossy diploid leaves,such as LOC107414787,LOC107411574 and LOC107413721,were screened as candidate genes by qRT-PCR analysis.This findings provided insights into how polyploidization improved drought tolerance.展开更多
The addition of biochar(BC)or Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)alone has been reported to promote plant growth,while their synergistic effects on Allium schoenoprasum root morphology and rhizosphere fungal community i...The addition of biochar(BC)or Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)alone has been reported to promote plant growth,while their synergistic effects on Allium schoenoprasum root morphology and rhizosphere fungal community in barren soil is still unclear.In this study,we investigated the effects of BC and AMF(Funneliformis mosseae)on plant growth and root morphology in barren soil and revealed the structure of soil fungal communities Therefore,a greenhouse pot trial consisting of five treatments was enforced.The results showed that the combination of biochar and AMF significantly improved plant biomass,nutrient uptake,mycorrhizal colonization rates and soil properties and significantly impacted rhizosphere fungal community composition and structure.Biochar significantly increased the fungal community stability and enhanced their positive correlation with plants.Our findings indicated that the combination of AMF and biochar play synergic role for plant growth and rhizosphere fungal community in barren soil.展开更多
CBF/DREB proteins play a critical role in abiotic stress-mediated gene expression and represent attractive regulons for plant breeding programs.However,no study has been conducted for CBF/DREB protein-related genes in...CBF/DREB proteins play a critical role in abiotic stress-mediated gene expression and represent attractive regulons for plant breeding programs.However,no study has been conducted for CBF/DREB protein-related genes in jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.).In this study,twenty-five ZjDREB genes were identified and annotated from the jujube(Z.jujuba‘Dongzao’)genome.Detailed analysis,including gene classification,annotation,phylogenetic evaluation,conserved motif determination and expression profiling were performed on all genes.Phylogenetic analysis showed that ZjDREB proteins were divided into five subgroups(A1–A5),but lacking a subgroup A6 corresponding to AtDREBs.The ZjDREB genes were distributed in nine of twelve chromosomes in the genome.Additionally,the expression patterns of the DREB genes under different abiotic stresses were investigated using q RT-PCR.Nineteen ZjDREB genes were down-regulated under low temperature,in contrast six ZjDREB genes(01,03,05,11,23 and 24)were up-regulated.Under drought,salinity and high temperature conditions,expression of ZjDREB03,09,10,14,15,17 and 20 genes were induced and showed similar expression patterns,suggesting that various stress conditions share common elements in the signaling pathway.The results suggest that the family of DREB genes play an important role in abiotic stresses in jujube,and provide a foundation for further functional studies of this important class of transcriptional regulators.展开更多
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)provide essential nutrients to crops and are affected by fertilizers.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB),nitrogen-fixing bacteria(NFB),and AMF have mutually beneficial relationships w...Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)provide essential nutrients to crops and are affected by fertilizers.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB),nitrogen-fixing bacteria(NFB),and AMF have mutually beneficial relationships with plants,but the effects of their interactions on plant growth by regulating rhizosphere fungal community have not been sufficiently studied.In this study,a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the interactions between AMF and bacteria(PSB and NFB)on the growth of Lotus corniculatus L.Specifically,the role of rhizosphere fungal community in the growth of Lotus corniculatus L.was explored using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that combined inoculation of AMF with PSB and NFB increased plant biomass,plant height,and fungal