With the deepening of human research on deep space exploration,our research on the soft landing methods of landers has gradually deepened.Adding a buffer and energy-absorbing structure to the leg structure of the land...With the deepening of human research on deep space exploration,our research on the soft landing methods of landers has gradually deepened.Adding a buffer and energy-absorbing structure to the leg structure of the lander has become an effective design solution.Based on the energy-absorbing structure of the leg of the interstellar lander,this paper studies the appearance characteristics of the predatory feet of the Odontodactylus scyllarus.The predatory feet of the Odontodactylus scyllarus can not only hit the prey highly when preying,but also can easily withstand the huge counter-impact force.The predatory feet structure of the Odontodactylus scyllarus,like a symmetrical cone,shows excellent rigidity and energy absorption capacity.Inspired by this discovery,we used SLM technology to design and manufacture two nickel-titanium samples,which respectively show high elasticity,shape memory,and get better energy absorption capacity.This research provides an effective way to design and manufacture high-mechanical energy-absorbing buffer structures using bionic 3D printing technology and nickel-titanium alloys.展开更多
We achieve laser wavelength conversion in an optomagnonical whispering gallery cavity by adjusting the strength of the applied static magnetic field. Numerical simulations are carried out on a yttrium iron garnet(YIG)...We achieve laser wavelength conversion in an optomagnonical whispering gallery cavity by adjusting the strength of the applied static magnetic field. Numerical simulations are carried out on a yttrium iron garnet(YIG) sphere under different cavity quality factors or coupling strength. It is found that a high cavity quality factor will not always mean a high cavity excitation field for Gaussian lasers with finite linewidth. On state of the art, the high cavity quality factor will always mean the higher lightwave conversion rate. In addition, we also find that increasing the mode coupling strength is beneficial to the conversion of the laser. Our study provides new insights into generation of highly precise tunable coherent light.展开更多
Studies of the associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter(PM) and risk of adverse effects on fetal growth are inconsistent and inconclusive. This question can be well answered by carefully designed b...Studies of the associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter(PM) and risk of adverse effects on fetal growth are inconsistent and inconclusive. This question can be well answered by carefully designed birth cohort studies; however, so far the evidence from such studies has not come to the same conclusion. We sought to evaluate the association between maternal exposures to PM and low birthweight(LBW) enrolling 14 studies from 11 centers,and to explore the influence of trimester and exposure assessment methods on between-center heterogeneity in this association. Data were derived from PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, CNKI, and WanFang database, references from relevant articles, and results from published studies until March 2017. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we combined the coefficient and odds ratios(OR) of individual studies conducted among 14 birth cohort studies.Random-effect meta-analysis results suggested that a 17% and 6% increase in risk of LBW was relevant to a 10 μg/m^3 rise in PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) exposure concentrations at the 3 rd trimester(pooled odds ratios(OR), 1.17 and 1.06; 95%confidence interval(CI), 0.94-1.46 and 0.97-1.15, respectively), but the null value was included in our 95% CI. Our results showed that exposure to PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) during pregnancy has a positive relevance to LBW based on birth cohort studies. However, neither reached formal statistical significance. Negative impacts on outcomes of birth is implied by maternal exposure to PM. Further mechanistic researches are needed to explain the connection between PM pollution and LBW.展开更多
Advanced multispectral detection technologies have emerged as a significant threat to objects,necessitating the use of multiband camouflage.However,achieving effective camouflage and thermal management across the enti...Advanced multispectral detection technologies have emerged as a significant threat to objects,necessitating the use of multiband camouflage.However,achieving effective camouflage and thermal management across the entire infrared spectrum,especially the short-wave infrared(SWIR)band,remains challenging.This paper proposes a multilayer wavelength-selective emitter that achieves effective camouflage across the entire infrared spectrum,including the near-infrared(NIR),SWIR,mid-wave infrared(MWIR),and long-wave infrared(LWIR)bands,as well as the visible(VIS)band.Furthermore,the emitter enables radiative heat dissipation in two non-atmospheric windows(2.5-3μm and 5-8μm).The emitter’s properties are characterized by low emittance of 0.270/0.042/0.218 in the SWIR/MWIR/LWIR bands,and low reflectance of 0.129/0.281 in the VIS/NIR bands.Moreover,the high emittance of 0.742/0.473 in the two non-atmospheric windows ensures efficient radiative heat dissipation,which results in a temperature decrement of 14.4℃ compared to the Cr reference at 2000Wm^(−2) input power density.This work highlights the role of solar radiance in camouflage,and provides a comprehensive guideline for developing multiband camouflage compatible with radiative heat dissipation,from the visible to LWIR.展开更多
