Chemical looping dry reforming（CLDR） is an innovative technology for CO2 utilization using the chemical looping principle.The CLDR process consists of three stages,i.e.CH4 reduction,CO2 reforming,and air oxidation.S...Chemical looping dry reforming（CLDR） is an innovative technology for CO2 utilization using the chemical looping principle.The CLDR process consists of three stages,i.e.CH4 reduction,CO2 reforming,and air oxidation.Spinel nickel ferrite（NiFe2O4） was prepared and its multi-cycle performance as an oxygen carrier for CLDR was experimentally investigated.X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Laser Raman spectroscopy showed that a pure spinel crystalline phase（NiFe2O4） was obtained by a parallel flow co-precipitating method.NiFe2O4was reduced into Fe-Ni alloy and wustite（FexO） during the CH4 reduction process.Subsequent oxidation of the reduced oxygen carrier was performed with CO2 as an oxidant to form an intermediate state：a mixture of spinel Ni（1-x）Fe（2＋x）O4,Fe（2＋y）O4 and metallic Ni.And CO was generated in parallel during this stage.Approximate 185 mL of CO was generated for 1 g spinel NiFe2O4 in a single cycle.The intermediate oxygen carrier was fully oxidized in the air oxidation stage to form a mixture of Ni（1＋x）Fe（2-x）O4 and Fe2O3.Although the original state of oxygen carrier（NiFe2O4） was not fully regenerated and agglomeration was observed,a good recyclability was shown in 10 successive redox cycles.展开更多
TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited by arc ion plating on titanium alloys to study their hot corrosion resistance when they were exposed to NaCl at 600℃.The microstructure and corrosion behaviors of nitride coating...TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited by arc ion plating on titanium alloys to study their hot corrosion resistance when they were exposed to NaCl at 600℃.The microstructure and corrosion behaviors of nitride coatings were studied using scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,electro-probe microanalyzer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results showed that nitride coatings with the different compositions and the ones with the same composition but different thicknesses presented different hot corrosion resistance.TiN and thin TiAlN coatings showed poor corrosion resistance.Serious internal oxidation attacked the alloy substrate.Their corrosion products were mainly consisted of non-protective TiO2 and sodium salt.By contrast,the thick TiAlN coating presented outstanding corrosion resistance.Besides sodium salt,the corrosion products were composed of protective Al_(2)O_(3).The increasing thickness of TiAlN significantly enhanced the hot corrosion resistance.The corrosion mechanisms of alloy,TiN and TiAlN coatings were discussed in detail.展开更多
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51406214 and51406208)supported by the Natural science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2015A030313719)the Science&Technology Research Project of Guangdong Province(2013B050800008)
文摘Chemical looping dry reforming（CLDR） is an innovative technology for CO2 utilization using the chemical looping principle.The CLDR process consists of three stages,i.e.CH4 reduction,CO2 reforming,and air oxidation.Spinel nickel ferrite（NiFe2O4） was prepared and its multi-cycle performance as an oxygen carrier for CLDR was experimentally investigated.X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Laser Raman spectroscopy showed that a pure spinel crystalline phase（NiFe2O4） was obtained by a parallel flow co-precipitating method.NiFe2O4was reduced into Fe-Ni alloy and wustite（FexO） during the CH4 reduction process.Subsequent oxidation of the reduced oxygen carrier was performed with CO2 as an oxidant to form an intermediate state：a mixture of spinel Ni（1-x）Fe（2＋x）O4,Fe（2＋y）O4 and metallic Ni.And CO was generated in parallel during this stage.Approximate 185 mL of CO was generated for 1 g spinel NiFe2O4 in a single cycle.The intermediate oxygen carrier was fully oxidized in the air oxidation stage to form a mixture of Ni（1＋x）Fe（2-x）O4 and Fe2O3.Although the original state of oxygen carrier（NiFe2O4） was not fully regenerated and agglomeration was observed,a good recyclability was shown in 10 successive redox cycles.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51901071,51871229 and 51701223)the Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(No.20IRTSTHN016)+3 种基金the High-Level Talents Introduction Project of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(No.203010618003)the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.202102310288)the Landmark Innovation Project of Henan Institute of Science and Technologythe Young Key Teachers Projects in Henan Higher Education Institutions(No.2018GGJS113)。
文摘TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited by arc ion plating on titanium alloys to study their hot corrosion resistance when they were exposed to NaCl at 600℃.The microstructure and corrosion behaviors of nitride coatings were studied using scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,electro-probe microanalyzer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results showed that nitride coatings with the different compositions and the ones with the same composition but different thicknesses presented different hot corrosion resistance.TiN and thin TiAlN coatings showed poor corrosion resistance.Serious internal oxidation attacked the alloy substrate.Their corrosion products were mainly consisted of non-protective TiO2 and sodium salt.By contrast,the thick TiAlN coating presented outstanding corrosion resistance.Besides sodium salt,the corrosion products were composed of protective Al_(2)O_(3).The increasing thickness of TiAlN significantly enhanced the hot corrosion resistance.The corrosion mechanisms of alloy,TiN and TiAlN coatings were discussed in detail.