colonization rate.The richness,complexity,and stability of rhizosphere fungal community also increased after combined inoculation of AMF with PSB and/or NFB,particularly with PSB.In addition,combined inoculation of AMF with PSB and NFB enriched the abundance of beneficial microorganisms,with Chaetomium and Humicola showing the greatest alterations.The structural equation model showed that the interactions of AMF with PSB and NFB promoted plant growth by affecting fungal network structure and soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus cycling.These findings provide evidence for the effects of interactions of AMF with PSB and NFB on rhizosphere fungal community and plant growth.展开更多
In this paper,both nonlinear saturable absorption and two-photon absorption(TPA) of few-layer molybdenum diselenide(MoSe2) were observed at 1.56 μm wavelength and further applied to mode-locked ultrafast fiber la...In this paper,both nonlinear saturable absorption and two-photon absorption(TPA) of few-layer molybdenum diselenide(MoSe2) were observed at 1.56 μm wavelength and further applied to mode-locked ultrafast fiber laser for the first time to our knowledge.Few-layer MoSe2 nanosheets were prepared by liquid-phase exfoliation method and characterized by x ray diffractometer,Raman spectroscopy,and atomic force microscopy.The obtained fewlayer MoSe2 dispersion is further composited with a polymer material for convenient fabrication of MoSe2 thin films.Then,we investigated the nonlinear optical(NLO) absorption property of the few-layer MoSe2 film using a balanced twin-detector measurement technique.Both the saturable absorption and TPA effects of the few-layer MoSe2 film were found by increasing the input optical intensity.The saturable absorption shows a modulation depth of 0.63% and a low nonsaturable loss of 3.5%,corresponding to the relative modulation depth of 18%.The TPA effect occurred when the input optical intensity exceeds 260 MW∕cm2.Furthermore,we experimentally exploit the saturable absorption of few-layer MoSe2 film to mode lock an all-fiber erbium-doped fiber laser.Stable soliton mode locking at 1558 nm center wavelength is achieved with pulse duration of 1.45 ps.It was also observed that the TPA process suppresses the mode-locking operation in the case of higher optical intensity.Our results indicate that layered MoSe2,as another two-dimensional nanomaterial,can provide excellent NLO properties(e.g.,saturable absorption and TPA) for potential applications in ultrashort pulse generation and optical limiting.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2021JD02)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD1000607)。
文摘Drought-resistant plants exhibit strong water retention capability.In this regard,the autotetraploid sour jujube leaves exhibit better water retention than diploid leaves.Morphological comparisons and physiological comparisons of diploid and autotetraploid leaves showed that the autotetraploid leaves had thicker leaf cuticles and more leaf wax accumulation than the diploid leaves,which could reduce cuticle permeability and improve the drought tolerance of leaves.In this study,the cuticular wax crystalloids on the adaxial and abaxial sides of young and mature jujube leaves were observed in the two ploidy types,and unique cuticular wax crystalloids covering a large area of the cuticle on autotetraploid sour jujube leaves may provide an advantage in reducing leaf non-stomata transpiration and improving plant drought tolerance.Based on the transcriptome,115 differentially expressed genes between diploids and autotetraploids were further analyzed and found to be involved in the accumulation of cuticular wax components,including terpenoids,fatty acids,and lipids,as well as ABC transporter and wax biosynthetic process.Finally,14 genes differentially expressed between glossy autotetraploid leaves and nonglossy diploid leaves,such as LOC107414787,LOC107411574 and LOC107413721,were screened as candidate genes by qRT-PCR analysis.This findings provided insights into how polyploidization improved drought tolerance.
基金the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province(Grant No.202204c06020021)Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U21A20235 and 32201308).