Night-time warming is vital for human production and daily life.Conventional methods like active heaters are energy-intensive,while passive insulating films possess restrictions regarding space consumption and the lac...Night-time warming is vital for human production and daily life.Conventional methods like active heaters are energy-intensive,while passive insulating films possess restrictions regarding space consumption and the lack of heat gain.In this work,a nanophotonic-based night-time warming strategy that passively inhibits thermal radiation of objects while actively harnessing that of atmosphere is proposed.By using a photonic-engineered thin film that exhibits high reflectivity(~0.91)in the atmospheric transparent band(8-14μm)and high absorptivity(~0.7)in the atmospheric radiative band(5-8 and 14-16μm),temperature rise of 2.1℃/4.4℃compared to typical low-e film and broadband absorber is achieved.Moreover,net heat loss as low as 9Wm-2 is experimentally observed,compared to 16 and 39Wm-2 for low-e film and broadband absorber,respectively.This strategy suggests an innovative way for sustainable warming,thus contributes to addressing the challenges of climate change and promoting global carbon neutrality.展开更多
Active temperature control devices are widely used for the thermal management of enclosures,including vehicles and buildings.Passive radiative cooling has been extensively studied;however,its integration with existing...Active temperature control devices are widely used for the thermal management of enclosures,including vehicles and buildings.Passive radiative cooling has been extensively studied;however,its integration with existing actively temperature regulated and decorative enclosures has slipped out of the research at status quo.Here,we present a photonic-engineered dual-side thermal management strategy for reducing the active power consumption of the existing temperature-regulated enclosure without sacrificing its aesthetics.By coating the exterior and interior of the enclosure roof with two visible-transparent films with distinctive wavelength-selectivity,simultaneous control over the energy exchange among the enclosure with the hot sun,the cold outer space,the atmosphere,and the active cooler can be implemented.A power-saving of up to 63%for active coolers of the enclosure is experimentally demonstrated by measuring the heat flux compared to the ordinary enclosure when the set temperature is around 26℃.This photonic-engineered dual-side thermal management strategy offers facile integration with the existing enclosures and represents a new paradigm toward carbon neutrality.展开更多
Photothermal therapy has been intensively investigated for treating cancer in recent years.However,the long-term therapeutic outcome remains unsatisfying due to the frequently occurred metastasis and recurrence.To add...Photothermal therapy has been intensively investigated for treating cancer in recent years.However,the long-term therapeutic outcome remains unsatisfying due to the frequently occurred metastasis and recurrence.To address this challenge,immunotherapy has been combined with photothermal therapy to activate anti-tumor immunity and relieve the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumor sites.Here,we engineered silica-based core-shell nanoparticles(JQ-1@PSNs-R),in which silica cores were coated with the photothermal agent polydopamine,and a bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) inhibitor JQ-1 was loaded in the polydopamine layer to combine photo thermal and immune therapy for tumor elimination.Importantly,to improve the therapeutic effect,we increased the surface roughness of the nanoparticles by hydrofluoric acid(HF) etching during the fabrication process,and found that the internalization of JQ-1@PSNs-R was significantly improved,leading to a strengthened photothermal killing effect as well as the increased intracellular delivery of JQ-1.In the animal studies,the multifunctional nanoparticles with rough surfaces effectively eradicated melanoma via photothermal therapy,successfully activated tumor-specific immune responses against residual tumor cells,and further prevented tumor metastasis and recurrence.Our results indicated that JQ-1@PSNs-R could serve as an innovative and effective strategy for combined cancer therapy.展开更多
Each specific structure of organisms is the best choice under specific circumstances.The excellent characteristic structures of these organisms have great application potential in the design and multi-functional optim...Each specific structure of organisms is the best choice under specific circumstances.The excellent characteristic structures of these organisms have great application potential in the design and multi-functional optimization of energy-absorbing structures such as vehicle collisions,satellite landings,and military equipment.In this paper,using the principle of structural bionics,using the advantages of the honeycomb structure and the light weight and high strength of beetle elytra,four bionic lattice structures are studied:CH,ZPRH,SCH and IBE.Using NiTi shape memory alloy,a unique material as the base material,samples are prepared using selective laser melting(SLM)technology.By comparing the test results of the quasi-static compression test with the results of the numerical simulation,it is found that compared with the other three bionic lattice structures,the SCH structure has the best energy absorption effect in the effective stroke in the test,and the specific energy absorption can reach 6.32 J/g.ZPRH,SCH,and IBE structures not only have good and stable deformation behavior,but also have excellent impact resistance and shape memory properties.The design of these structures provides a reference for the design of anti-shock cushioning structures with self-recovery functions in the future.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0138500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51975246)+2 种基金Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province of China(Grant No.20220101192JC)Capital Construction Fund Plan within the Budget of Jilin Province of China(Grant No.2023C041-4)Chongqing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0225).
