Effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed on reproduction of male rats

瞄准：在雄的老鼠上调查蓖麻子普通种子(RCE ) 的甲醇摘录的效果繁殖功能。方法：32 只男白鼠被划分成四个组。组 1， 2 和 3 是有 2.5% 吐温八●的 0.2 mL 的 gavaged (RCE 车辆；控制) 或 20 mg/(kg x d ) 和 RCE 的 40 mg/(kg x d ) ，分别地为 30 天，和组， 4 也是有 RCE 的 40 mg/(kg x d ) 的 gavaged，但是被给予 30 天的一个恢复时期。五只未经治疗的雌老鼠从白天 25 RCE 处理在每个组带着雄的老鼠被姘居 5 天，除了组 4，在同居开始了白天 25 恢复时期的地方。所有雄的老鼠被牺牲在实验以后的 24 h。雌老鼠是白天 19 怀孕和数字上的 laparotomized，崽的重量被记录。结果：在繁殖机关，精子功能和在 RCE 的睾丸激素的浆液层次的重量有重要减少(P【0.01 ) 对待的老鼠。在睾丸的细胞结构有组织的破坏，细精管的混乱和生殖上皮的侵蚀。在组的老鼠的崽的数字和重量 2 和 4 显著地减少了(P【0.05 ) 但是没有变化在组 3 被观察。RCE 没在雄的老鼠在肝，肾，心或体重引起变化。结论：RCE 在男繁殖功能上有可逆否定影响，它看起来在睾丸激素分泌物经由生殖腺混乱被调停。

Antispermatogenic activity of Morinda lucida extract in male rats

瞄准：在男白鼠的繁殖活动调查 Morinda 明星 Benth (茜草科) 的效果。方法：二组老鼠分别地与 Morinda 明星叶摘录的 400 mg/(kg .d ) 被对待 4 和 13 个星期。控制老鼠收到了车辆。所有对待的老鼠有相应恢复组。在每试验性的经期的结束，动物被打死并且机关重量，精子特征，浆液睾丸激素层次，睾丸和生育力的组织学被估计。结果：Morinda 明星叶摘录没在身体和体的机关重量引起任何变化，但是显著地增加睾丸重量(P 0.05 ) 。精子活动性和生存能力，和老鼠的附睾精子计数对待因为 13 个星期显著地被减少(P 0.05 ) 。精子词法畸形和浆液睾丸激素层次显著地被增加(P 0.05 ) 。有细精管的损坏的各种各样的度。摘录由减少崽尺寸减少了对待的老鼠的富饶。然而，这些变化的颠倒发生在时间的一个时期以后。结论：Morinda 明星的摘录有可逆 antispermatogenic 性质。

Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Tridax procumbens on contractile activity of corpus cavernosum in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertensive male rats

Objective: This study investigated the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Tridax procumbens(ALETP) on contractile activity of corpus cavernosum in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME)-induced hypertensive male rats.Methods: Twenty normal, adult male rats(130–150 g) were divided into four groups of five rats each.Group I(control) was given normal saline(0.6 m L/kg) and group II was given L-NAME(40 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Groups III and IV also received L-NAME(40 mg/kg) for 6 weeks but were further co-treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of ALETP, respectively, from week 4 to week 6. All treatments were given orally. Strips of corpus cavernosum from each of the four groups were exposed to increasing concentrations of acetylcholine(ACh) and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)(10^(-9)–10^(-5) mol/L) after contraction with phenylephrine(10^(-7) mol/L) to test for a dose–response effect. Response to potassium and calcium was also measured after cumulatively adding potassium and calcium(10–50 mmol/L) to potassium-and calcium-free organ chamber. Isometric contractions were recorded through an Ugo Basile data capsule acquisition system.Results: Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly reduced in the ALETP co-treated group compared to the control and L-NAME-only groups(P < 0.05). Cavernosa strips from ALETP co-treated rats exhibited significant inhibition of contraction in response to phenylephrine, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride(P < 0.05). Relaxation in response to Ach and SNP was also significantly impaired in cavernosa strips from the L-NAME-only treated group(P < 0.05), while ALETP co-treated groups showed enhanced percentage relaxation.Conclusion: ALETP treatment of L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats promotes a relaxant effect on isolated cavernosa strips. ALETP shows potential in correcting erectile dysfunction in hypertension.

Cardioprotective and renoprotective effects of Cocos nucifera water in offspring of high fat diet fed Wistar rat dams

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Cocos nucifera(C.nucifera)water on the cardiovascular and renal functions of offspring from rat dams fed high fat diet during gestation.Methods:Four groups of pregnant Wistar rats were treated from gestation day 1 to 21;namely,control(1 mL/100 g distilled water),C.nucifera water(1 mL/100 g C.nucifera water),high fat diet(1 mL/100 g distilled water+30%butter:70%standard rodent diet)and high fat diet+C.nucifera water(1 mL/100 g C.nucifera water+30%butter:70%standard rodent diet).All dams received standard rodent diet from gestation day 22,and offspring were weaned to standard rodent diet on postnatal day 28.On postnatal day 120,serum and cardiac levels of malondialdehyde,interleukin-1βand high sensitivity C-reactive protein were determined in offspring.Serum creatinine and urea levels as well as histology of heart and kidney tissue were assessed.Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Male high fat diet offspring showed significantly increased(P<0.05)serum interleukin-1βcompared with C.nucifera water offspring.The increase in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein observed in female high fat diet offspring was not present in high fat diet+C.nucifera water offspring.Heart tissues from high fat diet offspring showed scanty fibers and congested myocardium with mild fibrosis.Male high fat diet offspring kidneys showed mesangial cell hyperplasia,fat infiltration and mild tubular necrosis.These were accompanied with alterations in serum urea and creatinine levels in high fat diet+C.nucifera water offspring.Conclusions:C.nucifera water exerts cardioprotective and renoprotective effects on offspring of rat dams fed high fat diet during gestation via an anti-inflammatory mechanism.