文摘The addition of biochar(BC)or Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)alone has been reported to promote plant growth,while their synergistic effects on Allium schoenoprasum root morphology and rhizosphere fungal community in barren soil is still unclear.In this study,we investigated the effects of BC and AMF(Funneliformis mosseae)on plant growth and root morphology in barren soil and revealed the structure of soil fungal communities Therefore,a greenhouse pot trial consisting of five treatments was enforced.The results showed that the combination of biochar and AMF significantly improved plant biomass,nutrient uptake,mycorrhizal colonization rates and soil properties and significantly impacted rhizosphere fungal community composition and structure.Biochar significantly increased the fungal community stability and enhanced their positive correlation with plants.Our findings indicated that the combination of AMF and biochar play synergic role for plant growth and rhizosphere fungal community in barren soil.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31372019)Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China)Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China(kf2017015)the Beijing Municipal Education Commission(CEFF-PXM2017_014207_000043)
文摘CBF/DREB proteins play a critical role in abiotic stress-mediated gene expression and represent attractive regulons for plant breeding programs.However,no study has been conducted for CBF/DREB protein-related genes in jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.).In this study,twenty-five ZjDREB genes were identified and annotated from the jujube(Z.jujuba‘Dongzao’)genome.Detailed analysis,including gene classification,annotation,phylogenetic evaluation,conserved motif determination and expression profiling were performed on all genes.Phylogenetic analysis showed that ZjDREB proteins were divided into five subgroups(A1–A5),but lacking a subgroup A6 corresponding to AtDREBs.The ZjDREB genes were distributed in nine of twelve chromosomes in the genome.Additionally,the expression patterns of the DREB genes under different abiotic stresses were investigated using q RT-PCR.Nineteen ZjDREB genes were down-regulated under low temperature,in contrast six ZjDREB genes(01,03,05,11,23 and 24)were up-regulated.Under drought,salinity and high temperature conditions,expression of ZjDREB03,09,10,14,15,17 and 20 genes were induced and showed similar expression patterns,suggesting that various stress conditions share common elements in the signaling pathway.The results suggest that the family of DREB genes play an important role in abiotic stresses in jujube,and provide a foundation for further functional studies of this important class of transcriptional regulators.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province,China(No.202204c06020021)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20235 and 32201308)。
文摘Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)provide essential nutrients to crops and are affected by fertilizers.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB),nitrogen-fixing bacteria(NFB),and AMF have mutually beneficial relationships with plants,but the effects of their interactions on plant growth by regulating rhizosphere fungal community have not been sufficiently studied.In this study,a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the interactions between AMF and bacteria(PSB and NFB)on the growth of Lotus corniculatus L.Specifically,the role of rhizosphere fungal community in the growth of Lotus corniculatus L.was explored using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that combined inoculation of AMF with PSB and NFB increased plant biomass,plant height,and fungal colonization rate.The richness,complexity,and stability of rhizosphere fungal community also increased after combined inoculation of AMF with PSB and/or NFB,particularly with PSB.In addition,combined inoculation of AMF with PSB and NFB enriched the abundance of beneficial microorganisms,with Chaetomium and Humicola showing the greatest alterations.The structural equation model showed that the interactions of AMF with PSB and NFB promoted plant growth by affecting fungal network structure and soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus cycling.These findings provide evidence for the effects of interactions of AMF with PSB and NFB on rhizosphere fungal community and plant growth.
基金supported partially by the National Science Foundation of China (61475129,61177044,61107038,and 61275050)the Project for Undergraduates’ Innovation and Undertaking in Xiamen University (0630ZX11A1)
文摘In this paper,both nonlinear saturable absorption and two-photon absorption(TPA) of few-layer molybdenum diselenide(MoSe2) were observed at 1.56 μm wavelength and further applied to mode-locked ultrafast fiber laser for the first time to our knowledge.Few-layer MoSe2 nanosheets were prepared by liquid-phase exfoliation method and characterized by x ray diffractometer,Raman spectroscopy,and atomic force microscopy.The obtained fewlayer MoSe2 dispersion is further composited with a polymer material for convenient fabrication of MoSe2 thin films.Then,we investigated the nonlinear optical(NLO) absorption property of the few-layer MoSe2 film using a balanced twin-detector measurement technique.Both the saturable absorption and TPA effects of the few-layer MoSe2 film were found by increasing the input optical intensity.The saturable absorption shows a modulation depth of 0.63% and a low nonsaturable loss of 3.5%,corresponding to the relative modulation depth of 18%.The TPA effect occurred when the input optical intensity exceeds 260 MW∕cm2.Furthermore,we experimentally exploit the saturable absorption of few-layer MoSe2 film to mode lock an all-fiber erbium-doped fiber laser.Stable soliton mode locking at 1558 nm center wavelength is achieved with pulse duration of 1.45 ps.It was also observed that the TPA process suppresses the mode-locking operation in the case of higher optical intensity.Our results indicate that layered MoSe2,as another two-dimensional nanomaterial,can provide excellent NLO properties(e.g.,saturable absorption and TPA) for potential applications in ultrashort pulse generation and optical limiting.