文摘With the deepening of human research on deep space exploration,our research on the soft landing methods of landers has gradually deepened.Adding a buffer and energy-absorbing structure to the leg structure of the lander has become an effective design solution.Based on the energy-absorbing structure of the leg of the interstellar lander,this paper studies the appearance characteristics of the predatory feet of the Odontodactylus scyllarus.The predatory feet of the Odontodactylus scyllarus can not only hit the prey highly when preying,but also can easily withstand the huge counter-impact force.The predatory feet structure of the Odontodactylus scyllarus,like a symmetrical cone,shows excellent rigidity and energy absorption capacity.Inspired by this discovery,we used SLM technology to design and manufacture two nickel-titanium samples,which respectively show high elasticity,shape memory,and get better energy absorption capacity.This research provides an effective way to design and manufacture high-mechanical energy-absorbing buffer structures using bionic 3D printing technology and nickel-titanium alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62101057)。
文摘We achieve laser wavelength conversion in an optomagnonical whispering gallery cavity by adjusting the strength of the applied static magnetic field. Numerical simulations are carried out on a yttrium iron garnet(YIG) sphere under different cavity quality factors or coupling strength. It is found that a high cavity quality factor will not always mean a high cavity excitation field for Gaussian lasers with finite linewidth. On state of the art, the high cavity quality factor will always mean the higher lightwave conversion rate. In addition, we also find that increasing the mode coupling strength is beneficial to the conversion of the laser. Our study provides new insights into generation of highly precise tunable coherent light.
文摘Studies of the associations between maternal exposure to particulate matter(PM) and risk of adverse effects on fetal growth are inconsistent and inconclusive. This question can be well answered by carefully designed birth cohort studies; however, so far the evidence from such studies has not come to the same conclusion. We sought to evaluate the association between maternal exposures to PM and low birthweight(LBW) enrolling 14 studies from 11 centers,and to explore the influence of trimester and exposure assessment methods on between-center heterogeneity in this association. Data were derived from PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, CNKI, and WanFang database, references from relevant articles, and results from published studies until March 2017. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we combined the coefficient and odds ratios(OR) of individual studies conducted among 14 birth cohort studies.Random-effect meta-analysis results suggested that a 17% and 6% increase in risk of LBW was relevant to a 10 μg/m^3 rise in PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) exposure concentrations at the 3 rd trimester(pooled odds ratios(OR), 1.17 and 1.06; 95%confidence interval(CI), 0.94-1.46 and 0.97-1.15, respectively), but the null value was included in our 95% CI. Our results showed that exposure to PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) during pregnancy has a positive relevance to LBW based on birth cohort studies. However, neither reached formal statistical significance. Negative impacts on outcomes of birth is implied by maternal exposure to PM. Further mechanistic researches are needed to explain the connection between PM pollution and LBW.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61975181).The authors thank Liying Chen from the State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation,Zhejiang University for help in the FTIR experiments.
文摘Advanced multispectral detection technologies have emerged as a significant threat to objects,necessitating the use of multiband camouflage.However,achieving effective camouflage and thermal management across the entire infrared spectrum,especially the short-wave infrared(SWIR)band,remains challenging.This paper proposes a multilayer wavelength-selective emitter that achieves effective camouflage across the entire infrared spectrum,including the near-infrared(NIR),SWIR,mid-wave infrared(MWIR),and long-wave infrared(LWIR)bands,as well as the visible(VIS)band.Furthermore,the emitter enables radiative heat dissipation in two non-atmospheric windows(2.5-3μm and 5-8μm).The emitter’s properties are characterized by low emittance of 0.270/0.042/0.218 in the SWIR/MWIR/LWIR bands,and low reflectance of 0.129/0.281 in the VIS/NIR bands.Moreover,the high emittance of 0.742/0.473 in the two non-atmospheric windows ensures efficient radiative heat dissipation,which results in a temperature decrement of 14.4℃ compared to the Cr reference at 2000Wm^(−2) input power density.This work highlights the role of solar radiance in camouflage,and provides a comprehensive guideline for developing multiband camouflage compatible with radiative heat dissipation,from the visible to LWIR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61975181).
文摘Night-time warming is vital for human production and daily life.Conventional methods like active heaters are energy-intensive,while passive insulating films possess restrictions regarding space consumption and the lack of heat gain.In this work,a nanophotonic-based night-time warming strategy that passively inhibits thermal radiation of objects while actively harnessing that of atmosphere is proposed.By using a photonic-engineered thin film that exhibits high reflectivity(~0.91)in the atmospheric transparent band(8-14μm)and high absorptivity(~0.7)in the atmospheric radiative band(5-8 and 14-16μm),temperature rise of 2.1℃/4.4℃compared to typical low-e film and broadband absorber is achieved.Moreover,net heat loss as low as 9Wm-2 is experimentally observed,compared to 16 and 39Wm-2 for low-e film and broadband absorber,respectively.This strategy suggests an innovative way for sustainable warming,thus contributes to addressing the challenges of climate change and promoting global carbon neutrality.
基金This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0205700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61975181).
文摘Active temperature control devices are widely used for the thermal management of enclosures,including vehicles and buildings.Passive radiative cooling has been extensively studied;however,its integration with existing actively temperature regulated and decorative enclosures has slipped out of the research at status quo.Here,we present a photonic-engineered dual-side thermal management strategy for reducing the active power consumption of the existing temperature-regulated enclosure without sacrificing its aesthetics.By coating the exterior and interior of the enclosure roof with two visible-transparent films with distinctive wavelength-selectivity,simultaneous control over the energy exchange among the enclosure with the hot sun,the cold outer space,the atmosphere,and the active cooler can be implemented.A power-saving of up to 63%for active coolers of the enclosure is experimentally demonstrated by measuring the heat flux compared to the ordinary enclosure when the set temperature is around 26℃.This photonic-engineered dual-side thermal management strategy offers facile integration with the existing enclosures and represents a new paradigm toward carbon neutrality.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81925036 & 81872814)the Science & Technology Major Project of Sichuan Province (No.2018SZDZX0018,China)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (No.2020YFS0570,China)111 project (No.b18035,China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China)。
文摘Photothermal therapy has been intensively investigated for treating cancer in recent years.However,the long-term therapeutic outcome remains unsatisfying due to the frequently occurred metastasis and recurrence.To address this challenge,immunotherapy has been combined with photothermal therapy to activate anti-tumor immunity and relieve the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumor sites.Here,we engineered silica-based core-shell nanoparticles(JQ-1@PSNs-R),in which silica cores were coated with the photothermal agent polydopamine,and a bromodomain-containing protein 4(BRD4) inhibitor JQ-1 was loaded in the polydopamine layer to combine photo thermal and immune therapy for tumor elimination.Importantly,to improve the therapeutic effect,we increased the surface roughness of the nanoparticles by hydrofluoric acid(HF) etching during the fabrication process,and found that the internalization of JQ-1@PSNs-R was significantly improved,leading to a strengthened photothermal killing effect as well as the increased intracellular delivery of JQ-1.In the animal studies,the multifunctional nanoparticles with rough surfaces effectively eradicated melanoma via photothermal therapy,successfully activated tumor-specific immune responses against residual tumor cells,and further prevented tumor metastasis and recurrence.Our results indicated that JQ-1@PSNs-R could serve as an innovative and effective strategy for combined cancer therapy.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1105100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975246)+5 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan(No.YDZJ202101ZYTS134)State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control—ziyoutansuoxiangmu(202013)Open Project Program of Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing,Ministry of Education,Changchun University of Science and Technology(CMNM-KF202109)Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(No.2019TD-34)Interdisciplinary Research Fund for Doctoral Postgraduates of Jilin University(No.101832020DJX052)Interdisciplinary Cultivation Project for Young Teachers and Students(No.415010300078)。
文摘Each specific structure of organisms is the best choice under specific circumstances.The excellent characteristic structures of these organisms have great application potential in the design and multi-functional optimization of energy-absorbing structures such as vehicle collisions,satellite landings,and military equipment.In this paper,using the principle of structural bionics,using the advantages of the honeycomb structure and the light weight and high strength of beetle elytra,four bionic lattice structures are studied:CH,ZPRH,SCH and IBE.Using NiTi shape memory alloy,a unique material as the base material,samples are prepared using selective laser melting(SLM)technology.By comparing the test results of the quasi-static compression test with the results of the numerical simulation,it is found that compared with the other three bionic lattice structures,the SCH structure has the best energy absorption effect in the effective stroke in the test,and the specific energy absorption can reach 6.32 J/g.ZPRH,SCH,and IBE structures not only have good and stable deformation behavior,but also have excellent impact resistance and shape memory properties.The design of these structures provides a reference for the design of anti-shock cushioning structures with self-recovery functions in the future.
